{"id":8540,"date":"2019-03-26T14:24:36","date_gmt":"2019-03-26T17:24:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=8540"},"modified":"2022-10-18T16:28:05","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T19:28:05","slug":"urinary-system-diseases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/pl\/choroby-ukladu-moczowego\/","title":{"rendered":"Choroby uk\u0142adu moczowego: Infografiki pozwalaj\u0105ce zrozumie\u0107"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Uk\u0142ad moczowy wsp\u00f3\u0142pracuje z p\u0142ucami, sk\u00f3r\u0105 i jelitami w celu utrzymania r\u00f3wnowagi substancji chemicznych i wody w organizmie. Doro\u015bli eliminuj\u0105 oko\u0142o 27 do 68 uncji p\u0142yn\u00f3w (800 do 2000 mililitr\u00f3w) dziennie. Dane te opieraj\u0105 si\u0119 na typowym dziennym spo\u017cyciu p\u0142yn\u00f3w wynosz\u0105cym 68 uncji (2 litry), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Poza tym, inne czynniki wp\u0142ywaj\u0105ce na funkcjonowanie uk\u0142adu moczowego obejmuj\u0105 utrat\u0119 p\u0142yn\u00f3w w wyniku pocenia si\u0119 i oddychania. Ponadto niekt\u00f3re rodzaje lek\u00f3w, takie jak leki moczop\u0119dne, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 czasami stosowane w leczeniu wysokiego ci\u015bnienia krwi, mog\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c wp\u0142ywa\u0107 na ilo\u015b\u0107 moczu wytwarzanego i wydalanego przez dan\u0105 osob\u0119. Niekt\u00f3re napoje, takie jak kawa i alkohol, mog\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c powodowa\u0107 zwi\u0119kszone oddawanie moczu u niekt\u00f3rych os\u00f3b. Nieprawid\u0142owe funkcjonowanie narz\u0105du moczowego mo\u017ce prowadzi\u0107 do rozwoju chor\u00f3b uk\u0142adu moczowego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uk\u0142ad moczowy sk\u0142ada si\u0119 ze wszystkich narz\u0105d\u00f3w zaanga\u017cowanych w tworzenie i uwalnianie moczu. Narz\u0105dy te to nerki, moczowody, p\u0119cherz moczowy i cewka moczowa. Jednak w tym po\u015bcie skupi\u0119 si\u0119 na nerkach, poniewa\u017c to one s\u0105 odpowiedzialne za produkcj\u0119 moczu. Dlatego zanim porozmawiamy o chorobach uk\u0142adu moczowego, przyjrzyjmy si\u0119 zdrowej strukturze nerek:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"896\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69786-1024x896.png\" alt=\"preview_69786\" class=\"wp-image-8561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69786-1024x896.png 1024w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69786-300x263.png 300w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69786-768x672.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Nerki to dwa narz\u0105dy w kszta\u0142cie fasoli wyst\u0119puj\u0105ce u kr\u0119gowc\u00f3w. Nefron jest strukturaln\u0105 i funkcjonaln\u0105 jednostk\u0105 nerki. Ka\u017cda nerka doros\u0142ego cz\u0142owieka zawiera oko\u0142o 1 miliona nefron\u00f3w. Nerki uczestnicz\u0105 w kontroli obj\u0119to\u015bci r\u00f3\u017cnych przedzia\u0142\u00f3w p\u0142yn\u00f3w ustrojowych, osmolalno\u015bci p\u0142yn\u00f3w, r\u00f3wnowagi kwasowo-zasadowej, r\u00f3\u017cnych st\u0119\u017ce\u0144 elektrolit\u00f3w i usuwania toksyn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-1 wp-block-buttons\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\">Tworzenie efektywnych figur naukowych w kilka minut<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>Choroby uk\u0142adu moczowego&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Megaureters<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>O megaureterze (\"du\u017cym moczowodzie\") m\u00f3wimy wtedy, gdy moczow\u00f3d jest szerszy ni\u017c normalnie. Mo\u017ce to wynika\u0107 z nieprawid\u0142owo\u015bci samego moczowodu (pierwotne) lub z zablokowania p\u0119cherza moczowego (wt\u00f3rne). Poni\u017cej opisano r\u00f3\u017cne rodzaje moczowod\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pierwotny niedro\u017cny megamocznik<\/strong><br> Ten typ wyst\u0119puje, gdy moczow\u00f3d jest zbyt cienki w miejscu, w kt\u00f3rym wchodzi do p\u0119cherza. Blokada ta powoduje, \u017ce moczow\u00f3d staje si\u0119 coraz szerszy. Zw\u0119\u017cenie mo\u017ce z czasem uszkodzi\u0107 nerk\u0119. Problem mo\u017cna rozwi\u0105za\u0107 chirurgicznie. Wa\u017cne jest, aby skontaktowa\u0107 si\u0119 z lekarzem, nawet je\u015bli objawy ust\u0105pi\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Megauretry wt\u00f3rne<\/strong><br>\nS\u0105 to mocz\u00f3wki prostej, kt\u00f3re pojawiaj\u0105 si\u0119 w wyniku innych problem\u00f3w zdrowotnych. Niekt\u00f3re z tych problem\u00f3w zdrowotnych powoduj\u0105cych mocz\u00f3wk\u0119 prost\u0105 to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>tylne zastawki cewki moczowej (blokada cewki moczowej u m\u0119\u017cczyzn)<\/li><li>zesp\u00f3\u0142 \u015bliwkowego brzucha<\/li><li>p\u0119cherz neurogenny (rozszczep kr\u0119gos\u0142upa, uraz rdzenia kr\u0119gowego itp.)