{"id":29197,"date":"2023-08-25T09:37:03","date_gmt":"2023-08-25T12:37:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/one-way-anova-copy\/"},"modified":"2024-12-05T15:49:02","modified_gmt":"2024-12-05T18:49:02","slug":"types-of-sampling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/ornekleme-turleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z i\u00e7in Do\u011fru \u00d6rnekleme T\u00fcrleri Nas\u0131l Se\u00e7ilir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00d6rnekleme, herhangi bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma projesinin temel bir y\u00f6n\u00fcd\u00fcr ve se\u00e7ilen \u00f6rneklem t\u00fcr\u00fc, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bulgular\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli bir etkiye sahip olabilir. \u00c7ok say\u0131da farkl\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme tekni\u011fi mevcut oldu\u011fundan, ara\u015ft\u0131rma projeniz i\u00e7in en uygun olan\u0131 se\u00e7mek zor olabilir. Bu makale, \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6rnekleme teknikleri ve bunlar\u0131n avantaj ve dezavantajlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir \u00f6rneklem t\u00fcr\u00fc se\u00e7erken g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gereken fakt\u00f6rler ve ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken yayg\u0131n tuzaklar hakk\u0131nda kapsaml\u0131 bir genel bak\u0131\u015f sa\u011flamay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnekleme Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnekleme, temsil etmek ve incelemek \u00fczere daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pop\u00fclasyondan bir birey veya \u00f6\u011fe alt k\u00fcmesi se\u00e7me s\u00fcrecidir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00f6rnekleme dayanarak t\u00fcm pop\u00fclasyon hakk\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli sonu\u00e7lar \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7o\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rneklemenin amac\u0131, ilgilenilen pop\u00fclasyonun \u00f6zelliklerini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131tan temsili bir \u00f6rneklem elde etmektir. Kullan\u0131lan \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemi ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorusuna, pop\u00fclasyonun \u00f6zelliklerine ve mevcut kaynaklara ba\u011fl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnekleme T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnekleme, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pop\u00fclasyondan temsili bir grup bireyi veya birimi se\u00e7me s\u00fcrecidir. \u0130ki ana \u00f6rnekleme t\u00fcr\u00fc olas\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ve olas\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olmayan \u00f6rneklemedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olas\u0131l\u0131k \u00d6rneklemesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Olas\u0131l\u0131k \u00f6rneklemesi, pop\u00fclasyonun her \u00fcyesinin e\u015fit veya bilinen bir se\u00e7ilme \u015fans\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan, adil ve temsili bir \u00f6rneklem sa\u011flayan rastgele bir teknik kullan\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler de dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli olas\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme t\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Basit Rastgele \u00d6rnekleme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme, istatistikte pop\u00fcler ve basit bir \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemidir. Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pop\u00fclasyondan, her birey veya unsurun \u00f6rne\u011fe dahil olma \u015fans\u0131 e\u015fit olacak \u015fekilde bir birey veya unsur alt k\u00fcmesinin se\u00e7ilmesini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sistematik \u00d6rnekleme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sistematik \u00f6rnekleme, bir pop\u00fclasyondan d\u00fczenli aral\u0131klarla kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 se\u00e7me y\u00f6ntemidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, evren b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 100 ve istenen \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 20 ise, evrenin her be\u015f \u00fcyesinden biri \u00f6rneklem i\u00e7in se\u00e7ilecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tabakal\u0131 \u00d6rnekleme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Tabakal\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, n\u00fcfusun ya\u015f veya cinsiyet gibi belirli \u00f6zelliklere g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 alt gruplara veya tabakalara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesini gerektiren bir tekniktir. