{"id":12121,"date":"2021-01-11T11:05:53","date_gmt":"2021-01-11T13:05:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=12121"},"modified":"2023-01-05T14:52:03","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T17:52:03","slug":"cause-of-alzheimers-disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/alzheimers-hastaliginin-nedeni\/","title":{"rendered":"Yeni Teori Alzheimer Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Nedenini A\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde demans vakalar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r - bir ki\u015finin bili\u015fini ve haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 kademeli olarak etkileyen kronik bir n\u00f6rodejeneratif hastal\u0131k. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bug\u00fcne kadar genetik ve ya\u015flanma fakt\u00f6rlerinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc adamlar\u0131 ve ba\u015fl\u0131ca su\u00e7lular\u0131, n\u00f6roinflamasyona ve s\u0131rayla n\u00f6ron \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7an senil plaklar ve n\u00f6rofibriler kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa atfedilmektedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerine ili\u015fkin yeni bir teori, t\u0131bbi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutuyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teori, n\u00f6ronlar aras\u0131nda birikerek Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na neden olan protein olan amiloid k\u00fcmelerinin olu\u015fumundan sorumlu tek fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn genetik ve ya\u015flanma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda mikrop enfeksiyonuna kar\u015f\u0131 tetikleyici bir yan\u0131t olabilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan bir beynin i\u00e7inde neler olup bitti\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in n\u00f6rolojik bir \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fe daha yak\u0131ndan bakal\u0131m. \u0130ki b\u00fcy\u00fck fenomen devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tau ad\u0131 verilen bir protein, n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n i\u00e7indeki mikrot\u00fcb\u00fcllere destek vererek stabilitenin korunmas\u0131ndan sorumludur. Bu durumdan muzdarip bir beyinde tau, hiperfosforilat reaksiyonu ad\u0131 verilen bir reaksiyonla biyokimyasal olarak modifiye edilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu de\u011fi\u015fimin sonucunda n\u00f6ron i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmeyen protein par\u00e7alar\u0131 olu\u015fur, t\u00fcm sistem par\u00e7alan\u0131r ve n\u00f6ron h\u00fccreleri \u00f6l\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tau proteinlerinin bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmeyen par\u00e7alar\u0131 birbirlerine toplanarak n\u00f6rofibriler yumaklar.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Bu ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k plaklar\u0131<\/strong> yap\u0131l\u0131r amiloid-\u03b2 peptidleri<\/strong>. N\u00f6ron membranlar\u0131nda bulunan bir protein (pre-amiloid), n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda serbest amiloid-\u03b2 par\u00e7alar\u0131na yol a\u00e7an bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnme s\u00fcrecine maruz kal\u0131r*. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu par\u00e7alar\u0131n fagositoz yoluyla \u00f6zel h\u00fccreler ve enzimler taraf\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015f n\u00f6ron ortam\u0131ndan temizlenmesi gerekir, ancak genetik veya ya\u015flanma fakt\u00f6rleri nedeniyle bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 yeterince verimli bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmez ve plaklar halinde toplanmaya ba\u015flayan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmeyen amiloid-\u03b2 proteinlerinin serbest par\u00e7alar\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Amiloid plaklar\u0131, Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nedeni olarak \u00fczerinde en \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ve tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan plaklard\u0131r. Ancak bilim insanlar\u0131 n\u00f6rofibriler yumaklar\u0131n da hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesiyle do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili oldu\u011funu do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Bilim adamlar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 pos-mortem beyinlerde de amiloid k\u00fcmelenmesi buldular. Yani sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve ya\u015fl\u0131 bir beyinde de temizleme s\u00fcreci daha az verimli hale geliyor, ancak Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan bir beyin kadar de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenle, Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 karakterize eden \u015fey bu senil plaklar\u0131n ve n\u00f6rofibriler yumaklar\u0131n \u00e7ok say\u0131da olmas\u0131d\u0131r; bunlar beyin i\u00e7in son derece toksik hale gelir ve sinapslar\u0131n verimlili\u011fini ve kalitesini de\u011fi\u015ftirir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Etkilenen ki\u015filer haf\u0131za kayb\u0131, zaman ve konumla ilgili kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, depresyon, anksiyete, dil ve ileti\u015fim sorunlar\u0131, ruh hali dengesizli\u011fi ve di\u011ferleri gibi semptomlar g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nerilen yeni teoride<\/strong>Amiloid plaklar\u0131, beyni mikroplar\u0131n enfeksiyonundan koruma mekanizmas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amiloid-\u03b2 geni omurgal\u0131 grubunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda mevcuttur ve birka\u00e7 nesil boyunca farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrler aras\u0131nda korunmu\u015ftur, bu da v\u00fccudumuz i\u00e7in yararl\u0131 ve \u00f6nemli bir role sahip olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir, sadece zararl\u0131 bir \u015fey olarak hareket etmez - e\u011fer ge\u00e7erli veya yararl\u0131 bir \u015fey olmasayd\u0131, gen evrimsel yol boyunca uzun zaman \u00f6nce yok olurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bilim insanlar\u0131, Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan ki\u015filerden al\u0131nan binlerce \u00f6l\u00fcm sonras\u0131 beynin pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6t\u00fc ko\u015fullar nedeniyle bu beyin t\u00fcrlerini analiz etmede zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fsalar da, daha sonra birka\u00e7 olas\u0131 mikrop tetikleyicisi \u00f6nermek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p bilgi toplayabildiler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu tetikleyiciler, herpesvirus 1, 6A ve 7 gibi baz\u0131 insan herpes vir\u00fcslerine ve \u00fc\u00e7 bakteriye kar\u015f\u0131 savunma mekanizmalar\u0131d\u0131r, Chlamydia pn\u00f6monisi<\/em>, Borrelia burgdorferi<\/em>, Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teori, beta-amiloidin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta savunma i\u015flevi g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, beyne do\u011fru hareket eden mikroplar\u0131 hapsederek olas\u0131 bir enfeksiyon veya hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 durdurdu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Belirtildi\u011fi gibi, ya\u015flanma fakt\u00f6rleri nedeniyle beyin amiloidleri etkili bir \u015fekilde temizleme kapasitesini kaybeder. