{"id":12274,"date":"2021-02-10T09:13:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-10T11:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=12274"},"modified":"2023-01-05T13:46:34","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T16:46:34","slug":"cannabis-and-body-pain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/sk\/konope-a-bolest-tela\/","title":{"rendered":"Konope a boles\u0165 tela"},"content":{"rendered":"

V uplynulom desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie klinick\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed priniesli pozit\u00edvne a s\u013eubn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky pri pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed liekov na b\u00e1ze konope na lie\u010dbu neuropatickej bolesti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konope sa pou\u017e\u00edva na zmiernenie bolesti pri cukrovke, chemoterapii, skler\u00f3ze multiplex, fibromyalgii, osteoartrit\u00edde a mnoh\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch ochoreniach. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zrejme existuje spojenie medzi exog\u00e9nnymi kanabinoidmi a opioidn\u00fdmi receptormi, \u010do vedie k zv\u00fd\u0161eniu analg\u00e9zie pacienta - neschopnosti c\u00edti\u0165 boles\u0165. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

U pacientov, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa lie\u010den\u00ed opioidmi spolu s liekmi na b\u00e1ze konope, sa prejavuje synergick\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok lieku, pri ktorom sa \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 opioidov zvy\u0161uje p\u00f4soben\u00edm tetrahydrokanabinolu - THC, hlavnej psychoakt\u00edvnej molekuly v rastline konope. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vedci sa na tieto v\u00fdsledky pozeraj\u00fa pozit\u00edvne vzh\u013eadom na mo\u017enos\u0165 zn\u00ed\u017eenia d\u00e1vok opioidov, \u010do povedie k lep\u0161ej kvalite \u017eivota pacientov trpiacich boles\u0165ou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Endokanabinoidn\u00fd syst\u00e9m, podobne ako in\u00e9 metabolick\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy, nie je izolovan\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom \u013eudsk\u00e9ho tela, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ovplyv\u0148ovan\u00fd in\u00fdmi sign\u00e1lnymi dr\u00e1hami, pri\u010dom jedna z nich zrejme s\u00favis\u00ed s opioidmi a ich receptormi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Opioidn\u00e9 receptory maj\u00fa okrem funkcie signaliz\u00e1cie pocitu bolesti aj \u00falohu modulova\u0165 niektor\u00e9 telesn\u00e9 funkcie, ako je tepeln\u00e1 regul\u00e1cia, hormon\u00e1lna stabilita, analgetick\u00e1 aktivita a in\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kanabinoidn\u00e9 aj opioidn\u00e9 receptory patria do skupiny G-prote\u00ednom viazan\u00fdch prote\u00ednov, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa schopnos\u0165 ovplyv\u0148ova\u0165 neurotransmisie zodpovedn\u00e9 za \u0161\u00edrenie bolesti v mozgu a mieche. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lie\u010dba pacientov s chronickou boles\u0165ou zvy\u010dajne zah\u0155\u0148a postupn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ovanie d\u00e1vok opioidov, ktor\u00e9 \u010dasto ved\u00fa k ne\u017eiaducim ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinkom, ako je sed\u00e1cia, poruchy d\u00fdchania a z\u00e1pcha. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po ur\u010ditom \u010dase sa u pacientov za\u010dne prejavova\u0165 tolerancia a rezistencia na d\u00e1vkovanie opioidov, nedosahuj\u00fa sa ich terapeutick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky, \u010do n\u00fati lek\u00e1rov opakovane zvy\u0161ova\u0165 d\u00e1vku, aby dosiahli rovnak\u00fa \u00farove\u0148 \u00fa\u013eavy od bolesti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vysok\u00e1 d\u00e1vka samotn\u00e9ho THC sa pova\u017euje za analgetick\u00fa, ale zvy\u010dajne ju sprev\u00e1dzaj\u00fa ne\u017eiaduce ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky, ako s\u00fa \u00fazkos\u0165, boles\u0165 hlavy, sucho v \u00fastach, z\u00e1vraty, euf\u00f3ria a tachykardia, zatia\u013e \u010do n\u00edzke d\u00e1vky analgetick\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok v\u00f4bec nevyvol\u00e1vaj\u00fa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V kombin\u00e1cii s opioidmi sa v\u0161ak tento \u00fa\u010dinok m\u00f4\u017ee \u00faplne zmeni\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160t\u00fadie vykonan\u00e9 na zvierac\u00edch modeloch uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee exog\u00e9nne kanabinoidy, ako je THC, m\u00f4\u017eu zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 opioidn\u00fdch liekov, ako je morf\u00edn. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee analgetick\u00e1 aktivita THC je sprostredkovan\u00e1 cez opioidn\u00e9 receptory, pri\u010dom doch\u00e1dza ku kr\u00ed\u017eovej interakcii medzi kanabinoidn\u00fdmi a opioidn\u00fdmi sign\u00e1lnymi dr\u00e1hami. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vedci zaoberaj\u00faci sa konope uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa, \u017ee pod\u00e1vanie THC m\u00f4\u017ee v tele stimulova\u0165 produkciu endog\u00e9nnych opioidn\u00fdch peptidov, ktor\u00e9 sa nakoniec via\u017eu na u\u017e zn\u00e1me opioidn\u00e9 receptory - delta a kappa - a sprostredkuj\u00fa tak \u00fa\u010dinok kanabinoidov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pri pod\u00e1van\u00ed morf\u00ednu sa aktivuje aj tret\u00ed opioidn\u00fd receptor mu. Aktiv\u00e1cia t\u00fdchto troch opioidn\u00fdch receptorov m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 vysvetlen\u00edm zv\u00fd\u0161enia \u00fa\u010dinnosti antinocicept\u00edvneho \u00fa\u010dinku - procesu analg\u00e9zie, ktor\u00fd blokuje detekciu bolestiv\u00e9ho podnetu - v porovnan\u00ed s v\u00fdsledkami lie\u010dby samotn\u00fdm morf\u00ednom alebo THC.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

