{"id":14387,"date":"2021-08-17T17:07:19","date_gmt":"2021-08-17T20:07:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=14387"},"modified":"2024-12-05T15:52:16","modified_gmt":"2024-12-05T18:52:16","slug":"what-is-dmt-everything-researchers-know-about-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/ro\/ce-este-dmt-tot-ce-stiu-cercetatorii-stiu-despre-el\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce este DMT? Tot ce \u0219tiu cercet\u0103torii despre el"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ce este DMT?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

DMT, sau N, N-dimetiltriptamina, este o substan\u021b\u0103 natural\u0103 prezent\u0103 \u00een frunzele unei plante amazoniene numit\u0103 Psychotria Viridis<\/em>, care este folosit \u00een cadrul b\u0103uturii Ayahuasca, care produce halucina\u021bii \u0219i modific\u0103ri ale percep\u021biei, emo\u021biilor \u0219i cogni\u021biei celor care o experimenteaz\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Clasificat ca substan\u021b\u0103 alcaloid\u0103 psihoactiv\u0103, DMT a fost interzis la nivel mondial \u00een 1971 de c\u0103tre Conven\u021bia interna\u021bional\u0103 privind substan\u021bele psihotrope, consumul s\u0103u este permis \u00een practica religioas\u0103 \u0219i ritual\u0103 doar \u00een cadrul b\u0103uturii de infuzie, denumit\u0103 Ayahuasca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Cercetare<\/a>
Cercetare \u00een Galeria Mind the Graph pentru \"molecule\".<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

De\u0219i Ayahuasca exist\u0103 de mai bine de un secol, abia \u00een ultimii ani a atras aten\u021bia oamenilor de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 datorit\u0103 beneficiilor sale (\u00eenc\u0103) nedovedite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u0103utura a fost prezentat\u0103 pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi calitatea vie\u021bii \u0219i pentru a trata pacien\u021bii cu tulbur\u0103ri neurologice \u0219i emo\u021bionale, cum ar fi depresia, anxietatea \u0219i dependen\u021ba. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Ce<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ce \u0219tiu cercet\u0103torii despre DMT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Un articol publicat de Jurnal de rapoarte de tulbur\u0103ri afective<\/a> a analizat datele din sondajul Global Ayahuasca Project (GAP), la care au participat 11.912 persoane care au experimentat b\u0103utura infuzat\u0103. \u00cen cadrul sondajului, participan\u021bii care au declarat c\u0103 sufereau de depresie sau anxietate \u00eenainte de a consuma ayahuasca au declarat c\u0103 dup\u0103 experien\u021b\u0103 au observat un anumit nivel de ameliorare a simptomelor lor. Prin urmare, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii lor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rapoartele pacien\u021bilor, precum acesta, colectate de GAP, sunt \u00een cre\u0219tere \u00een ultimii ani. \u00cen ciuda faptului c\u0103 sunt ve\u0219ti bune, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i medicii au nevoie de studii fiziologice mai complete \u0219i mai detaliate pentru a \u00een\u021belege sursa acestor beneficii ale Ayahuasca. B\u0103utura din infuzie-plant\u0103 are \u00een interior mai multe substan\u021be \u0219i fiecare dintre ele poate declan\u0219a un tip diferit de r\u0103spuns \u00een corpul uman. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Printre aceste substan\u021be, una dintre ele este DMT. Aceast\u0103 substan\u021b\u0103 din Ayahuasca a atras aten\u021bia cercet\u0103torilor datorit\u0103 poten\u021bialului s\u0103u aparent de neurogenez\u0103.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ce este neurogeneza?