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69789-1024x768.png\" alt=\"preview_69789\" class=\"wp-image-8562\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69789-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69789-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69789-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-2 wp-block-buttons\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\">Gotowy do rozpocz\u0119cia pracy w Mind the Graph?<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Choroby nerek<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>W wi\u0119kszo\u015bci przypadk\u00f3w inne problemy zdrowotne mog\u0105 powodowa\u0107 niewydolno\u015b\u0107 nerek, uszkadzaj\u0105c je stopniowo i z czasem. Dlatego te\u017c, gdy nerki s\u0105 uszkodzone, mog\u0105 nie dzia\u0142a\u0107 tak dobrze, jak powinny. Je\u015bli uszkodzenie b\u0119dzie si\u0119 pog\u0142\u0119bia\u0107, u pacjenta mo\u017ce rozwin\u0105\u0107 si\u0119 przewlek\u0142a choroba nerek. Przewlek\u0142a choroba nerek uszkadza nefrony powoli przez kilka lat. Co wi\u0119cej, niewydolno\u015b\u0107 nerek jest ostatnim (najci\u0119\u017cszym) stadium przewlek\u0142ej choroby nerek. Dlatego te\u017c niewydolno\u015b\u0107 nerek nazywana jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c schy\u0142kow\u0105 niewydolno\u015bci\u0105 nerek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 chor\u00f3b uk\u0142adu moczowego atakuje nefrony. Uszkodzenie to mo\u017ce spowodowa\u0107, \u017ce nerki nie b\u0119d\u0105 w stanie usuwa\u0107 odpad\u00f3w. Przyczynami mog\u0105 by\u0107 problemy genetyczne, urazy lub leki. Ryzyko wyst\u0105pienia choroby nerek jest wy\u017csze u os\u00f3b cierpi\u0105cych na cukrzyc\u0119, nadci\u015bnienie t\u0119tnicze lub u bliskich cz\u0142onk\u00f3w rodziny cierpi\u0105cych na chorob\u0119 nerek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69819-1024x768.png\" alt=\"preview_69819\" class=\"wp-image-8564\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69819-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69819-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/preview_69819-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-3 wp-block-buttons\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/science_figures\">Uzyskaj widoczno\u015b\u0107 dzi\u0119ki Mind The Graph<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>Jak przedstawia\u0107 dane naukowe za pomoc\u0105 pi\u0119knych abstrakt\u00f3w graficznych?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Wszystkie te rysunki stworzy\u0142em przy u\u017cyciu mind the graph. Je\u015bli chcesz poprawi\u0107 swoj\u0105 komunikacj\u0119 w nauce, mo\u017cesz u\u017cy\u0107 mind the graph do tworzenia graficznych streszcze\u0144. Ponadto w Mind the graph mo\u017cna tworzy\u0107 prezentacje i plakaty naukowe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uk\u0142ad moczowy wsp\u00f3\u0142pracuje z p\u0142ucami, sk\u00f3r\u0105 i jelitami w celu utrzymania r\u00f3wnowagi substancji chemicznych i wody w organizmie. Doro\u015bli eliminuj\u0105 oko\u0142o 27 do 68 uncji p\u0142yn\u00f3w (800 do 2000 mililitr\u00f3w) dziennie. Dane te opieraj\u0105 si\u0119 na typowym dziennym spo\u017cyciu p\u0142yn\u00f3w wynosz\u0105cym 68 uncji (2 litry), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Opr\u00f3cz [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8568,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[193,66,958],"tags":[96,51,777],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Urinary system diseases: Infographics to understand - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The urinary system maintain the balance of chemicals and water in the body. 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