{"id":11803,"date":"2020-10-28T09:30:35","date_gmt":"2020-10-28T11:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=11803"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:09:32","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:09:32","slug":"rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/","title":{"rendered":"Koronavir\u00fcs i\u00e7in RT-PCR Testi"},"content":{"rendered":"

2020'de COVID-19 hakk\u0131nda duydu\u011funuz pek \u00e7ok \u015feyden, hepsinin ortas\u0131nda yer alan bir \u015fey, birinin vir\u00fcsle enfekte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan test, \u00fcnl\u00fc RT-PCR testi veya sadece PCR.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015e\u00fcphesiz, bu testi daha \u00f6nce bir t\u0131p uzman\u0131ndan veya haberlerden duymu\u015fsunuzdur. PCR testi, bir ki\u015finin v\u00fccudunda vir\u00fcs\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (veya olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131) tespit etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

RT-PCR testi vir\u00fcs\u00fc tespit edebilen tek test de\u011fildir, ancak di\u011fer y\u00f6ntemlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda en do\u011fru ve g\u00fcvenilir olan\u0131d\u0131r. Bir di\u011fer test ise kan \u00f6rneklerinde spesifik antikor seviyelerini tespit eden geleneksel seroloji testidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

RT-PCR'deki harflerin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 <\/span>Ters Transkripsiyon Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu<\/b>bilim insanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan genetik materyalin birden fazla kopyas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in onlarca y\u0131ld\u0131r kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, bu durumda SARS-CoV-2'den daha fazla genetik materyal, hastalardan toplanan burun, kulak veya t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck \u00f6rneklerinde vir\u00fcs\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in parmak izi olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Numunede az miktarda bile olsa herhangi bir vir\u00fcs gizlenmi\u015fse, kopyala-yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc nedeniyle tespit edebilecektir. RT-PCR testinin bu kadar g\u00fcvenilir olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni budur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Test<\/b> DNA'lar veya RNA'lar olsun, bir par\u00e7a genetik materyalin kopyalama-yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemini yapan, s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7inde temel olarak iki ad\u0131m\u0131 olan bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Test i\u00e7in bir <\/span>termosikl\u00f6r makinesi<\/b> ki bu da kesin bir <\/span>s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve zaman kontrol\u00fc<\/b>. Birden fazla s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc boyunca viral genetik materyal artacakt\u0131r. Bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc \u00f6rne\u011fi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Y\u00f6ntem iki ana enzim gerektirir: Ters Transkriptaz (ba\u015fl\u0131ktaki \"RT\" bu y\u00fczden) ve DNA-polimeraz. Her birinin bir etki a\u015famas\u0131 ve bir i\u015flevi vard\u0131r. Yukar\u0131daki \u015fekilde, d\u00f6ng\u00fcn\u00fcn sar\u0131 faz\u0131 RT'nin hareket etti\u011fi, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 faz\u0131 ise DNA-polimeraz\u0131n i\u015fini yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamand\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130lk enzim, RNA vir\u00fcs\u00fcnden tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 DNA ipli\u011fini olu\u015fturarak ikinci enzimin yeni yap\u0131lan DNA ipli\u011finden kopyalama-yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015fini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesini sa\u011flar ve mevcut genetik materyal miktar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. Bu amplifikasyon, genetik materyalin karakterize edilmesini ve\/veya manip\u00fcle edilmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar, oysa daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir miktarda bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmazd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00fcm bu i\u015flemlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in enzimlerin PR\u0130MER ad\u0131 verilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck (veya b\u00fcy\u00fck) bir molek\u00fcl\u00fcn yard\u0131m\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. Primer i\u015flevi, enzimin iplik\u00e7ikleri uzatmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 gereken konumu belirtmektir, bu olmadan DNA-polimeraz\u0131n kopyalama-yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemi ba\u015flamaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Primer rastgele veya belirli bir \u015fekilde se\u00e7ilebilir. Bu gibi durumlarda v\u00edrusun genetik haritas\u0131n\u0131 bilmek \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir, b\u00f6ylece sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n verimlili\u011fini ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel primerler kullan\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Siz de bizim gibi merak ediyorsan\u0131z ve RT-PCR hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinmek istiyorsan\u0131z, daha fazla ayr\u0131nt\u0131ya g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz\u00a0<\/span> bu bilimsel makale <\/span>tam burada<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 ama \u00f6z\u00fcnde testi yapmak i\u00e7in gereken her \u015fey burada:<\/span><\/p>\n

Viral genetik materyal, RNA<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ters Transkriptaz ve DNA-polimeraz enzimleri<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00d6NC\u00dcLLER<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

N\u00fckleozit trifosfatlar<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ve Floresan Reporter Boyalar:\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