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar daha sonra her bir tabakadan, o tabakan\u0131n pop\u00fclasyondaki b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcme \u00d6rneklemesi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcme \u00f6rneklemesi, pop\u00fclasyonun k\u00fcmelere veya gruplara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesini ve daha sonra bu k\u00fcmelerden rastgele bir \u00f6rneklem se\u00e7ilmesini i\u00e7erir. Se\u00e7ilen k\u00fcmelerin t\u00fcm \u00fcyeleri daha sonra \u00f6rne\u011fe dahil edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok A\u015famal\u0131 \u00d6rnekleme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok a\u015famal\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, temsili bir \u00f6rneklem elde etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6rnekleme tekniklerinin bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 k\u00fcmeleri se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in tabakal\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme kullanabilir ve daha sonra bu k\u00fcmeler i\u00e7inden kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme kullanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olas\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00d6rnekleme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Olas\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00f6rnekleme, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n se\u00e7iminin olas\u0131l\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki fakt\u00f6rlere dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00f6rnekleme tekni\u011fidir. Bu, pop\u00fclasyonun baz\u0131 \u00fcyelerinin \u00f6rne\u011fe dahil edilme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n di\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek olabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. Olas\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00f6rneklemenin \u00e7e\u015fitli t\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kolayda \u00d6rnekleme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Kolayda \u00f6rnekleme, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n kolay eri\u015filebilirliklerine veya uygunluklar\u0131na g\u00f6re se\u00e7ildi\u011fi bir tekniktir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 ders verdi\u011fi bir s\u0131n\u0131ftan ya da \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i bir forumdan se\u00e7ebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kota \u00d6rneklemesi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Kota \u00f6rneklemesi, pop\u00fclasyonun \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini yans\u0131tacak \u015fekilde \u00f6rneklem i\u00e7inde belirli \u00f6zelliklerin temsil edilmesini sa\u011flamay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan bir kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 se\u00e7imi y\u00f6ntemidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 belirli say\u0131da kad\u0131n ve erkek ya da farkl\u0131 ya\u015f gruplar\u0131ndan belirli say\u0131da kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 almay\u0131 hedefleyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yarg\u0131sal \u00d6rnekleme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Yarg\u0131sal \u00f6rnekleme, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n yarg\u0131s\u0131na veya uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayal\u0131 olarak kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesini i\u00e7erir. Bu, son derece uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f veya ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 zor bir pop\u00fclasyonu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken uygun olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kartopu \u00d6rneklemesi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Kartopu \u00f6rnekleme, mevcut kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00f6nlendirmelerine dayanan bir kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 se\u00e7im y\u00f6ntemidir. Bu y\u00f6ntem, uyu\u015fturucu kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 veya belgesiz g\u00f6\u00e7menler gibi do\u011frudan tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 veya eri\u015filmesi zor olan bir pop\u00fclasyonu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken faydal\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hakk\u0131nda i\u00e7erik blogumuza g\u00f6z at\u0131n \"Kartopu \u00d6rneklemesi: G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Bir Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Arac\u0131n\u0131n S\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00c7\u0131karmak<\/a>“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n
\n
\"\u00f6rnekleme
ile yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r Mind the Graph<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Farkl\u0131 Numune T\u00fcrlerinin Avantaj ve Dezavantajlar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Her \u00f6rneklem t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n bir \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemi se\u00e7erken g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmas\u0131 gereken avantajlar\u0131 ve dezavantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte farkl\u0131 \u00f6rneklem t\u00fcrlerinin baz\u0131 genel avantaj ve dezavantajlar\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Basit Rastgele \u00d6rnekleme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Avantajlar: Kullan\u0131m\u0131 kolayd\u0131r ve n\u00fcfusun temsili bir \u00f6rne\u011fini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dezavantajlar: N\u00fcfusun tam bir listesini olu\u015fturmak pahal\u0131 ve zaman al\u0131c\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sistematik \u00d6rnekleme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Avantajlar: Basit rastgele \u00f6rneklemeden daha az zaman al\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r ve pop\u00fclasyonun temsili bir \u00f6rne\u011fini sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dezavantajlar: N\u00fcfus periyodik bir \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye sahipse, temsili bir \u00f6rneklem sa\u011flayamayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tabakal\u0131 \u00d6rnekleme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Avantajlar: \u00d6nemli alt gruplar\u0131n dahil