{"id":20287,"date":"2022-10-04T10:07:00","date_gmt":"2022-10-04T13:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/research-paradigm-copy\/"},"modified":"2022-11-10T19:51:11","modified_gmt":"2022-11-10T22:51:11","slug":"gender-bias-in-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/rodove-predsudky-vo-vyskume\/","title":{"rendered":"Rodov\u00e9 predsudky vo v\u00fdskume: \u010co to je a ak\u00e9 s\u00fa d\u00f4sledky?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u017deny s\u00fa v akademickom syst\u00e9me nedostato\u010dne zast\u00fapen\u00e9 ako autorky, recenzentky a redaktorky. Toto nedostato\u010dn\u00e9 zast\u00fapenie je trval\u00e9 a roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9 v mnoh\u00fdch oblastiach. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pod\u013ea nov\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia<\/a> ktor\u00e1 hodnotila 1,5 mili\u00f3na akademikov v oblasti STEM, sa rodov\u00fd rozdiel v akademickej obci a efekt za posledn\u00fdch 60 rokov nezmen\u0161il. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okrem toho, \u017ee \u017eeny s\u00fa v akademickej obci v men\u0161ine, existuje aj zna\u010dn\u00fd nepomer vo v\u00fdbere pohlavia do vzorky a dokonca aj vo v\u00fdbere v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch subjektov, \u010do m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledok androcentrick\u00fa alebo mu\u017esk\u00fa orient\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00e1 v minulosti viedla v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov k tomu, aby svoje zistenia a t\u00e9my zameriavali na mu\u017eov, a to tak vo vedeck\u00fdch v\u00fdskumoch, ako aj vo v\u00fdskume soci\u00e1lnych alebo behavior\u00e1lnych probl\u00e9mov. Tento jav sa ozna\u010duje ako Rodov\u00e9 predsudky vo v\u00fdskume<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Cez Hranice<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u010co je to rodov\u00e1 zaujatos\u0165 vo v\u00fdskume?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Rodov\u00e1 predpojatos\u0165 vo v\u00fdskume je definovan\u00e1 ako rozdielne zaobch\u00e1dzanie s mu\u017emi a \u017eenami, pri\u010dom jej vplyv je r\u00f4zny - od priazniv\u00e9ho cez \u0161kodliv\u00fd a\u017e po neutr\u00e1lny; ide o systematick\u00fd chybn\u00fd pr\u00edstup k soci\u00e1lnym koncepci\u00e1m v z\u00e1vislosti od pohlavia, ktor\u00fd mylne pova\u017euje mu\u017eov a \u017eeny za ve\u013emi podobn\u00e9 alebo dokonca \u00faplne odli\u0161n\u00e9, hoci by sa mali pova\u017eova\u0165 za rovnocenn\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pod\u013ea spr\u00e1vy z roku 2020 celosvetov\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia<\/a>, pribli\u017ene 90% v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fd druh rodovej zaujatosti vo\u010di \u017een\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely je potrebn\u00e9 zd\u00f4razni\u0165, \u017ee rodov\u00e1 necitlivos\u0165 alebo androcentrizmus m\u00f4\u017eu vies\u0165 k syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm chyb\u00e1m v dizajne a anal\u00fdze v\u00fdskumu, a to v d\u00f4sledku v\u00fdsledkov, ktor\u00e9 sa systematicky l\u00ed\u0161ia od skuto\u010dn\u00fdch hodn\u00f4t v d\u00f4sledku chybn\u00fdch alebo nedostato\u010dn\u00fdch poznatkov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A navy\u0161e, nedostatok u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed kv\u00f4li hlavn\u00fdm vybran\u00fdm t\u00e9mam v\u00fdskumu m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k nerovnak\u00e9mu pr\u00edstupu k zdravotnej starostlivosti, inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m a vedomostiam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 kr\u00e1sne infografiky pomocou Mind the Graph<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ako predplatite\u013e m\u00e1te pr\u00edstup k pr\u00edvetiv\u00e9mu rozhraniu drag-n-drop a mnoh\u00fdm dizajnov\u00fdm prostriedkom, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1m pom\u00f4\u017eu vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 kr\u00e1sne v\u00fdtvory. M\u00f4\u017eete si vybra\u0165 a upravi\u0165 pripraven\u00fa \u0161abl\u00f3nu alebo prejs\u0165 do pracovn\u00e9ho priestoru a za\u010da\u0165 tvori\u0165 od za\u010diatku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Vytv\u00e1ranie kr\u00e1snych infografik<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ako ovplyv\u0148uje rodov\u00e1 zaujatos\u0165 v\u00fdskum a diagn\u00f3zy?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Aby sme sa dostali priamo k veci, pokia\u013e ide o rodov\u00fa zaujatos\u0165, najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edm d\u00f4vodom na obavy je zdravotn\u00e1 starostlivos\u0165 o \u017eeny. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako u\u017e bolo uveden\u00e9, rodov\u00e1 predpojatos\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ee ovplyvni\u0165 v\u00fdber t\u00e9my v\u00fdskumu alebo aj v\u00fdber spr\u00e1vnych vzoriek, \u010do m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledok nedostato\u010dn\u00e9 pochopenie biol\u00f3gie \u017eensk\u00fdch druhov, okrem reproduk\u010dnej biol\u00f3gie, ke\u010f\u017ee v\u00fdskum sa \u010dasto zameriava na mu\u017esk\u00e9 bytosti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mnoh\u00ed vedci sa domnievali, \u017ee mu\u017ei s\u00fa ide\u00e1lnymi testovac\u00edmi subjektmi, preto\u017ee nemaj\u00fa men\u0161tru\u00e1ciu a nem\u00f4\u017eu otehotnie\u0165. