{"id":10456,"date":"2019-09-23T09:21:14","date_gmt":"2019-09-23T12:21:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=10456"},"modified":"2022-10-14T11:21:45","modified_gmt":"2022-10-14T14:21:45","slug":"immune-cell-signalling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/signalizacija-imunskih-celic\/","title":{"rendered":"Novi znanstveni podatki: \u010cas je odgovor na signalizacijo imunskih celic"},"content":{"rendered":"

Os gl\u00f3bulos brancos s\u00e3o respons\u00e1veis por defender nosso corpo contra amea\u00e7as, mantendo-nos vivos. <\/span>Mas como essas c\u00e9lulas identificam uma amea\u00e7a? <\/span>Dentro do corpo humano, com trilh\u00f5es de c\u00e9lulas, elas precisam ser espec\u00edficas e precisas. <\/span>V nasprotnem primeru nas bodo napadli iz notranjosti. <\/span>Essa responsabilidade recai sobre os ombros das c\u00e9lulas T, agentes especializados em identificar ant\u00edgenos nocivos e marc\u00e1-los para serem destru\u00eddos. <\/span>Uma das maiores quest\u00f5es sobre a sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o das c\u00e9lulas imunes \u00e9 como as c\u00e9lulas T distinguem nossas pr\u00f3prias c\u00e9lulas saud\u00e1veis e o que \u00e9 prejududicial para n\u00f3s.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"ativa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/p>\n

Med razvojem telo proizvede ve\u010d milijonov ceul T z razli\u010dnimi tipi receptorjev. <\/span>Afinal, nosso corpo n\u00e3o sabe exatamente o que o futuro reserva. <\/span>Mas h\u00e1 um problema com essa estrat\u00e9gia. <\/span>Produzimos c\u00e9lulas com receptores que identificam peptideos que pertencem ao corpo. <\/span>Med razvojem izlo\u010dimo ve\u010dino ceul T, ki reagirajo na te mol\u00e9culas \"pr\u00f3prias\". <\/span>No entanto, alguns deles continuam circulando ao longo da vida, protegendo contra c\u00e9lulas infectadas e anormais sem prejudicar o organismo.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O que impede as c\u00e9lulas T de marcar nossas c\u00e9lulas saud\u00e1veis?<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Um novo artigo intitulado Controle optogen\u00e9tico mostra que a revis\u00e3o cin\u00e9tica regula a atividade do receptor de c\u00e9lulas T traz novas evid\u00eancias para essa quest\u00e3o. <\/span>Weiner, ki je avtor enega od \u010dlankov, je povedal <\/span><\/span>Revija Quanta<\/span><\/span><\/a> kraljica \" <\/span><\/span>a c\u00e9lula bi lahko omogo\u010dila, da se razlike med dura\u00e7as muito, muito pequenas na dura\u00e7\u00e3o da liga\u00e7\u00e3o do receptor e amplificar isso para uma resposta celular muito maior\".<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