edilmesini sa\u011flayarak \u00f6rneklemin temsil g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dezavantajlar: Uygun tabakalar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcklerini belirlemek zor olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcme \u00d6rneklemesi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Avantajlar: Co\u011frafi olarak da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fcfuslar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r ve maliyetleri ve zaman\u0131 azaltabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dezavantajlar: K\u00fcmeler pop\u00fclasyonu temsil etmiyorsa \u00f6rneklemin temsil g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc azaltabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok A\u015famal\u0131 \u00d6rnekleme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Avantajlar: Co\u011frafi olarak da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fcfuslar i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 olabilir ve maliyetleri ve zaman\u0131 azaltabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dezavantajlar: K\u00fcmeler pop\u00fclasyonu temsil etmiyorsa \u00f6rneklemin temsil g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc azaltabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kolayda \u00d6rnekleme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Avantajlar: Uygulamas\u0131 kolay ve h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dezavantajlar: \u00d6nyarg\u0131ya yol a\u00e7abilir ve n\u00fcfusu temsil etmeyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kota \u00d6rneklemesi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Avantajlar: Uygulamas\u0131 kolayd\u0131r ve \u00f6rneklemin \u00f6nemli alt gruplar\u0131 i\u00e7ermesini sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dezavantajlar: \u00d6nyarg\u0131ya yol a\u00e7abilir ve n\u00fcfusu temsil etmeyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yarg\u0131sal \u00d6rnekleme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Avantajlar: \u00d6zel pop\u00fclasyonlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r ve di\u011fer y\u00f6ntemlerden daha verimli olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dezavantajlar: \u00d6nyarg\u0131ya yol a\u00e7abilir ve n\u00fcfusu temsil etmeyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kartopu \u00d6rneklemesi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Avantajlar: Ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 zor n\u00fcfuslar i\u00e7in faydal\u0131d\u0131r ve di\u011fer y\u00f6ntemlerden daha verimli olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dezavantajlar: \u00d6nyarg\u0131ya yol a\u00e7abilir ve n\u00fcfusu temsil etmeyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hakk\u0131nda i\u00e7erik blogumuza g\u00f6z at\u0131n \"Kartopu \u00d6rneklemesi: G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Bir Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Arac\u0131n\u0131n S\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00c7\u0131karmak<\/a>“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Numune T\u00fcr\u00fc Se\u00e7erken Dikkat Edilmesi Gereken Fakt\u00f6rler<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rneklem t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn se\u00e7ilmesi ara\u015ft\u0131rmada \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131md\u0131r ve \u00f6rneklemin pop\u00fclasyonu temsil etmesini ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n ge\u00e7erli ve g\u00fcvenilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rlerin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorusu: <\/strong>\u00d6rneklem, ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorusuna ve hedeflerine yan\u0131t verecek \u015fekilde se\u00e7ilmesi gerekti\u011finden, bu, \u00f6rneklem t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn se\u00e7ilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n hangi pop\u00fclasyonu incelemek istediklerini belirlemeleri ve bu pop\u00fclasyonu temsil eden bir \u00f6rneklem se\u00e7meleri gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00fcfus:<\/strong> N\u00fcfusun b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve \u00f6zellikleri de dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerdir. Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pop\u00fclasyon daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6rneklem boyutu gerektirebilir ve pop\u00fclasyonun \u00f6zellikleri \u00f6rneklem t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn se\u00e7imini etkileyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc:<\/strong> \u00d6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00fcvenilir ve ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hata pay\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n kesinli\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnekleme hatas\u0131:<\/strong> Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6rnekleme hatas\u0131 potansiyelini de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmalar\u0131 ve bu hatay\u0131 en aza indirecek bir \u00f6rneklem t\u00fcr\u00fc se\u00e7meleri gerekir. \u00d6rnekleme hatas\u0131, \u00f6rneklem pop\u00fclasyonu temsil etmedi\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir ve yanl\u0131\u015f sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemi:<\/strong> <\/em>Kullan\u0131lan \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemi, \u00f6rneklem t\u00fcr\u00fcne ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorusuna uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemlerinin farkl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve zay\u0131f y\u00f6nleri vard\u0131r ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na en uygun y\u00f6ntemi se\u00e7meleri gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Veri analizi:<\/strong> <\/em>\u00d6rneklem t\u00fcr\u00fc se\u00e7ilirken bu y\u00f6ntemler de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemi, veri analiz tekniklerinin se\u00e7imini etkileyebilir ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6rneklemlerine ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorular\u0131na uygun bir y\u00f6ntem se\u00e7meleri gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rneklemede Ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 Gereken Yayg\u0131n Tuzaklar<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tuzaklardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemlerini dikkatle de\u011ferlendirmeli ve temsili ve tarafs\u0131z \u00f6rnekler kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u00f6rnekleme hatas\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek i\u00e7in ad\u0131mlar atmal\u0131 ve verileri analiz etmek i\u00e7in uygun istatistiksel y\u00f6ntemler kullanmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. \u0130\u015fte ara\u015ft\u0131rmada \u00f6rnekleme yaparken ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken yayg\u0131n tuzaklar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se\u00e7im yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131: <\/strong>\u00d6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemi ya da \u00f6rneklemin kendisi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan n\u00fcfusu temsil etmedi\u011finde yanl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnekleme hatas\u0131:<\/strong> \u00d6rneklem almak do\u011fal olarak varyasyonla sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r ve bu da pop\u00fclasyon parametrelerinin yanl\u0131\u015f tahmin edilmesine neden olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cevaps\u0131zl\u0131k yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Bu durum, \u00f6rneklemin baz\u0131 \u00fcyeleri ankete veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya yan\u0131t vermedi\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ve bu da sonu\u00e7lara yanl\u0131l\u0131k katabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnekleme \u00e7er\u00e7evesi yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Bu durum eksik, hatal\u0131 veya g\u00fcncel olmayan bir \u00f6rnekleme \u00e7er\u00e7evesinden kaynaklanmakta ve yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7erik blogumuzda bu konuda daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 okuyun \"\u00d6rnekleme yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen bir sorun<\/a>“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc yan\u0131t \u00f6nyarg\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> <\/em>Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lmay\u0131 kendileri se\u00e7mektedir, bu da yanl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kat\u0131lmay\u0131 se\u00e7enler se\u00e7meyenlerden farkl\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rtbas \u00f6nyarg\u0131s\u0131: <\/strong>N\u00fcfus i\u00e7indeki belirli gruplar \u00f6rnekleme \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde temsil edilmedi\u011finde sonu\u00e7lar yanl\u0131 hale gelebilir, bu da eksik kapsama yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak bilinir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 genelleme:<\/strong> <\/em>Geni\u015f genellemeler yapmak, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dayanarak bir pop\u00fclasyon hakk\u0131nda kapsaml\u0131 sonu\u00e7lara var\u0131lan ve yanl\u0131\u015f sonu\u00e7larla sonu\u00e7lanan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda yayg\u0131n bir hatad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nitel Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda \u00d6rnekleme Teknikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nitel ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n \u00f6rnekleme teknikleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme:<\/strong> Bu, ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorusu veya hedefiyle ilgili belirli kriterlere dayal\u0131 olarak kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesi eylemidir. Bu, belirli bir uzmanl\u0131\u011fa, deneyime veya benzersiz bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na sahip bireylerin se\u00e7ilmesini i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kartopu \u00f6rneklemesi: <\/strong>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 grubuyla ba\u015flar ve daha sonra onlardan ara\u015ft\u0131rma kriterlerini kar\u015f\u0131layan di\u011fer potansiyel kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6nlendirmelerini ister. Bu teknik, ilgilenilen pop\u00fclasyona ula\u015fman\u0131n zor oldu\u011fu veya yan\u0131t oran\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu durumlarda faydal\u0131 olabilir. \u0130\u00e7erik blogumuza g\u00f6z at\u0131n \"Kartopu \u00d6rneklemesi: G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Bir Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Arac\u0131n\u0131n S\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00c7\u0131karmak<\/a>“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maksimum varyasyon \u00f6rneklemesi:<\/strong> Bir olguyu derinlemesine ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ve karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yakalamay\u0131 ama\u00e7larken, ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorusuyla ilgili