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dobr\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom je, \u017ee mu\u017ei dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa ove\u013ea viac finan\u010dn\u00fdch prostriedkov na v\u00fdskum ischemickej choroby srdca ako \u017eeny, napriek tomu, \u017ee rizikov\u00e1 skupina \u017eien trp\u00ed ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou chorobnos\u0165ou a \u00famrtnos\u0165ou. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako d\u00f4sledok rodovej zaujatosti bola identifikovan\u00e1 aj neadekv\u00e1tna lie\u010dba sympt\u00f3mov. Lek\u00e1ri, ktor\u00ed pacientom neveria, tie\u017e obmedzuj\u00fa jednotlivcov v lie\u010dbe sympt\u00f3mov. Pod\u013ea \u0160t\u00fadia z roku 2018<\/a>, lek\u00e1ri zvy\u010dajne ozna\u010duj\u00fa mu\u017eov trpiacich chronickou boles\u0165ou ako \"stato\u010dn\u00fdch\" alebo \"stoick\u00fdch\", ale \u017eeny trpiace chronickou boles\u0165ou s\u00fa ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 ako \"emocion\u00e1lne\" alebo \"hysterick\u00e9\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V d\u00f4sledku toho doch\u00e1dza k oneskoreniu diagn\u00f3zy. Ak lek\u00e1ri nezachytia pr\u00edznaky pacienta spr\u00e1vne, m\u00f4\u017ee sa sta\u0165, \u017ee pacient str\u00e1vi roky bez stanovenia spr\u00e1vnej diagn\u00f3zy. V roku 2019 napr. \u0161t\u00fadium<\/a> zistili, \u017ee v 72% pr\u00edpadoch \u010dakali \u017eeny na diagn\u00f3zu dlh\u0161ie ako mu\u017ei, ak zoberieme do \u00favahy priemern\u00fd \u010das.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie d\u00f4sledky a faktory rodovej zaujatosti?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Rodov\u00e1 predpojatos\u0165 m\u00e1, \u017eia\u013e, vplyv nielen na zdravotn\u00fa starostlivos\u0165. M\u00e1 tie\u017e zjavn\u00fd \u0161kodliv\u00fd vplyv na politiku vl\u00e1dy a organiz\u00e1ci\u00ed, preto\u017ee maj\u00fa tendenciu prij\u00edma\u0165 politiky bez toho, aby mali dostato\u010dn\u00e9 vedomosti o tom, ako tieto politiky m\u00f4\u017eu ovplyvni\u0165 blaho \u017eien.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehovoriac o tom, \u017ee v ka\u017edej oblasti, kde maj\u00fa mu\u017ei prevahu autority a vplyvu, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 \u017eeny vystaven\u00e9 sexu\u00e1lnemu ob\u0165a\u017eovaniu alebo \u00fatoku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00fatav\u00e9 vizualiz\u00e1cie \u00fadajov pomocou Mind the Graph<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ak chcete vytvori\u0165 kvalitn\u00fd v\u00fdskum, mus\u00ed by\u0165 zrozumite\u013en\u00fd pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kto ho \u010d\u00edta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na dosiahnutie tohto vysok\u00e9ho stup\u0148a zrozumite\u013enosti by sa mali pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 vizu\u00e1lne prostriedky, ako s\u00fa infografiky alebo ilustr\u00e1cie, aby \u010ditate\u013e mohol absorbova\u0165 poznatky bez toho, aby potreboval ve\u013ea \u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u00fadajov a inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pozrite sa na Mind The Graph a zistite, ako vytvori\u0165 v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00e9 grafick\u00e9 prvky a posun\u00fa\u0165 svoju pr\u00e1cu na vy\u0161\u0161iu \u00farove\u0148.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Vytv\u00e1rajte efekt\u00edvne vedeck\u00e9 postavy za nieko\u013eko min\u00fat<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si o rodovej zaujatosti vo v\u00fdskume a o jej hlavn\u00fdch d\u00f4sledkoch v oblasti zdravotnej starostlivosti a diagnostiky.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":20295,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[554,71,250,964,775],"yoast_head":"\nGender Bias in Research: What Is It and What Are the Effects?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn about gender bias in research and what are the main consequences of it when it comes to health care and diagnosis.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/rodove-predsudky-vo-vyskume\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gender Bias in 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Jessica is an animal rights activist who enjoys reading and drinking strong coffee.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/jessica-abbadia-9b834a13b\/"],"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/author\/jessica\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20287"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20287"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20287\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20298,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20287\/revisions\/20298"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20295"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}