A \u0161t\u00fadia uverejnen\u00e1 v roku 2004 v \u010dasopise Life Sciences<\/a> potvrdil spojenie medzi THC a morf\u00ednom inhib\u00edciou opioidn\u00e9ho receptora pomocou \u0161pecifick\u00fdch molek\u00fal. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 blokuj\u00facich molek\u00fal viedla k zn\u00ed\u017eeniu \u00fa\u010dinnosti morf\u00ednu a n\u00e1sledne k zn\u00ed\u017eeniu jeho terapeutick\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tento v\u00fdsledok potvrdzuje, ak\u00e1 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 je dostupnos\u0165 t\u00fdchto receptorov a ich aktiv\u00e1cia pre \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 lie\u010dby morf\u00ednom - a THC. \u010eal\u0161\u00ed experiment vykonan\u00fd s nalox\u00f3nom - antagonistom opioidov - zablokoval aktivitu THC v r\u00f4znych oblastiach mozgu, ako je ventr\u00e1lna tegment\u00e1lna oblas\u0165, hypotalamus a periakvedukt\u00e1lna \u0161ed\u00e1 (PAG), \u010do nazna\u010duje, \u017ee tieto oblasti s\u00fa nejak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre interakciu opioid - kanabinoid. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okrem toho sa v \u0161t\u00fadii uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee spolo\u010dn\u00e9 pod\u00e1vanie n\u00edzkych d\u00e1vok THC a morf\u00ednu my\u0161iam neviedlo k tolerancii na opioidy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1to \u0161t\u00fadia a mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie s\u00fa publikovan\u00e9 na podporu my\u0161lienky, \u017ee kanabinoidy v kombin\u00e1cii m\u00f4\u017eu zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinok opioidov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kanabinoidy zrejme m\u00f4\u017eu zmeni\u0165 aj toleranciu a n\u00e1vykovos\u0165 opioidov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dlhodob\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie opioidov sa zvy\u010dajne sp\u00e1ja so z\u00e1vislos\u0165ou pacientov, \u010do vedie k zneu\u017e\u00edvaniu l\u00e1tky, ktor\u00e1 mala p\u00f4vodne len terapeutick\u00fd \u00fa\u010del. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kombin\u00e1cia kanabinoidov a opioidov - napr\u00edklad THC a morf\u00ednu - by sa preto mohla sta\u0165 novou analgetickou strat\u00e9giou kombinovanej lie\u010dby, ktor\u00e1 by lek\u00e1rom umo\u017enila zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 vysok\u00e9 d\u00e1vky opioidov u ich pacientov a tie\u017e zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 mieru zneu\u017e\u00edvania opioidov a z\u00e1vislosti pacientov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okrem te\u00f3rie kanabinoidov stimuluj\u00facich endog\u00e9nne opioidy zost\u00e1va podrobn\u00fd mechanizmus syst\u00e9mu interakcie kanabinoidov a opioidov st\u00e1le nejasn\u00fd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hypot\u00e9za, ktor\u00e1 sa sna\u017e\u00ed vysvetli\u0165 potenci\u00e1lny mechanizmus \u00fa\u010dinku, je, \u017ee kanabinoidy mo\u017eno indukuj\u00fa synt\u00e9zu alebo uvo\u013e\u0148ovanie - oboch - opioidn\u00fdch peptidov, \u010d\u00edm sa zvy\u0161uje po\u010det aktivovan\u00fdch opioidn\u00fdch receptorov, \u010do vedie k analgetick\u00fdm hladin\u00e1m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nie je jasn\u00e9 ani to, ktor\u00e9 peptidy sa na tomto procese podie\u013eaj\u00fa, preto by bolo pre vedcov ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby plne pochopili \u0161trukt\u00faru t\u00fdchto molek\u00fal a sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm mo\u017eno kanabinoidy vyu\u017ei\u0165 na dosiahnutie analgetick\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov, okrem pomoci pri z\u00e1vislosti od opioidov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kanabinoidy v\u0161ak vo v\u0161eobecnosti vykazuj\u00fa prekvapiv\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, neust\u00e1le z\u00edskavaj\u00fa priestor medzi lek\u00e1rmi a dokazuj\u00fa svoj potenci\u00e1l ako alternat\u00edvny liek. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na to, aby vedci plne pochopili skuto\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00ednosy a mo\u017enosti liekov na b\u00e1ze konope pre \u013eudsk\u00fd organizmus a ako je mo\u017en\u00e9 najlep\u0161ie vyu\u017ei\u0165 rastlinu konope na lie\u010dbu, je potrebn\u00fdch e\u0161te nieko\u013eko \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