geni\u015f bir perspektif veya deneyim yelpazesini kapsayan kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 se\u00e7mek faydal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n daha geni\u015f bir i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fc yelpazesini kapsamas\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n kapsaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teorik \u00f6rnekleme: <\/strong>Bu teknik, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n veri toplama s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan temalara veya \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclere g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilmesini gerektirir. Yayg\u0131n olarak, amac\u0131n verilere dayanan bir teori geli\u015ftirmek oldu\u011fu temellendirilmi\u015f teori ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uygunluk \u00f6rneklemesi: <\/strong>Kolayda \u00f6rnekleme, ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya kat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in kolayca eri\u015filebilen veya haz\u0131r olan kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 se\u00e7er. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu tekni\u011fi genellikle ke\u015fifsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda ya da zaman ve kaynaklar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu durumlarda kullan\u0131rlar. Bununla birlikte, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar ilgilenilen pop\u00fclasyonu temsil etmiyorsa, yanl\u0131 bir \u00f6rnekleme yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nicel Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda \u00d6rnekleme Teknikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fte nicel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda kullan\u0131lan baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n \u00f6rnekleme teknikleri:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Basit rastgele \u00f6rnekleme: <\/strong>Bu, pop\u00fclasyonun her bir \u00fcyesinin \u00f6rneklem i\u00e7in e\u015fit se\u00e7ilme \u015fans\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu temel bir \u00f6rnekleme tekni\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tabakal\u0131 rastgele \u00f6rnekleme:<\/strong> Temsil edilebilirli\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in, tabakal\u0131 rastgele \u00f6rnekleme tekni\u011fi, pop\u00fclasyonun belirli kriterlere g\u00f6re tabakalara veya gruplara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesini ve her tabakadan \u00f6rneklerin se\u00e7ilmesini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcme \u00f6rneklemesi: <\/strong>Bu, okullar veya mahalleler gibi k\u00fcme veya gruplardan rastgele bir \u00f6rneklem se\u00e7meyi ve ard\u0131ndan \u00f6rneklemi olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in se\u00e7ilen her bir k\u00fcme i\u00e7indeki bireyleri se\u00e7meyi i\u00e7eren bir tekniktir. Hakk\u0131nda i\u00e7erik blogumuza g\u00f6z at\u0131n \"K\u00fcme Analizinin G\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc Ortaya \u00c7\u0131karma<\/a>“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sistematik \u00f6rnekleme: <\/strong>Sistematik \u00f6rnekleme, her n'inci \u00fcyeyi, \u00f6rne\u011fin bir listedeki her 10'uncu ki\u015fiyi se\u00e7erek pop\u00fclasyondan bireyler se\u00e7me tekni\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok a\u015famal\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme:<\/strong> Bu, \u00f6rnekleri bir dizi a\u015famada se\u00e7er. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar rastgele bir eyalet \u00f6rneklemi se\u00e7erek ba\u015flayabilir, ard\u0131ndan bu eyaletlerden rastgele bir \u015fehir \u00f6rneklemi ve nihayetinde bu \u015fehirlerdeki rastgele bir birey \u00f6rneklemi se\u00e7ebilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uygunluk \u00f6rneklemesi:<\/strong> <\/em>Bir s\u0131n\u0131ftan \u00f6\u011frenci se\u00e7mek gibi, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 i\u00e7in haz\u0131r veya uygun olan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7me uygulamas\u0131na at\u0131fta bulunan bir tekniktir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kota \u00f6rneklemesi:<\/strong> <\/em>Kota \u00f6rneklemesi, ya\u015f veya cinsiyet gibi belirli kriterler i\u00e7in \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f kotalara veya \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f say\u0131lara dayal\u0131 olarak \u00f6rneklem se\u00e7me y\u00f6ntemini ifade eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Profesyonel infografikler i\u00e7in 200'den fazla \u00f6nceden haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f g\u00fczel \u015fablon<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Mind the Graph<\/a> platformu, ara\u015ft\u0131rma etkilerini art\u0131rmak ve bulgular\u0131n\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde iletmek isteyen bilim insanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011ferli bir kaynakt\u0131r. Platformun en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden biri, profesyonel infografikler i\u00e7in \u00f6nceden haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f 200'den fazla g\u00fczel \u015fablona eri\u015fimdir. Bu \u00f6zellik, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n verilerinin \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6rsel temsillerini kolay ve verimli bir \u015fekilde olu\u015fturmalar\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yarak hedef kitlelerinin dikkatini \u00e7ekmelerine ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n genel etkisini art\u0131rmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d6rnekleme t\u00fcrlerinin neler oldu\u011funu bilmek ister misiniz? Ba\u015fka yere bakman\u0131za gerek yok! Veri toplamada kullan\u0131lan farkl\u0131 tekniklere derinlemesine bir g\u00f6z at\u0131n.