{"id":8936,"date":"2019-05-22T17:56:36","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T20:56:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=8936"},"modified":"2022-10-18T11:41:07","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T14:41:07","slug":"ocean-acidification-consequences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/posledice-zakisovanja-oceanov\/","title":{"rendered":"Posledice zakisljevanja oceanov na morske \u017eivali"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ogljikov dioksid je obi\u010dajen plin v ozra\u010dju. Obi\u010dajno Zemljin ogljikov cikel ohranja naravno ravnovesje ogljika v ozra\u010dju, kopnem in oceanih z \"dihanjem planeta\". Vendar pa \u010dlovek s svojimi dejavnostmi, kot so emisije fosilnih goriv, ru\u0161i ravnovesje ogljikovega cikla, kar povzro\u010da podnebne spremembe, saj se pove\u010duje u\u010dinek tople grede in zakisljevanje oceanov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Da bi razumeli posledice zakisljevanja oceanov, je treba najprej obnoviti ogljikov cikel. O tem sem pisal tukaj1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u010dinek tople grede omogo\u010da \u017eivljenje na Zemlji, saj zadr\u017euje toploto v ozra\u010dju in tako segreva planet. Kako deluje, sem pokazal tukaj.1<\/sup>. Kljub pomembnosti pa je zaradi nara\u0161\u010danja ogljikovega dioksida to postalo te\u017eava.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vendar pa ves prese\u017eek ogljikovega dioksida ne ostane v ozra\u010dju. Znanstveniki ocenjujejo, da oceani absorbirajo tretjino vsega ogljikovega dioksida, ki nastane zaradi \u010dlovekovih dejavnosti. Odstranjevanje ogljikovega dioksida iz ozra\u010dja s strani oceanov prispeva k upo\u010dasnitvi podnebnih sprememb. Vendar pa je ta prednost povezana s ceno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Za\u010dnite uporabljati Mind The Graph prav zdaj brezpla\u010dno!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ogljikov dioksid in kemija oceanov<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ko je CO2 raztopljen v morski vodi, reagira z vodo (H2O) v ogljikovo kislino: H2CO3: CO2 + H2O \u2194 H2CO3. Ogljikova kislina se hitro raztopi in tvori ione H+ (kislina) in bikarbonat, HCO3- (baza). Morska voda je naravno nasi\u010dena z drugo bazo, karbonatnim ionom (CO3-2), ki deluje kot antacid in nevtralizira H+ ter tvori ve\u010d bikarbonata. Neto reakcija je videti takole: CO2 + H2O + CO3-2\u2192 2HCO3-<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"zakisljevanje<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Absorpcija ogljikovega dioksida korenito spreminja kemijsko sestavo oceanov, saj spro\u017ea reakcije, zaradi katerih je morska voda bolj kisla, kar imenujemo zakisljevanje oceanov. Ocean je dejansko postal za skoraj 30 odstotkov bolj kisel, kot je bil na za\u010detku industrijske dobe. Gre za ve\u010djo in hitrej\u0161o spremembo, kot jo je bilo mogo\u010de opaziti v fosilnih zapisih, ki segajo vsaj 800 000 let nazaj, torej pred pojavom vreten\u010darjev in rastlin v fosilnih zapisih.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"zakisljevanje<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
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Ustvarjanje u\u010dinkovitih znanstvenih figur v nekaj minutah<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kako bo zakisljevanje oceanov vplivalo na morsko \u017eivljenje, kot so ribe, korale in \u0161koljke?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

S pove\u010devanjem koncentracije vodikovih ionov postaja voda bolj kisla. Poleg tega je karbonatnih ionov manj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nekaj dodatnih vodikovih ionov reagira s karbonatnimi ioni in tvori ve\u010d bikarbonata. Ker je karbonata manj, imajo ti organizmi, kot so korale in \u0161koljke, ve\u010dje te\u017eave pri gradnji in vzdr\u017eevanju svojih lupin in skeletov. Zaradi pove\u010dane kislosti se lahko nekatere karbonatne lupine in skeleti celo raztopijo. Vodikovi ioni reagirajo s trdnim kalcijevim karbonatom in ga pretvorijo v topen bikarbonat in kalcijeve ione.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Med me\u0161anico drobnih rastlin in \u017eivali, ki sestavljajo plankton, \u017eivi droben morski pol\u017e, imenovan pteropod. Kljub svoji majhnosti so pteropodi pomemben vir hrane za \u0161tevilne vrste, vklju\u010dno z ribami, tjulnji in kiti. Vendar imajo pteropodi ob\u010dutljive lupine iz kalcijevega karbonata, ki so ob\u010dutljive na zakisljevanje oceanov. V seriji poskusov so lupine pteropodov namestili v morsko vodo s pH (kislostjo), ki naj bi jo Ju\u017eni ocean dosegel do leta 2100. V 48 urah so se lupine pteropodov za\u010dele raztapljati.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Pridobite prepoznavnost s programom Mind The Graph<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Vizualizacija va\u0161e raziskave<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vizualni viri, kot so infografike in videoposnetki, so u\u010dinkovit na\u010din posredovanja znanosti. Vse te infografike sem ustvaril s spletno platformo Mind the graph, ki znanstvenikom omogo\u010da ustvarjanje privla\u010dnega gradiva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Ogljikov cikel in u\u010dinek tople grede - znanstvena infografika.<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ogljikov dioksid je obi\u010dajen plin v ozra\u010dju. Obi\u010dajno Zemljin ogljikov cikel ohranja naravno ravnovesje ogljika v ozra\u010dju, kopnem in oceanih z \"dihanjem planeta\". Vendar pa \u010dlovek s svojimi dejavnostmi, kot so emisije fosilnih goriv, ru\u0161i ravnovesje ogljikovega cikla in povzro\u010da podnebne spremembe, saj se pove\u010duje toplogredna energija, ki [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8959,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[66,958],"tags":[219,51,299,311,310,554],"yoast_head":"\nConsequences of ocean acidification on marine animals - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists estimate that the oceans absorbed one-third of all the carbon dioxide produced by human activities causing ocean acidification\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/posledice-zakisovanja-oceanov\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Consequences of ocean acidification on marine animals - 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