___<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e1\u010dila sa v\u00e1m infografika v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku? V\u0161etky ikony<\/a> pou\u017eit\u00e9 v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku - a mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie - s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii v Mind the Graph. Dostupn\u00e9 ilustr\u00e1cie si m\u00f4\u017eete pozrie\u0165 v na\u0161ej gal\u00e9ria<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Svoju infografiku nemus\u00edte za\u010d\u00edna\u0165 od nuly, pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom pon\u00fakame upravite\u013en\u00e9 \u0161abl\u00f3ny infografiky, tak\u017ee nemusia za\u010d\u00edna\u0165 od pr\u00e1zdneho pl\u00e1tna. Tu si m\u00f4\u017eete pozrie\u0165 \u0161abl\u00f3ny infografiky.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4\u017eete ma\u0165 aj seniorsk\u00e9 predplatn\u00e9 a vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 neobmedzen\u00fd po\u010det fig\u00farok, kliknite sem a za\u010dnite<\/a>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odkazy <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

BROWN, J. D.; WINTERSTEIN, A. G. Potenci\u00e1lne ne\u017eiaduce \u00fa\u010dinky liekov a liekov\u00e9 interakcie pri u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed kanabidiolu (CBD) v medic\u00edne a pre spotrebite\u013eov. Journal of Clinical Medicine, ro\u010d. 8, \u010d. 7, 8. j\u00fala 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CICHEWICZ, D. L. Synergick\u00e9 interakcie medzi kanabinoidn\u00fdmi a opioidn\u00fdmi analgetikami. Life Sciences, ro\u010d. 74, \u010d. 11, s. 1317-1324, 30. 1. 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HANEY, M.; BISAGA, A.; FOLTIN, R. W. Interakcia medzi naltrexonom a peror\u00e1lnym THC u siln\u00fdch faj\u010diarov marihuany. Psychopharmacology, v. 166, \u010d. 1, s. 77-85, 1. febr. 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KUHLEN, M. et al. \u00da\u010dinn\u00e1 lie\u010dba spasticity pomocou dronabinolu v pediatrickej paliat\u00edvnej starostlivosti. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology, ro\u010d. 20, \u010d. 6, s. 898-903, 1. 11. 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00d6TSCH, J. et al. Drug Interactions with Patient-Controlled Analgesia (Liekov\u00e9 interakcie s pacientom riadenou analg\u00e9ziou). Clinical Pharmacokinetics, ro\u010d. 41, \u010d. 1, s. 31-57, 1. 1. 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

LYNCH, M. E.; CLARK, A. J. Cannabis Reduces Opioid Dose in the Treatment of Chronic Non-Cancer Pain. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, ro\u010d. 25, \u010d. 6, s. 496-498, 1. j\u00fana 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MANZANARES, J. et al. Farmakologick\u00e9 a biochemick\u00e9 interakcie medzi opioidmi a kanabinoidmi. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, v. 20, \u010d. 7, s. 287-294, 1. j\u00fal 1999.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

WAKLEY, A. A.; CRAFT, R. M. Interakcie THC-metad\u00f3nu a THC-naltrex\u00f3nu na diskrimin\u00e1ciu, antinocicepciu a lokom\u00f3ciu u potkanov. Behavioural Pharmacology, ro\u010d. 22, \u010d. 5 a 6, s. 489-497, s\u00fabor. 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

WELCH, S. P. Interakcia kanabinoidn\u00e9ho a opioidn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu pri modul\u00e1cii nocicepcie. International Review of Psychiatry, ro\u010d. 21, \u010d. 2, s. 143-151, 1. 1. 2009.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V uplynulom desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie klinick\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed priniesli pozit\u00edvne a s\u013eubn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky pri pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed liekov na b\u00e1ze konope na lie\u010dbu neuropatickej bolesti. Pomocou konope sa lie\u010dila boles\u0165 s\u00favisiaca s cukrovkou, chemoterapiou, skler\u00f3zou multiplex, fibromyalgiou, osteoartrit\u00eddou a nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi. Zrejme existuje spojenie medzi exog\u00e9nnymi kanabinoidmi a opioidn\u00fdmi receptormi, \u010do vedie k [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12276,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[66,959,958,28],"tags":[819,51,554],"yoast_head":"\nCannabis and Body Pain - MTG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Do you want to know cannabis can impact the body pain? 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He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. 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