A chave para a sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o das c\u00e9lulas imunes \u00e9 o tempo. <\/span>As subst\u00e2ncias que se ligam aos receptores das c\u00e9lulas T por menos de cinco segundos s\u00e3o consideradas seguras, enquanto as mol\u00e9culas de liga\u00e7\u00e3o mais longa devem ser destru\u00eddas.<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Ta teorija, znana kot filmska revizija, ni nova. <\/span>Od 90. leta dalje alguns pesquisadores propuseram o tempo como chave para a identifica\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/span><\/span>No entanto, os testes da hip\u00f3tese encontraram correla\u00e7\u00f5es sugestivas entre o tempo de liga\u00e7\u00e3o e a ativa\u00e7\u00e3o das c\u00e9lulas T, exatamente como a revis\u00e3o cin\u00e9tica faria, mas esses m\u00e9todos de teste n\u00e3o conseguiram separar o efeito do tempo dos efeitos de outros fatores biof\u00edsicos, como estruturas mudan\u00e7as nas mol\u00e9culas e diferen\u00e7as na for\u00e7a de liga\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/span><\/span><\/em>Pior, os pesquisadores sabiam que muitos par\u00e2metros potencialmente importantes em jogo que eles n\u00e3o podiam medir ou sequer haviam considerado.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Novos dados optogen\u00e9ticos na sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00e9lulas imunes<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00a0Optogenetika je podro\u010dje raziskovanja, ki uporablja svetlobo za nadzor celic. <\/span>H\u00e1 cientistas usando o m\u00e9todo para controlar as intera\u00e7\u00f5es prote\u00edna-prote\u00edna em todos os tipos de estudos. <\/span>Dve opremi za raziskovanje uporabljata to tehnologijo za preu\u010devanje sinalizacije imunskih ceul, ena s sede\u017eem v Alamandiji in druga v Sao Franciscu. <\/span>Apesar das diferen\u00e7as entre esses dois estudos, os pesquisadores obtiveram resultados semelhantes: quando um evento de liga\u00e7\u00e3o durou mais de cinco segundos, a c\u00e9lula T se tornou ativa, mas n\u00e3o conseguiu faz\u00ea-lo por nada menos do que isso.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Por que isso acontece ainda n\u00e3o est\u00e1 claro. <\/span>Mas os pesquisadores t\u00eam uma dica para responder que: \" <\/span><\/span>A partir do momento em que um receptor de c\u00e9lula T se liga a uma mol\u00e9cula, uma series de etapas bioqu\u00edmicas irrevers\u00edveis precisam ocorrer antes que a c\u00e9lula seja ativada. Se a mol\u00e9cula se desprender muito cedo durante essa cascata de sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o , tudo tem que recome\u00e7ar desde o primeiro passo.\".\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Kot vedno v dru\u017ebi uma nova odzivnost spro\u017ei nova vpra\u0161anja. <\/span>Vemo ve\u010d kot prej, vendar imamo \u0161e vedno veliko neznanega vesolja, ki ga lahko raziskujemo.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"cuidado<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Os gl\u00f3bulos brancos s\u00e3o respons\u00e1veis por defender nosso corpo contra amea\u00e7as, mantendo-nos vivos. Kako te celice prepoznajo po\u0161kodbo? Dentro do corpo humano, com trilh\u00f5es de c\u00e9lulas, elas precisam ser espec\u00edficas e precisas. V nasprotnem primeru se lahko zgodi, da nas napadejo iz notranjosti. Essa responsabilidade recai sobre os ombros das c\u00e9lulas T, agentes especializados em [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":10461,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[302,361,360,299,318,354,256],"yoast_head":"\nNew scientific data: time is the immune cell response<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"One of the biggest questions on immune cell signalling is how the T cells distinguish our own healthy cells and what is harmful for us.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/signalizacija-imunskih-celic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New scientific data: time is the immune cell response\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"One of the biggest questions on immune cell signalling is how the T cells distinguish our own healthy cells and what is harmful for us.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/signalizacija-imunskih-celic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-09-23T12:21:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-10-14T14:21:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/preview129825.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1760\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"960\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fabiola Soares\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fabiola Soares\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"New scientific data: time is the immune cell response","description":"One of the biggest questions on immune cell signalling is how the T cells distinguish our own healthy cells and what is harmful for us.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/signalizacija-imunskih-celic\/","og_locale":"sl_SI","og_type":"article","og_title":"New scientific data: time is the immune cell response","og_description":"One of the biggest questions on immune cell signalling is how the T cells distinguish our own healthy cells and what is harmful for us.","og_url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/signalizacija-imunskih-celic\/","og_site_name":"Mind the Graph Blog","article_published_time":"2019-09-23T12:21:14+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-10-14T14:21:45+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1760,"height":960,"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/preview129825.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Fabiola Soares","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Fabiola Soares","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/immune-cell-signalling\/","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/immune-cell-signalling\/","name":"New scientific data: time is the immune cell response","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2019-09-23T12:21:14+00:00","dateModified":"2022-10-14T14:21:45+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/5592c012d89648325be9b0f3c3f91132"},"description":"One of the biggest questions on immune cell signalling is how the T cells distinguish our own healthy cells and what is harmful for us.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/immune-cell-signalling\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"sl-SI","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/immune-cell-signalling\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/immune-cell-signalling\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"New scientific data: Time is the answer for immune cell signalling"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/","name":"Mind the Graph Blog","description":"Your science can be beautiful!","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"sl-SI"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/5592c012d89648325be9b0f3c3f91132","name":"Fabiola Soares","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sl-SI","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7dca2c6a766aff1db898cc74c18284d8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7dca2c6a766aff1db898cc74c18284d8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Fabiola Soares"},"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/author\/fabiola\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10456"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10456"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10456\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16032,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10456\/revisions\/16032"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10461"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10456"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10456"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10456"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}