{"id":8936,"date":"2019-05-22T17:56:36","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T20:56:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=8936"},"modified":"2022-10-18T11:41:07","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T14:41:07","slug":"ocean-acidification-consequences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/ro\/consecintele-acidificarii-oceanelor\/","title":{"rendered":"Consecin\u021bele acidific\u0103rii oceanelor asupra animalelor marine"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dioxidul de carbon este un gaz comun prezent \u00een atmosfer\u0103. \u00cen mod normal, ciclul carbonului de pe P\u0103m\u00e2nt men\u021bine un echilibru natural al carbonului \u00een atmosfer\u0103, uscat \u0219i ocean prin \"respira\u021bia planetei\". Cu toate acestea, activit\u0103\u021bile umane, cum ar fi emisiile de combustibili fosili, rup echilibrul ciclului carbonului, provoc\u00e2nd schimb\u0103ri climatice, precum cre\u0219terea efectului de ser\u0103 \u0219i acidificarea oceanelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u0219adar, pentru a \u00een\u021belege consecin\u021bele acidific\u0103rii oceanelor, trebuie mai \u00eent\u00e2i s\u0103 recapitul\u0103m ciclul carbonului. Am scris despre asta aici1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Efectul de ser\u0103 permite via\u021ba pe P\u0103m\u00e2nt, prin re\u021binerea c\u0103ldurii \u00een atmosfer\u0103, \u00eenc\u0103lzind planeta. Am ar\u0103tat cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 aici1<\/sup>. Cu toate acestea, \u00een ciuda importan\u021bei sale, cre\u0219terea dioxidului de carbon a transformat acest lucru \u00eentr-o problem\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar nu tot dioxidul de carbon \u00een exces r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een atmosfer\u0103. Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 oceanele au absorbit o treime din tot dioxidul de carbon produs de activit\u0103\u021bile umane. \u00cendep\u0103rtarea dioxidului de carbon din atmosfer\u0103 de c\u0103tre oceane contribuie la \u00eent\u00e2rzierea extinderii schimb\u0103rilor climatice. Cu toate acestea, acest beneficiu a avut un cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00cencepe\u021bi s\u0103 utiliza\u021bi Mind The Graph chiar acum, gratuit!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Dioxidul de carbon \u0219i chimia oceanelor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Odat\u0103 dizolvat \u00een apa de mare, CO2 reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu apa (H2O) pentru a forma acid carbonic: H2CO3: CO2 + H2O \u2194 H2CO3. Acidul carbonic se dizolv\u0103 rapid pentru a forma ioni H+ (un acid) \u0219i bicarbonat, HCO3- (o baz\u0103). Apa de mare este saturat\u0103 \u00een mod natural cu o alt\u0103 baz\u0103, ionul carbonat (CO3-2) care ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca un antiacid pentru a neutraliza H+, form\u00e2nd mai mult bicarbonat. Reac\u021bia net\u0103 arat\u0103 \u00een felul urm\u0103tor: CO2 + H2O + CO3-2\u2192 2HCO3-<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"acidificarea<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Absorb\u021bia dioxidului de carbon modific\u0103 \u00een mod fundamental chimia oceanului, declan\u0219\u00e2nd reac\u021bii care fac apa de mare mai acid\u0103, fenomen numit acidificare a oceanelor. De fapt, oceanul a devenit cu aproape 30% mai acid dec\u00e2t era la \u00eenceputul erei industriale. Este o schimbare mai mare \u0219i mai rapid\u0103 dec\u00e2t cea observat\u0103 \u00een \u00eenregistr\u0103rile fosile care dateaz\u0103 de cel pu\u021bin 800.000 de ani, \u00eenainte de apari\u021bia vertebratelor \u0219i a plantelor \u00een registrele fosile.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"acidificarea<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
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Crea\u021bi figuri \u0219tiin\u021bifice eficiente \u00een c\u00e2teva minute<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ce impact va avea acidificarea oceanelor asupra vie\u021bii marine, cum ar fi pe\u0219tii, coralii \u0219i crustaceele?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce cre\u0219te concentra\u021bia de ioni de hidrogen, apa devine mai acid\u0103. \u00cen plus, ionii de carbonat devin mai pu\u021bin abunden\u021bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O parte din ionii de hidrogen \u00een plus reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu ionii de carbonat pentru a forma mai mult bicarbonat. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce carbonatul devine mai pu\u021bin abundent, aceste organisme, cum ar fi coralii \u0219i scoicile, au mai multe dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een construirea \u0219i men\u021binerea cochiliilor \u0219i scheletelor lor. Cre\u0219terea acidit\u0103\u021bii poate chiar s\u0103 determine dizolvarea unor cochilii \u0219i schelete de carbonat. Ionii de hidrogen reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu carbonatul de calciu solid \u0219i \u00eel transform\u0103 \u00een bicarbonat solubil \u0219i \u00een ioni de calciu.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Printre amestecul de plante \u0219i animale minuscule care alc\u0103tuiesc planctonul tr\u0103ie\u0219te un melc de mare micu\u021b numit pteropod. \u00cen ciuda dimensiunilor lor mici, pteropodele sunt o surs\u0103 important\u0103 de hran\u0103 pentru multe specii, inclusiv pentru pe\u0219ti, foci \u0219i balene. Dar pteropodele au cochilii delicate de carbonat de calciu care sunt vulnerabile la acidificarea oceanelor. \u00centr-o serie de experimente, cochiliile de pteropode au fost plasate \u00een ap\u0103 de mare cu pH-ul (aciditatea) preconizat pentru Oceanul Sudic p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2100. \u00cen 48 de ore, cochiliile de pteropode au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se dizolve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ob\u021bine\u021bi vizibilitate cu Mind The Graph<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Vizualizarea cercet\u0103rii dumneavoastr\u0103<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Resursele vizuale, cum ar fi infografiile \u0219i videoclipurile, reprezint\u0103 o modalitate puternic\u0103 de a comunica \u0219tiin\u021ba. Am creat toate aceste infografice folosind Mind the graph, o platform\u0103 online care permite oamenilor de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 s\u0103 creeze materiale care s\u0103 atrag\u0103 aten\u021bia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Ciclul carbonului \u0219i efectul de ser\u0103 - Un infografic \u0219tiin\u021bific.<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Dioxidul de carbon este un gaz comun prezent \u00een atmosfer\u0103. \u00cen mod normal, ciclul carbonului de pe P\u0103m\u00e2nt men\u021bine un echilibru natural al carbonului \u00een atmosfer\u0103, uscat \u0219i ocean prin \"respira\u021bia planetei\". Cu toate acestea, activit\u0103\u021bile umane, cum ar fi emisiile de combustibili fosili, rup echilibrul ciclului carbonului, cauz\u00e2nd schimb\u0103ri climatice, deoarece cre\u0219terea efectului de ser\u0103 [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8959,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[66,958],"tags":[219,51,299,311,310,554],"yoast_head":"\nConsequences of ocean acidification on marine animals - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists estimate that the oceans absorbed one-third of all the carbon dioxide produced by human activities causing ocean acidification\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/ro\/consecintele-acidificarii-oceanelor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Consequences of ocean acidification on marine animals - 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