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Neurogenesis<\/strong> este definit ca fiind procesul de transformare a celule stem neuronale<\/strong> sau progenitor<\/strong> celule \u00een noi neuroni. De asemenea, implic\u0103 multe activit\u0103\u021bi celulare diferite, inclusiv proliferarea, migrarea \u0219i diferen\u021bierea celulelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u, celule stem neuronale<\/strong> sunt capabile s\u0103 se auto-re\u00eennoiasc\u0103 \u00een mod extensiv, gener\u00e2nd noi celule ale sistemului nervos, de exemplu neuroni sau celule gliale. \u00cen cadrul creierului nostru, exist\u0103 o ni\u0219\u0103 de celule stem neuronale situat\u0103 \u00een zona subgranular\u0103<\/strong> a girusului dentat, \u00een hipocampus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hipocampul este partea din creier responsabil\u0103 pentru memoria \u0219i capacitatea de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare. Aceast\u0103 regiune a creierului face parte din sistemul limbic \u0219i are un rol important \u00een transformarea memoriei pe termen scurt \u00een amintiri pe termen lung. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen cazul bolilor neurodegenerative, cum ar fi Alzheimer, hipocampul este prima regiune care sufer\u0103, ceea ce duce la declinul memoriei. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cum afecteaz\u0103 DMT creierul?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pentru o vreme, s-a crezut c\u0103 DMT se leag\u0103 doar de receptorii de serotonin\u0103 5-HT, care produc efectele sale halucinante. Cu toate acestea, studii recente raporteaz\u0103 c\u0103 DMT se leag\u0103 \u0219i de un alt tip de receptor, un receptor neserotoninergic numit receptor sigma-1<\/strong> sau S1R<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acest receptor este larg r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit \u00een sistemul nervos central, \u00een special \u00een cortexul prefrontal \u0219i \u00een hipocampus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mai mult, cercet\u0103torii au descoperit c\u0103 prin legarea la acest receptor S1R, DMT \u00ee\u0219i pierde efectele psihoactive, neproduc\u00e2nd halucina\u021bii sau modific\u0103ri ale percep\u021biei. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cercetare in vitro \u0219i in vivo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Un studiu publicat \u00een revista Revista Translational Psychiatry Journal<\/a> \u00een 2020, s-a axat pe studierea efectelor DMT \u00een creier prin intermediul receptorului sigma-1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Folosind antagoni\u0219ti 5-HT, cercet\u0103torii au observat c\u0103 DMT stimuleaz\u0103 neurogeneza prin S1R. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen plus, datele au ar\u0103tat c\u0103 DMT nu numai c\u0103 ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca un stimulent care induce celulele stem neuronale s\u0103 se maturizeze, s\u0103 prolifereze \u0219i s\u0103 migreze in vitro, dar cre\u0219te, de asemenea, capacitatea de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u0219i de memorare in vivo. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In vitro, autorii studiului au raportat c\u0103 DMT a promovat proliferarea celulelor progenitoare neuronale din ni\u0219a neurogenic\u0103 adult\u0103 a hipocampusului. Aceast\u0103 ac\u021biune a crescut num\u0103rul \u0219i dimensiunea neurosfere<\/strong> dup\u0103 o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 de tratament cu DMT. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen plus, pe baza expresiei unor proteine specifice, cercet\u0103torii au observat, de asemenea, c\u0103 DMT a promovat diferen\u021bierea acestor celule stem neuronale. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proteinele care se g\u0103sesc exclusiv \u00een neuronii tineri \u0219i maturi, numite \u03b2-III-tubulin\u0103 \u0219i MAP-2, au avut o expresie crescut\u0103 \u00een neurosferele tratate cu DMT. Acest lucru \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 DMT promoveaz\u0103 diferen\u021bierea \u00een fenotipul neuronal. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cercet\u0103torii au observat, de asemenea, promovarea \u00een alte fenotipuri celulare, cum ar fi astrocitele \u0219i oligodendrocitele, toate prin S1R.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In vivo, DMT p\u0103rea s\u0103 activeze ni\u0219a zonei subgranulare prin S1R. