{"id":8713,"date":"2019-04-18T18:07:31","date_gmt":"2019-04-18T21:07:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=8713"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:24:00","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:24:00","slug":"brain-damage-pig-brains-alive-hours-death","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/ro\/leziuni-cerebrale-creier-de-pig-porc-cu-ora-de-viata-moarte\/","title":{"rendered":"Leziuni cerebrale: un infografic pentru a \u00een\u021belege noua lucrare din Nature"},"content":{"rendered":"

Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 de la Universitatea Yale au \u021binut creierul de porc \u00een via\u021b\u0103 \u00een afara corpului timp de c\u00e2teva ore dup\u0103 moarte. Lucrarea Restabilirea circula\u021biei cerebrale \u0219i a func\u021biilor celulare ore post-mortem<\/strong> explic\u0103 experimentul cu ajutorul creierului de porc, care poate aduce lumin\u0103 \u00een cercetarea leziunilor cerebrale. Revista Nature\u00a0publicat <\/a>documentul la 17 aprilie.<\/p>\n

\"\u00cen cea mai mare parte a istoriei umane, moartea a fost foarte simpl\u0103\".<\/em> spune Christof Koch. Acesta este pre\u0219edintele \u0219i cercet\u0103torul \u0219ef al Institutului Allen pentru \u0218tiin\u021ba Creierului din Seattle, Washington. \"Acum, trebuie s\u0103 ne \u00eentreb\u0103m ce este ireversibil.\"\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Nu exist\u0103 nicio comunicare \u00eentre neuronii din aceste creiere, a\u0219a c\u0103 nu exista con\u0219tiin\u021b\u0103. Dar celulele erau vii - \u0219i numai acest lucru este o descoperire foarte important\u0103.<\/p>\n

\"Anterior, descoperirile au ar\u0103tat c\u0103, practic, \u00een c\u00e2teva minute, celulele sufer\u0103 un proces de moarte celular\u0103\"<\/em>\u00a0a declarat Nenad Sestan, neurologul de la Yale care a condus cercetarea, \u00een timpul unei conferin\u021be de pres\u0103. \"Ceea ce ar\u0103t\u0103m este c\u0103 procesul de moarte celular\u0103 este un proces gradual, \u00een trepte, iar unele dintre aceste procese pot fi fie am\u00e2nate, fie conservate, fie chiar inversate.\"<\/em><\/p>\n

Experimentul cu leziuni cerebrale<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Potrivit revistei Nature Magazine, cercet\u0103torii au testat c\u00e2t de bine s-au descurcat creierele pe parcursul unei perioade de \u0219ase ore. Ei au constatat c\u0103 neuronii \u0219i alte celule cerebrale au repornit func\u021biile metabolice normale, cum ar fi consumul de zah\u0103r \u0219i producerea de dioxid de carbon. De asemenea, sistemul imunitar al creierelor p\u0103rea s\u0103 func\u021bioneze. Structurile celulelor individuale \u0219i sec\u021biunile creierului au fost p\u0103strate. \u00cen schimb, celulele din creierele de control, care nu au primit solu\u021bia bogat\u0103 \u00een nutrien\u021bi \u0219i oxigen, s-au pr\u0103bu\u0219it. Iar atunci c\u00e2nd oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au aplicat electricitate la mostre de \u021besut din creierele tratate, au descoperit c\u0103 neuronii individuali puteau \u00eenc\u0103 s\u0103 transmit\u0103 un semnal.<\/p>\n

Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au creat un sistem numit BrainEx, special conceput pentru a atenua unele dintre procesele responsabile de degradarea \u021besuturilor din creierele postmortem. Sistemul presupune pomparea unei solu\u021bii numite perfuzat BEx. Solu\u021bia este un amestec brevetat de agen\u021bi de protec\u021bie, stabilizare \u0219i contrast, care ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca \u00eenlocuitori ai s\u00e2ngelui. Perfuzatul con\u021bine, de asemenea, substan\u021be chimice care opresc oxidarea \u021besutului corporal, care opre\u0219te apoptoza. De asemenea, con\u021bine un blocant al activit\u0103\u021bii neuronale, al c\u0103rui scop este dublu. Ei au pompat solu\u021bia \u00een arterele principale ale creierului izolat la temperatura normal\u0103 a corpului.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"porci\"<\/a>
Figura din articol arat\u0103 cum a fost conectat un \u00eentreg creier la dispozitivul BEx. Conectarea creierului porcin la sistemul de perfuzie s-a f\u0103cut prin linii arteriale.\u00a0<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cercet\u0103torii au folosit aproximativ 300 de capete de porc de la un abator al Departamentului de Agricultur\u0103 al SUA. Dup\u0103 ce a optimizat tehnologia, echipa a conectat 32 de creiere de porc la sistemul BrainEx. Ei au realizat conexiunea la 4 ore dup\u0103 ce porcii au fost uci\u0219i \u0219i dup\u0103 ce au scos creierele din cranii. Aceast\u0103 re\u021bea computerizat\u0103 de pompe, \u00eenc\u0103lzitoare \u0219i filtre a controlat fluxul, temperatura \u0219i o solu\u021bie de perfuzat brevetat\u0103 timp de \u0219ase ore.<\/p>\n

Un infografic pentru a \u00een\u021belege experimentul<\/strong><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"preview_77833<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Am creat infograficul folosind Mind the Graph. Dac\u0103 dori\u021bi s\u0103 folosi\u021bi ilustra\u021bii \u0219tiin\u021bifice atractive pentru a ajunge la mai multe persoane cu cercet\u0103rile dumneavoastr\u0103, pute\u021bi folosi \u0219i mind the Graph!<\/p>\n

\"previzualizare_250\"<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 de la Universitatea Yale au \u021binut creierul de porc \u00een via\u021b\u0103 \u00een afara corpului timp de c\u00e2teva ore dup\u0103 moarte. Lucrarea \"Restaurarea circula\u021biei cerebrale \u0219i a func\u021biilor celulare ore post-mortem\" explic\u0103 experimentul cu ajutorul creierului de porc, care poate aduce lumin\u0103 \u00een cercetarea leziunilor cerebrale. Revista Nature a publicat lucrarea la 17 aprilie. \"\u00cen cea mai mare parte a istoriei umane, moartea a fost foarte simpl\u0103\", [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8721,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[54,288,287,286,282,554,71,964,775,70],"yoast_head":"\nBrain damage: an infographic to understand the new Nature paper - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists from Yale University kept pig brains alive for hours after death. 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