COVID-19 vir\u00fcs\u00fc ile kontamine olmu\u015f veya olmam\u0131\u015f bir numunenin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 bilmek i\u00e7in, RT-PCR testi ile birlikte floresan raport\u00f6r boyalar tahlili kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Test, bir numunenin floresan sinyalinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na veya yoklu\u011funa dayanmaktad\u0131r. Sinyal yoklu\u011funda test negatif veya yanl\u0131\u015f negatif olarak sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131labilir. Yo\u011fun bir sinyalin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sadece v\u00edrus varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in pozitif de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ileri evre bir hastal\u0131k olarak da sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcm malzemeleri kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve termo-d\u00f6ng\u00fc makinesine koyun.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Testin ilk ad\u0131m\u0131 yandaki infografikte g\u00f6sterilmektedir. RT enzimi, numunede bulunan vir\u00fcs\u00fcn genetik materyalinin ilk kopyas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da RT-PCR y\u00f6nteminin ikinci ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz. Primer ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 pozisyonunu g\u00f6sterir ve enzimatik reaksiyon yoluyla DNA-polimeraz DNA ipliklerini uzatmaya ba\u015flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Koronavir\u00fcs<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Son olarak, bu resim SARS-CoV-2 vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn elektron mikrograf g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr ve vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fckemmel bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ne kadar g\u00fczel de\u011fil mi?\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Test karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kadar basit de\u011fildir, ancak infografiklerle nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair b\u00fcy\u00fck resmi anlaman\u0131n \u00e7ok daha kolay oldu\u011funa bahse girerim, de\u011fil mi?<\/span><\/p>\n

Bunu istedi\u011finiz herhangi bir bilimsel bilgiyi kullanarak yapabilirsiniz\u00a0<\/span> Mind the Graph<\/span><\/a>. Platform, bilim bilgilerini daha iyi iletmeniz i\u00e7in size \u00f6zerklik vermek \u00fczere burada. Platformu nas\u0131l kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinin ve herhangi bir yard\u0131ma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olursa l\u00fctfen bizimle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in<\/span>!<\/b><\/p>\n

Referans<\/b><\/p>\n

AI, T. ve di\u011ferleri. \u00c7in'de Koronavir\u00fcs Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 2019 (COVID-19) i\u00e7in G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs BT ve RT-PCR Testinin Korelasyonu: 1014 Olgudan Olu\u015fan Bir Rapor. Radiology, v. 296, n. 2, p. E32-E40, 26 fev. 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

GIBELLINI, D. ve ark. HIV-1 seropozitif hastalarda SYBR green ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 RT-PCR tekni\u011fi ile insan imm\u00fcn yetmezlik vir\u00fcs\u00fc tip 1 (HIV-1) viral y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn kantitatif tespiti. Journal of Virological Methods, v. 115, n. 2, p. 183-189, 1 fev. 2004.<\/span><\/p>\n

JAMES, D. RT-PCR ile ve multipleks PCR testinde elma k\u00f6k kanal a\u00e7ma vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn tespiti i\u00e7in basit ve g\u00fcvenilir bir protokol. Journal of Virological Methods, v. 83, n. 1, p. 1-9, 1 dez. 1999.<\/span><\/p>\n

LI, Y. ve di\u011ferleri. Klinik olarak COVID-19 te\u015fhisi konan hastanede yatan hastalar i\u00e7in SARS-CoV-2'nin RT-PCR testinin stabilite sorunlar\u0131. Journal of Medical Virology, v. 92, n. 7, s. 903-908, 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

LIAO, C.-S. ve di\u011ferleri. RNA tabanl\u0131 vir\u00fcslerin te\u015fhisi i\u00e7in minyat\u00fcr RT-PCR sistemi. Nucleic Acids Research, v. 33, n. 18, p. e156-e156, 1 out. 2005.<\/span><\/p>\n

MOHAN, A. ve ark. KOAH akut alevlenmesi olan hastalarda PCR ve RT-PCR ile saptanan viral enfeksiyon prevalans\u0131: Sistematik bir derleme. Respirology, v. 15, n. 3, s. 536-542, 2010.<\/span><\/p>\n

NOLAN, T.; HANDS, R. E.; BUSTIN, S. A. Ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 RT-PCR kullan\u0131larak mRNA miktar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi. Nature Protocols, v. 1, n. 3, p. 1559-1582, ago. 2006.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yeni Koronavir\u00fcs SARS-CoV-2 | Bu transmisyon elektron mik... | Flickr. Dispon\u00edvel em: . Eri\u015fim tarihi: 23 Temmuz 2020. <\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11847,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[388,799,554,798,250],"yoast_head":"\nThe RT-PCR Test for Coronavirus - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Read this blog to know everything related to the popular COVID-19 test, RT-PCR or only PCR. You will get in-depth information about this test of Coronavirus.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The RT-PCR Test for Coronavirus - Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Read this blog to know everything related to the popular COVID-19 test, RT-PCR or only PCR. 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He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. 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