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0218oarecii adul\u021bi trata\u021bi cu DMT au avut \"o proliferare \u0219i o migrare \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103 a precursorilor neuronali \u00een zona subgranular\u0103\", potrivit articolului. Acest rezultat sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 DMT are un efect modelator asupra neurogenezei hipocampusului, cresc\u00e2nd num\u0103rul de neuroni noi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Practic, \u0219oarecii adul\u021bi trata\u021bi cu DMT au prezentat rezultate mai bune la sarcinile comportamentale \u00een compara\u021bie cu cei care nu au fost trata\u021bi. Grupul tratat a prezentat rezultate de \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire \u00een sarcinile de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u0219i de memorie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"DMT<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Concluzia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Toate aceste rezultate reprezint\u0103 o veste bun\u0103 pentru comunitatea medical\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acest lucru arat\u0103 c\u0103 este posibil nu numai s\u0103 se stimuleze neurogeneza cu DMT, ci \u0219i s\u0103 se ob\u021bin\u0103 aceste rezultate f\u0103r\u0103 efectele halucinogene prin intermediul unui receptor specific. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Aceast\u0103 capacitate de a modula plasticitatea cerebral\u0103 sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 are un mare poten\u021bial terapeutic pentru o gam\u0103 larg\u0103 de tulbur\u0103ri psihiatrice \u0219i neurologice, inclusiv boli neurodegenerative\", a declarat Jos\u00e9 \u00c1ngel Morales \u00eentr-un declara\u021bie<\/a>, unul dintre autorii articolului. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceste rezultate pot influen\u021ba puternic studiile viitoare care implic\u0103 Ayahuasca \u0219i DMT. \u00cen\u021belegerea modului \u00een care se poate controla \u0219i influen\u021ba procesul de neurogenez\u0103 ar putea schimba complet modul \u00een care sunt tratate bolile neurodegenerative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu toate acestea, exist\u0103 o cerere mare de studii pentru ca oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 s\u0103 \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 pe deplin rolul unor substan\u021be precum DMT \u0219i al unor receptori promi\u021b\u0103tori, cum ar fi receptorul sigma-1, \u00een neurogenez\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cempreun\u0103 cu o perspectiv\u0103 pozitiv\u0103, acest lucru ar putea duce nu numai la noi tratamente pentru bolile neurodegenerative, ci \u0219i la o vindecare a acestora. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

__________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u021ai-a pl\u0103cut infograficul realizat cu rezultatele prezentate \u00een articolul \u0219tiin\u021bific?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceste infografice au fost realizate folosind \u0219abloane gata preg\u0103tite disponibile \u00een Mind the Graph<\/a>, aceasta unul<\/a> \u0219i asta cel\u0103lalt<\/a>. Am f\u0103cut c\u00e2teva modific\u0103ri \u0219i \u00een scurt timp a fost gata!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pute\u021bi face acela\u0219i lucru pentru munca de cercetare, nu trebuie s\u0103 \u00eencepe\u021bi de la zero. Consulta\u021bi toate \u0219abloanele<\/a> disponibil \u00een Mind the Graph<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0218i \u00eencepe\u021bi s\u0103 lucra\u021bi la infograficul dvs. chiar acum.<\/a>! <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ce este DMT? DMT, sau N, N-dimetiltriptamina, este o substan\u021b\u0103 natural\u0103 prezent\u0103 \u00een frunzele unei plante amazoniene numit\u0103 Psychotria Viridis, folosit\u0103 \u00een b\u0103utura Ayahuasca, care produce halucina\u021bii \u0219i modific\u0103ri ale percep\u021biei, emo\u021biilor \u0219i cuno\u0219tin\u021belor celor care o experimenteaz\u0103. Clasificat drept o substan\u021b\u0103 alcaloid\u0103 psihoactiv\u0103, DMT a fost interzis la nivel mondial [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":14389,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[66,959,958,28],"tags":[840,841,51,839,554,250,775,838],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is DMT? Everything Researchers Know About It - MTG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Known for its psychoactive activity, the DMT is a substance present in the ayahuasca beverage. 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