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":29203,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow to Choose the Right Types of Sampling for Your Research - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Want to know what are the types of sampling? Look no further! Get an in-depth look into the different techniques used in data collection.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/ornekleme-turleri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Choose the Right Types of Sampling for Your Research\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Want to know what are the types of sampling? Look no further! Get an in-depth look into the different techniques used in data collection.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/ornekleme-turleri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-08-25T12:37:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-12-05T18:49:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/types-of-sampling-blog.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1123\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"612\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ang\u00e9lica Salom\u00e3o\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"How to Choose the Right Types of Sampling for Your Research\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Want to know what are the types of sampling? Look no further! Get an in-depth look into the different techniques used in data collection.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/types-of-sampling-blog.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ang\u00e9lica Salom\u00e3o\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"How to Choose the Right Types of Sampling for Your Research - Mind the Graph Blog","description":"Want to know what are the types of sampling? Look no further! Get an in-depth look into the different techniques used in data collection.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/ornekleme-turleri\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"How to Choose the Right Types of Sampling for Your Research","og_description":"Want to know what are the types of sampling? Look no further! Get an in-depth look into the different techniques used in data collection.","og_url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/ornekleme-turleri\/","og_site_name":"Mind the Graph Blog","article_published_time":"2023-08-25T12:37:03+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-12-05T18:49:02+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1123,"height":612,"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/types-of-sampling-blog.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Ang\u00e9lica Salom\u00e3o","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"How to Choose the Right Types of Sampling for Your Research","twitter_description":"Want to know what are the types of sampling? Look no further! Get an in-depth look into the different techniques used in data collection.","twitter_image":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/types-of-sampling-blog.jpg","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Ang\u00e9lica Salom\u00e3o","Est. reading time":"10 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/types-of-sampling\/","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/types-of-sampling\/","name":"How to Choose the Right Types of Sampling for Your Research - Mind the Graph Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-08-25T12:37:03+00:00","dateModified":"2024-12-05T18:49:02+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/542e3620319366708346388407c01c0a"},"description":"Want to know what are the types of sampling? Look no further! Get an in-depth look into the different techniques used in data collection.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/types-of-sampling\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"tr-TR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/types-of-sampling\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/types-of-sampling\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"How to Choose the Right Types of Sampling for Your Research"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/","name":"Mind the Graph Blog","description":"Your science can be beautiful!","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"tr-TR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/542e3620319366708346388407c01c0a","name":"Ang\u00e9lica Salom\u00e3o","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr-TR","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a59218eda57fb51e0d7aea836e593cd1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a59218eda57fb51e0d7aea836e593cd1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ang\u00e9lica Salom\u00e3o"},"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/author\/angelica\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29197"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/35"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29197"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29197\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55771,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29197\/revisions\/55771"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29197"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29197"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}