{"id":8540,"date":"2019-03-26T14:24:36","date_gmt":"2019-03-26T17:24:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=8540"},"modified":"2022-10-18T16:28:05","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T19:28:05","slug":"urinary-system-diseases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/ochorenia-mocoveho-systemu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ochorenia mo\u010dov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu: Infografika na pochopenie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mo\u010dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m spolupracuje s p\u013e\u00facami, ko\u017eou a \u010drevami na udr\u017eiavan\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hy chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tok a vody v tele. Dospel\u00ed vyl\u00fa\u010dia denne pribli\u017ene 27 a\u017e 68 tekut\u00fdch unc\u00ed (800 a\u017e 2 000 mililitrov). Tieto \u00fadaje vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z typick\u00e9ho denn\u00e9ho pr\u00edjmu 68 unc\u00ed tekut\u00edn (2 litre), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Okrem toho k \u010fal\u0161\u00edm faktorom funkcie mo\u010dovej s\u00fastavy patria aj tekutiny straten\u00e9 poten\u00edm a d\u00fdchan\u00edm. Okrem toho m\u00f4\u017eu mno\u017estvo mo\u010du, ktor\u00e9 \u010dlovek produkuje a vylu\u010duje, ovplyvni\u0165 aj niektor\u00e9 druhy liekov, napr\u00edklad diuretik\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa niekedy pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na lie\u010dbu vysok\u00e9ho krvn\u00e9ho tlaku. Niektor\u00e9 n\u00e1poje, napr\u00edklad k\u00e1va a alkohol, m\u00f4\u017eu u niektor\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed tie\u017e sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 mo\u010denie. Ke\u010f mo\u010dov\u00fd org\u00e1n predstavuje poruchu funkcie, m\u00f4\u017eu sa vyvin\u00fa\u0165 ochorenia mo\u010dov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mo\u010dov\u00fa s\u00fastavu tvoria v\u0161etky org\u00e1ny, ktor\u00e9 sa podie\u013eaj\u00fa na tvorbe a uvo\u013e\u0148ovan\u00ed mo\u010du. Tieto org\u00e1ny s\u00fa obli\u010dky, mo\u010dovody, mo\u010dov\u00fd mech\u00far a mo\u010dov\u00e1 trubica. V tomto pr\u00edspevku sa v\u0161ak zameriam na obli\u010dky, preto\u017ee s\u00fa zodpovedn\u00e9 za tvorbu mo\u010du. Preto sk\u00f4r, ako za\u010dneme hovori\u0165 o ochoreniach mo\u010dov\u00fdch ciest, pozrime sa na zdrav\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru obli\u010diek:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"896\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69786-1024x896.png\" alt=\"n\u00e1h\u013ead_69786\" class=\"wp-image-8561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69786-1024x896.png 1024w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69786-300x263.png 300w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69786-768x672.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Obli\u010dky s\u00fa dva org\u00e1ny v tvare fazule, ktor\u00e9 sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa u stavovcov. Nefr\u00f3n je \u0161truktur\u00e1lna a funk\u010dn\u00e1 jednotka obli\u010diek. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 obli\u010dka dospel\u00e9ho \u010dloveka obsahuje pribli\u017ene 1 mili\u00f3n nefr\u00f3nov. Obli\u010dky sa podie\u013eaj\u00fa na kontrole objemu r\u00f4znych telov\u00fdch tekut\u00edn, osmolality tekut\u00edn, acidob\u00e1zickej rovnov\u00e1hy, r\u00f4znych koncentr\u00e1ci\u00ed elektrolytov a odstra\u0148ovan\u00ed tox\u00ednov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-1 wp-block-buttons\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\">Vytv\u00e1rajte efekt\u00edvne vedeck\u00e9 postavy za nieko\u013eko min\u00fat<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>Ochorenia mo\u010dov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Megauretery<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>O megaureter (\"ve\u013ek\u00fd mo\u010dovod\") ide vtedy, ke\u010f je mo\u010dovod \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ako norm\u00e1lne. M\u00f4\u017ee to by\u0165 d\u00f4sledok abnormality samotn\u00e9ho mo\u010dovodu (prim\u00e1rne) alebo zablokovania mo\u010dov\u00e9ho mech\u00fara (sekund\u00e1rne). R\u00f4zne typy megaureterov s\u00fa op\u00edsan\u00e9 ni\u017e\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Prim\u00e1rny ob\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fd megaureter<\/strong><br> Tento typ sa vyskytuje vtedy, ke\u010f je mo\u010dovod v mieste vstupu do mo\u010dov\u00e9ho mech\u00fara pr\u00edli\u0161 tenk\u00fd. Tento blok sp\u00f4sobuje, \u017ee mo\u010dovod sa \u010falej roz\u0161iruje. Z\u00fa\u017eenie m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dasom po\u0161kodi\u0165 obli\u010dku. Probl\u00e9m sa d\u00e1 odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 chirurgick\u00fdm z\u00e1krokom. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby ste sledovali svojho poskytovate\u013ea zdravotnej starostlivosti, aj ke\u010f sa pr\u00edznaky zlep\u0161ia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sekund\u00e1rne megauretery<\/strong><br>\nIde o megauretery, ktor\u00e9 sa objavuj\u00fa ako d\u00f4sledok in\u00fdch zdravotn\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov. Niektor\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto zdravotn\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa megauretery, s\u00fa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>zadn\u00e9 uretr\u00e1lne chlopne (blok v mu\u017eskej mo\u010dovej trubici)<\/li><li>syndr\u00f3m slivkov\u00e9ho brucha<\/li><li>neurog\u00e9nny mo\u010dov\u00fd mech\u00far (r\u00e1z\u0161tep chrbtice, poranenie miechy at\u010f.)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69789-1024x768.png\" alt=\"n\u00e1h\u013ead_69789\" class=\"wp-image-8562\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69789-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69789-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69789-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-2 wp-block-buttons\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\">Ste pripraven\u00ed za\u010da\u0165 pracova\u0165 v Mind the Graph?<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Ochorenia obli\u010diek<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov m\u00f4\u017eu in\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 zlyhanie obli\u010diek t\u00fdm, \u017ee \u010dasom postupne sp\u00f4sobia trval\u00e9 po\u0161kodenie obli\u010diek. Preto ke\u010f s\u00fa obli\u010dky po\u0161koden\u00e9, nemusia pracova\u0165 tak dobre, ako by mali. Ak sa po\u0161kodenie na\u010falej zhor\u0161uje, u pacienta sa m\u00f4\u017ee vyvin\u00fa\u0165 chronick\u00e9 ochorenie obli\u010diek. Chronick\u00e9 ochorenie obli\u010diek po\u0161kodzuje nefr\u00f3ny pomaly po\u010das nieko\u013ek\u00fdch rokov. Zlyhanie obli\u010diek je navy\u0161e posledn\u00fdm (najz\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161\u00edm) \u0161t\u00e1diom chronick\u00e9ho ochorenia obli\u010diek. Preto sa zlyhanie obli\u010diek naz\u00fdva aj kone\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1dium ochorenia obli\u010diek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina ochoren\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu nap\u00e1da nefr\u00f3ny. Toto po\u0161kodenie m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165, \u017ee obli\u010dky nie s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 odstra\u0148ova\u0165 odpadov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. Pr\u00ed\u010dinou m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 genetick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, \u00farazy alebo lieky. Vy\u0161\u0161ie riziko ochorenia obli\u010diek m\u00e1te, ak m\u00e1te cukrovku, vysok\u00fd krvn\u00fd tlak alebo bl\u00edzkeho \u010dlena rodiny s ochoren\u00edm obli\u010diek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69819-1024x768.png\" alt=\"n\u00e1h\u013ead_69819\" class=\"wp-image-8564\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69819-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69819-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69819-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-3 wp-block-buttons\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\">Zvidite\u013enite sa pomocou funkcie Mind The Graph<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>Ako zobrazi\u0165 vedeck\u00e9 \u00fadaje pomocou kr\u00e1snych grafick\u00fdch abstraktov<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0161etky tieto \u00fadaje som vytvoril pomocou grafu mind. Ak chcete zlep\u0161i\u0165 svoju komunik\u00e1ciu v oblasti vedy, m\u00f4\u017eete na tvorbu grafick\u00fdch abstraktov pou\u017ei\u0165 aj program mind the graph. Okrem toho m\u00f4\u017eete v programe Mind the graph vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 prezent\u00e1cie a vedeck\u00e9 postery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mo\u010dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m spolupracuje s p\u013e\u00facami, ko\u017eou a \u010drevami na udr\u017eiavan\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hy chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tok a vody v tele. Dospel\u00ed vyl\u00fa\u010dia denne pribli\u017ene 27 a\u017e 68 tekut\u00fdch unc\u00ed (800 a\u017e 2 000 mililitrov). Tieto \u00fadaje vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z typick\u00e9ho denn\u00e9ho pr\u00edjmu 68 unc\u00ed tekut\u00edn (2 litre), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Okrem toho [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8568,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[193,66,958],"tags":[96,51,777],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Urinary system diseases: Infographics to understand - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The urinary system maintain the balance of chemicals and water in the body. 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