{"id":11793,"date":"2020-10-15T05:06:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-15T08:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=11793"},"modified":"2022-11-21T09:55:34","modified_gmt":"2022-11-21T12:55:34","slug":"nobel-prize-2020-for-medicine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/nobel-odulu-2020-tip-icin\/","title":{"rendered":"Nobel T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc 2020 - Hepatit C'nin Ke\u015ffi, Te\u015fhisi ve Tedavisi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nobel Fizyoloji veya T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, 5 Ekim 2020 tarihinde Stockholm'de d\u00fczenlenen y\u0131l\u0131n k\u00fcresel bilimsel mihenk ta\u015f\u0131 etkinliklerinden birinde, Hepatit C vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ke\u015ffi nedeniyle bir grup virolog ve biyokimyac\u0131ya verildi. Harvey Alter, Michael Houghton ve Charles Rice, hastal\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7an etkeni ke\u015ffettikleri ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tedavisi i\u00e7in bir yol bulduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fcne ortakla\u015fa lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fcler. Karolinska Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc'ndeki Nobel Kurulu \u00fcyeleri, bu ke\u015ffin kan yoluyla bula\u015fan hepatitin d\u00fcnyadan silinmesi i\u00e7in bir umut oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemekten kendilerini alamad\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nobel Fizyoloji veya T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, 5 Ekim 2020 tarihinde Stockholm'de d\u00fczenlenen y\u0131l\u0131n k\u00fcresel bilimsel mihenk ta\u015f\u0131 etkinliklerinden birinde, Hepatit C vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ke\u015ffi nedeniyle bir grup virolog ve biyokimyac\u0131ya verildi. Harvey Alter, Michael Houghton ve Charles Rice, hastal\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7an etkeni ke\u015ffettikleri ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tedavisi i\u00e7in bir yol bulduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fcne ortakla\u015fa lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fcler. Karolinska Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc'ndeki Nobel Kurulu \u00fcyeleri, bu ke\u015ffin kan yoluyla bula\u015fan hepatitin d\u00fcnyadan silinmesi i\u00e7in bir umut oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemekten kendilerini alamad\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Hepatit nedir?<\/b><\/h2>\n

Hepatit kelimesinin k\u00f6keni Yunanca karaci\u011fer anlam\u0131na gelen \"Hepar\" kelimesinden gelmektedir. Hepatit, bireyin karaci\u011ferinin zehirlenme, viral enfeksiyon gibi nedenlerle iltihapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0131bbi bir durumdur. Hepatit hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 sar\u0131l\u0131k, siroz, ate\u015f ve karaci\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ile karakterizedir. Hepatitten sorumlu enfektif ajanlar aras\u0131nda Hepatit A vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn kontamine su yoluyla bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, B ve C vir\u00fcslerinin ise kan ve v\u00fccut s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 yoluyla bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nas\u0131l ke\u015ffedildi?<\/b><\/h2>\n

Hepatit B'nin ke\u015ffinden sonra Alter ve ekibi, kan naklinden sonra a\u00e7\u0131klanamayan bir\u00e7ok karaci\u011fer enfeksiyonu ve kronik hepatit g\u00f6zlemlemi\u015ftir. Daha sonraki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, iki \u00f6nemli ger\u00e7e\u011fi kan\u0131tlad\u0131lar: Birincisi, bilinmeyen enfeksiyon ajan\u0131 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fempanzeye bula\u015ft\u0131rabiliyordu ve ikincisi, enfeksiyon ajan\u0131 bir vir\u00fcs karakteristi\u011fine sahipti, ancak Hepatit A veya B gibi de\u011fildi. Yine de vir\u00fcs tan\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f, herhangi bir vir\u00fcs ailesi ile karakterize edilmemi\u015f ve s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tan\u0131mlama i\u00e7in katk\u0131lar ve eradikasyon i\u00e7in yol<\/b><\/h2>\n

Y\u00fcksek morbidite ve mortalite oranlar\u0131yla, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar y\u0131llar boyunca \"bilinmeyen\" hepatit benzeri vir\u00fcs\u00fcn etkenini tan\u0131mlamaya ve karakterize etmeye hevesliydi. T\u00fcm geleneksel teknikleri deneyip ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olduktan sonra, Houghton'un Chiron Pharmaceuticals'taki yenilik\u00e7i yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla, viral protein olu\u015fumundan sorumlu DNA par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlay\u0131p klonlayabildiler. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 DNA k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve klonun ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, Houghton ve ekibi Flaviviridae ailesiyle benzerli\u011fi tespit edebildi ve Hepatit C vir\u00fcs\u00fc olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca, tespit edilen antikorlarla etken ajan\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in bir test prosed\u00fcr\u00fc de sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Hepatit C'nin karaci\u011fer enfeksiyonuna neden olan tek sorumlu etken olabilece\u011finin nihai kan\u0131t\u0131, St. Louis'deki Washington \u00dcniversitesi'nde Rice'\u0131n kapsaml\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucuydu. Rice ve ekibi rekombinant DNA teknolojisini kullanarak Hepatit C vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn inaktive edici dizilere sahip olmayan bir genomik varyasyonunu \u00fcretti ve primatlara enjekte etti. Sonu\u00e7lar, varyantlar\u0131n kronik karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fini ve t\u00fcm patolojik de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. Yeni tan\u0131mlanan t\u00fcm diziler ve etkisizle\u015ftirici b\u00f6lgeler ile Hepatit C vir\u00fcs\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 do\u011fru terap\u00f6tik ajan\u0131n yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in umut verdiler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ke\u015ffin etkisi<\/b><\/h2>\n

COVID-19 pandemisi ile d\u00fcnya bir sava\u015f cephesi haline gelmi\u015ftir. Antiviral ila\u00e7lar\u0131n ke\u015ffi, te\u015fhis ve tan\u0131mlama ke\u015fifleri ile Hepatit C ve ilgili ba\u015far\u0131lar, viroloji ve t\u0131p alan\u0131nda dikkate de\u011fer ayak sesleridir. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, Hepatit C vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn on y\u0131l i\u00e7inde ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir hedef belirlemi\u015ftir. Bu ke\u015fifler, bu hedefe giden yolda at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ad\u0131mlard\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, \u00fcstesinden gelinmesi gereken zorluklar vard\u0131r ve hen\u00fcz bir a\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ancak hastal\u0131kla m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in tespit ve tedavi rejimleri \u015feklinde bir umut \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 gelmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mind the Graph ekibi, bilim insanlar\u0131, \u00fcniversiteler ve gruplar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan Trio'yu ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kutluyor! Onlarca y\u0131ll\u0131k ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve s\u0131k\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, insanl\u0131\u011fa \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir vir\u00fcs hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yenmek i\u00e7in yeni bir yol kazand\u0131rd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11817,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[554],"yoast_head":"\nNobel Prize in Medicine 2020 - Diagnosis and Cure of Hepatitis C<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The recent findings in Hepatitis C have been acclaimed for the Nobel Prize in 2020 in Chemistry. 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