{"id":12175,"date":"2021-01-25T09:30:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-25T11:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=12175"},"modified":"2023-05-22T11:11:05","modified_gmt":"2023-05-22T14:11:05","slug":"molecular-control-knob-brain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/ro\/control-molecular-controleaza-creierul\/","title":{"rendered":"Un \"buton de control molecular\" \u00een creier care ajut\u0103 la \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u0219i memorie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fiecare ma\u0219in\u0103 are un panou de control pentru a controla diverse func\u021bii, \u00een special mecanismul de pornire \u0219i oprire. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V-a\u021bi \u00eentrebat vreodat\u0103 dac\u0103 \u0219i creierul nostru ar avea unul \u00een care s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi controlate func\u021biile creierului? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ei bine, noile cercet\u0103ri sugereaz\u0103 un \"buton molecular de volum\" care regleaz\u0103 semnalele electrice din creier \u00een procesul de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u0219i, \u00een special, \u00een cazul memoriei. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acesta ar putea fi mecanismul de comutare principal\u0103 care ar putea schimba regulile jocului pentru tulbur\u0103rile neuronale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cercet\u0103rile publicate de Michael Hoppa \u0219i echipa sa sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 reglarea semnalelor electrice ar putea juca un rol important. Studiul a gravitat \u00een jurul identific\u0103rii moleculelor care regleaz\u0103 semnalul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NO\u021aIUNEA DIN SPATELE CERCET\u0102RII<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sinapsele sunt jonc\u021biunea prin care se transmit semnalele electrice \u00eentre celulele nervoase. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceste semnale electrice sunt transformate de creier \u00een neurotransmi\u021b\u0103tori chimici care c\u0103l\u0103toresc prin spa\u021biile sinaptice. Echipa a descris modul \u00een care formele semnalelor electrice beneficiaz\u0103 de func\u021bionarea sinapselor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neuronii care sunt activa\u021bi \u00een timpul neurotransmisiei au modele diferite. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceste modific\u0103ri de form\u0103 \u0219i num\u0103r duc la \u00eent\u0103rirea sau sl\u0103birea sinapselor (cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i sub numele de plasticitate sinaptic\u0103 ). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atunci c\u00e2nd celulele cerebrale aflate la ambele capete ale sinapsei schimb\u0103 continuu semnale chimice, apare poten\u021barea pe termen lung (LTP). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 LTP \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219te semnalizarea dintre celule \u0219i sinapse \u0219i duce, de asemenea, la \u00eent\u0103rirea sinapselor. Aceast\u0103 LTP st\u0103 la baza \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103rii \u0219i a amintirilor din creier, \u00eentr-un loc numit hipocampus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cercet\u0103torii \u0219i-au concentrat studiul asupra zonei hipocampusului din creier. Ei au descoperit c\u0103 semnalele transmise prin sinapse \u00een aceast\u0103 zon\u0103 s-au dovedit a fi analoge. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Echipa a descoperit c\u0103 semnalele electrice sau \"v\u00e2rfurile\" erau transmise sub form\u0103 de semnale analogice \u0219i nu de semnale digitale. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 descoperire le-a deschis calea c\u0103tre o \u00een\u021belegere mai clar\u0103 a mecanismului. Aceste semnale analogice au facilitat reglarea puterii circuitului cerebral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De asemenea, a fost descoperit\u0103 molecula care regleaz\u0103 aceste semnale electrice. Molecula Kv\u03b21 a l\u0103rgit ac\u021biunea presinaptic\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 molecul\u0103 nu numai c\u0103 regleaz\u0103 curentul de potasiu, dar ajut\u0103 \u0219i la modelarea semnalelor electrice. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2nd au efectuat anterior experimentul, au exclus molecula Kv\u03b21 de la \u0219oareci. Cur\u00e2nd, rezultatele au ar\u0103tat o reac\u021bie opus\u0103, a existat un impact drastic asupra ciclului de somn \u0219i de memorie al \u0219oarecilor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acest lucru a confirmat ac\u021biunea pozitiv\u0103 desf\u0103\u0219urat\u0103 de molecul\u0103 \u00een sistem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen afar\u0103 de aceasta, cercet\u0103rile lor descoper\u0103, de asemenea, modul \u00een care un singur impuls electric poate transporta mai mul\u021bi bi\u021bi de informa\u021bie, ceea ce permite un control mai mare asupra semnalelor de joas\u0103 frecven\u021b\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acest lucru \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 creierul nostru este mult mai eficient dec\u00e2t ne putem imagina. Din punct de vedere tehnic, creierul nostru \u00eendepline\u0219te sarcini supercomputere\u0219ti la un nivel sc\u0103zut de semnalizare electric\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cercet\u0103rile lor au permis m\u0103surarea tensiunii \u0219i a neurotransmi\u021b\u0103torului cu ajutorul luminii care, la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u, a m\u0103surat semnalele electrice \u00een locurile de conectare sinaptic\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acest lucru a schimbat perspectiva, precum \u0219i a l\u0103rgit domeniul de cercetare \u00een domeniul regulatorilor moleculari care joac\u0103 un rol vital \u00een activitatea creierului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 descoperire deschide o cale complet nou\u0103 pentru produsele farmaceutice. Aceasta ar putea duce la descoperirea unor noi metode de administrare a medicamentelor \u00een cazul demen\u021bei sau al bolii Alzheimer. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reglatorii moleculari ar putea fi cheia utiliz\u0103rii \u00eentregii capacit\u0103\u021bi a creierului. Multe boli neurologice ar putea fi vindecate dac\u0103 se g\u0103se\u0219te calea corect\u0103 de metabolizare a creierului. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u0219a cum se spune c\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021barea nu epuizeaz\u0103 niciodat\u0103 mintea, este o putere care poate schimba lumea. Aceast\u0103 descoperire duce, f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103, la un nou nivel de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u0219i la puterea de a o p\u0103stra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a afla mai multe despre cercet\u0103rile lor , consulta\u021bi referin\u021ba dat\u0103 mai jos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Referin\u021b\u0103 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Ha Cho, Lauren C. Panzera, Morven Chin, Scott A. Alpizar, Genaro E. Olveda, Robert A. Hill, Michael B. Hoppa. Subunitatea canalului de potasiu Kv\u03b21 serve\u0219te ca un punct de control major pentru facilitarea sinaptic\u0103. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2020; 202000790<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DOI: 10.1073\/pnas.2000790117<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fiecare ma\u0219in\u0103 are un panou de control pentru a controla diverse func\u021bii, \u00een special mecanismul de pornire \u0219i oprire. V-a\u021bi \u00eentrebat vreodat\u0103 dac\u0103 \u0219i creierul nostru ar avea un astfel de panou de control al func\u021biilor creierului? Ei bine, noile cercet\u0103ri sugereaz\u0103 un \"buton molecular de volum \" care regleaz\u0103 semnalele electrice din creier \u00een \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u0219i mai ales [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12176,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[54,245,554],"yoast_head":"\nThe \u201cmolecular control knob\u201d that aids learning and memory - MTG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Read this blog to know more of how a \u201cMolecular Control Knob\u201d in the brain that aids in learning and memory.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/ro\/molekularni-nadzor-kljuc-mozgani\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The \u201cmolecular control knob\u201d that aids learning and memory - 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He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. 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