{"id":8267,"date":"2018-11-30T16:52:01","date_gmt":"2018-11-30T18:52:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=8267"},"modified":"2023-01-05T15:58:18","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T18:58:18","slug":"world-aids-day-infographic-explain-hiv-cell-pathway","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/world-aids-day-infographic-explain-hiv-cell-pathway\/","title":{"rendered":"Svetov\u00fd de\u0148 AIDS: Infografika na vysvetlenie bunkovej dr\u00e1hy HIV"},"content":{"rendered":"

Svetov\u00fd de\u0148 boja proti AIDS sa od roku 1988 pripom\u00edna ka\u017ed\u00fd rok 1. decembra. Je to medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd de\u0148 zameran\u00fd na zvy\u0161ovanie povedomia o AIDS sp\u00f4sobenom infekciou HIV a na spomienku na t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed na t\u00fato chorobu zomreli. Svetov\u00fd de\u0148 AIDS je jednou z \u00f4smich ofici\u00e1lnych celosvetov\u00fdch kampan\u00ed v oblasti verejn\u00e9ho zdravia, ktor\u00e9 si Svetov\u00e1 zdravotn\u00edcka organiz\u00e1cia (WHO) pripom\u00edna.<\/p>\n

Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pou\u010di\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed o sexu\u00e1lnej v\u00fdchove a o rozdieloch medzi v\u00edrusom HIV (v\u00edrusom \u013eudskej imunitnej nedostato\u010dnosti) a AIDS (syndr\u00f3mom z\u00edskanej imunitnej nedostato\u010dnosti). HIV je retrov\u00edrus, ktor\u00fd sp\u00f4sobuje AIDS. HIV nap\u00e1da imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

Po\u010das ochorenia sa v\u00edrusov\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e neust\u00e1le zvy\u0161uje a imunodeficiencia sa postupne zhor\u0161uje (v d\u00f4sledku klesaj\u00faceho po\u010dtu CD4), \u010d\u00edm sa HIV\/AIDS prejavuje v nieko\u013ek\u00fdch f\u00e1zach. Svetov\u00e1 zdravotn\u00edcka organiz\u00e1cia (WHO) rozdelila ochorenie HIV do 4 \u0161t\u00e1di\u00ed:<\/p>\n

F\u00e1za I<\/strong> (zn\u00e1ma aj ako prim\u00e1rna infekcia HIV): V tomto \u0161t\u00e1diu osoba nem\u00e1 \u017eiadne pr\u00edznaky a nemus\u00ed si by\u0165 vedom\u00e1, \u017ee je infikovan\u00e1.
\nF\u00e1za II<\/strong> (zn\u00e1me aj ako klinicky asymptomatick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1dium): Toto \u0161t\u00e1dium m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 8 a\u017e 10 rokov bez v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edznakov okrem opuchnut\u00fdch \u017eliaz (lymfatick\u00fdch uzl\u00edn), ur\u010dit\u00e9ho \u00fabytku hmotnosti, vredov v \u00fastach a miernych infekci\u00ed ko\u017ee a nechtov.
\nF\u00e1za III<\/strong> (zn\u00e1ma aj ako symptomatick\u00e1 infekcia HIV): V tomto \u0161t\u00e1diu je imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m v\u00fdrazne postihnut\u00fd a infikovan\u00e1 osoba za\u010d\u00edna prejavova\u0165 mnoh\u00e9 sympt\u00f3my, ako je siln\u00fd \u00fabytok hmotnosti, chronick\u00e1 hna\u010dka, pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00faca hor\u00fa\u010dka, tuberkul\u00f3za, \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 bakteri\u00e1lne infekcie (napr. z\u00e1pal p\u013e\u00fac a meningit\u00edda).
\n\u0160t\u00e1dium IV<\/strong> (zn\u00e1my aj ako AIDS): Imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m je teraz v\u00e1\u017ene po\u0161koden\u00fd a pr\u00edznaky s\u00fa e\u0161te z\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161ie. \u010clovek je teraz ve\u013emi vy\u010derpan\u00fd, m\u00e1 \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 opakuj\u00face sa bakteri\u00e1lne infekcie. V tele sa tie\u017e vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa rakovinov\u00e9 ochorenia, ako napr\u00edklad Kaposiho sark\u00f3m, a in\u00e9 infekcie, ako napr\u00edklad Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), toxoplazm\u00f3za a HIV encefalopatia.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea UNAIDS <\/a>za posledn\u00fdch 15 rokov do\u0161lo k obrovsk\u00e9mu pokroku v boji proti AIDS. V\u00fdsledky podnietili celosvetov\u00fd z\u00e1v\u00e4zok ukon\u010di\u0165 epid\u00e9miu do roku 2030:<\/p>\n

\"dsf\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ako funguje HIV<\/strong><\/h2>\n

HIV nap\u00e1da imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161peci\u00e1lnych typov bielych krviniek zn\u00e1mych ako bunky CD4. Bunky CD4 zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu pri riaden\u00ed a kontrole funkci\u00ed cel\u00e9ho imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Ke\u010f sa HIV dostane do imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, mno\u017e\u00ed sa vo vn\u00fatri buniek CD4. HIV ich v priebehu infekcie znefunk\u010d\u0148uje a zab\u00edja, a t\u00fdm nar\u00fa\u0161a ich norm\u00e1lnu funkciu.<\/p>\n

\"hiv_cd4_template\"<\/p>\n

T\u00e1to infografika bola vytvoren\u00e1 pomocou Mind the Graph. Ak chcete vidie\u0165 viac, kliknite sem<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Svetov\u00fd de\u0148 boja proti AIDS sa od roku 1988 pripom\u00edna ka\u017ed\u00fd rok 1. decembra. Je to medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd de\u0148 zameran\u00fd na zvy\u0161ovanie povedomia o AIDS sp\u00f4sobenom infekciou HIV a na spomienku na t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed na t\u00fato chorobu zomreli. Svetov\u00fd de\u0148 AIDS je jednou z \u00f4smich ofici\u00e1lnych celosvetov\u00fdch kampan\u00ed v oblasti verejn\u00e9ho zdravia, ktor\u00e9 si Svetov\u00e1 zdravotn\u00edcka organiz\u00e1cia (WHO) pripom\u00edna. Tento de\u0148 je venovan\u00fd [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8273,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[268,64,99,269,92,71,270],"yoast_head":"\nWorld AIDS day: An infographic to explain HIV cell pathway - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"World AIDS Day is meant to raise awareness of the AIDS caused by HIV infection and remember those who have died of the disease. 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