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, amiloid i\u015flevi fikri ba\u015ftan beri yanl\u0131\u015f olabilir; muhtemelen antimikrobiyal bir peptit olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lan beyin istilac\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 bir t\u00fcr antimikrobiyal korumada rol oynar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bilim insanlar\u0131, \u03b2-amiloidin birka\u00e7 yayg\u0131n hastal\u0131ktan kaynaklanan mikroorganizmalar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrebilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak olumlu sonu\u00e7lar elde ettiler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buna ek olarak, New York'taki Columbia \u00dcniversitesi'nde 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ve 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda sona ermesi beklenen bir ba\u015fka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, antiviral bir ilac\u0131 h<\/s>erpes simpleks vir\u00fcs\u00fc 1 ve hafif Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ilac\u0131n hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesini yava\u015flat\u0131p yava\u015flatamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eimdilik yapabilece\u011fimiz tek \u015fey en iyisini ummak ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 beklemek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nerilen bu yeni teori hala t\u00fcm bilim camias\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kabul g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftir. Bir\u00e7ok bilim insan\u0131, bu yeni teori kan\u0131tlansa bile, genetik fakt\u00f6rlerin ve k\u00f6t\u00fc mutasyonlar\u0131n hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ana nedeni olmaya devam edece\u011fini savunmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 hala ger\u00e7ek nedenleri hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az bilimsel bilgiye sahip olunan bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r; tedavisi yoktur ve \u00e7ok fazla terap\u00f6tik tedavi se\u00e7ene\u011fi yoktur. E\u011fer bu teori do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131karsa, daha iyi tedaviler y\u00f6n\u00fcnde at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ilk ad\u0131m olabilir. Haydi bilim!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Referanslar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABBOTT, A. Enfeksiyonlar baz\u0131 Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 vakalar\u0131n\u0131 besliyor mu? Do\u011fa<\/strong>, v. 587, n. 7832, p. 22-25, 4 nov. 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CEC\u00cd, K. ve di\u011ferleri. Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda biyolojik belirte\u00e7ler. Geriatri, Gerontoloji ve Ya\u015flanma<\/strong>, v. 6, n. 3, p. 273-282, 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MAKIN, S. Amiloid hipotezi yarg\u0131lan\u0131yor. Do\u011fa<\/strong>, v. 559, n. 7715, p. S4-S7, 25 jul. 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

YOO, K.-Y.; PARK, S.-Y. Potansiyel Anti-Alzheimer Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Terap\u00f6tikleri Olarak Terpenoidler. Molek\u00fcller<\/strong>, v. 17, n. 3, p. 3524-3538, mar. 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

___
Benim gibi bilimsel ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in bir infografik olu\u015fturman\u0131z gerekiyorsa, Mind the Graph'de ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olan ve istedi\u011finiz her t\u00fcrl\u00fc infografi\u011fi olu\u015fturabilirsiniz. Platform, bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131 tasar\u0131mc\u0131lara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek etkilerini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in burada! Platformda bize kat\u0131l\u0131n, buraya t\u0131klay\u0131n<\/a>!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bunama vakalar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r - bir ki\u015finin bili\u015fini ve haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 kademeli olarak etkileyen kronik bir n\u00f6rodejeneratif hastal\u0131k. Bug\u00fcne kadar genetik ve ya\u015flanma fakt\u00f6rlerinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca su\u00e7lular\u0131 [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12125,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[213,554,964,136],"yoast_head":"\nNew Theory Tries to Explain The Cause of Alzheimer\u2019s<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Read this blog that discusses a new theory that tries to explain the cause of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Know what scientists and researchers have found.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/cauza-bolii-alzheimer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New Theory Tries to Explain The Cause of Alzheimer\u2019s\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Read this blog that discusses a new theory that tries to explain the cause of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Know what scientists and researchers have found.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/cauza-bolii-alzheimer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-11T13:05:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-05T17:52:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/new-theory-tries-to-explain-the-cause-of-alzheimers-disease.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1110\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fabricio Pamplona\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fabricio Pamplona\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"New Theory Tries to Explain The Cause of Alzheimer\u2019s","description":"Read this blog that discusses a new theory that tries to explain the cause of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. 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He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. 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