{"id":8936,"date":"2019-05-22T17:56:36","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T20:56:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=8936"},"modified":"2022-10-18T11:41:07","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T14:41:07","slug":"ocean-acidification-consequences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/nb\/havforsuring-konsekvenser\/","title":{"rendered":"Konsekvenser av havforsuring p\u00e5 marine dyr"},"content":{"rendered":"

Carbon dioxide is a common gas present in the atmosphere. Normally, the Earth\u2019s carbon cycle maintains a natural balance of carbon in the atmosphere, land, and ocean through the \u201cbreathing of the planet\u201d. However, human activities as emission of fossil fuels are breaking the balance of carbon cycle causing climate change, as increasing the greenhouse effect and ocean acidification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00e5 for \u00e5 forst\u00e5 konsekvensene av havforsuring m\u00e5 du f\u00f8rst rekapitulere karbonsyklusen. Jeg skrev om det her1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Drivhuseffekten muliggj\u00f8r liv p\u00e5 jorden ved \u00e5 holde p\u00e5 varmen i atmosf\u00e6ren og dermed varme opp planeten. Jeg viste hvordan det fungerer her1<\/sup>. Men til tross for hvor viktig det er, har \u00f8kningen av karbondioksid gjort dette til et problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Men ikke alt overskuddet av karbondioksid blir v\u00e6rende i atmosf\u00e6ren. Forskere ansl\u00e5r at havene absorberer en tredjedel av all karbondioksid som produseres av menneskelige aktiviteter. Havets opptak av karbondioksid fra atmosf\u00e6ren bidrar til \u00e5 forsinke klimaendringene. Denne fordelen har imidlertid en pris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Begynn \u00e5 bruke Mind The Graph gratis n\u00e5!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Karbondioksid og kjemien i havet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e5r CO2 er oppl\u00f8st i sj\u00f8vann, reagerer den med vann (H2O) og danner karbonsyre: H2CO3: CO2 + H2O \u2194 H2CO3. Kullsyre l\u00f8ses raskt opp og danner H+-ioner (en syre) og bikarbonat, HCO3- (en base). Sj\u00f8vann er naturlig mettet med en annen base, karbonation (CO3-2), som fungerer som et syren\u00f8ytraliserende middel som n\u00f8ytraliserer H+ og danner mer bikarbonat. Nettoreaksjonen ser slik ut: CO2 + H2O + CO3-2\u2192 2HCO3-<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"havforsuring<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Opptaket av karbondioksid endrer havets kjemi fundamentalt ved \u00e5 utl\u00f8se reaksjoner som gj\u00f8r havvannet surere, et fenomen som kalles havforsuring. Faktisk har havet blitt nesten 30 prosent surere enn det var i begynnelsen av den industrielle epoken. Det er en st\u00f8rre og raskere endring enn man har sett i fossile spor fra minst 800 000 \u00e5r tilbake i tid, f\u00f8r virveldyr og planter dukket opp i de fossile sporene.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"havforsuring\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
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Lag effektive vitenskapelige figurer p\u00e5 f\u00e5 minutter<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Hvordan vil havforsuringen p\u00e5virke livet i havet, for eksempel fisk, koraller og skalldyr?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e5r konsentrasjonen av hydrogenioner \u00f8ker, blir vannet surere. Dessuten blir det mindre karbonationer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Noen av de ekstra hydrogenionene reagerer med karbonationer og danner mer bikarbonat. N\u00e5r det blir mindre karbonat, f\u00e5r disse organismene, for eksempel koraller og muslinger, vanskeligere for \u00e5 bygge og vedlikeholde skall og skjelett. \u00d8kt surhet kan til og med f\u00f8re til at noen karbonatskjell og -skjeletter g\u00e5r i oppl\u00f8sning. Hydrogenioner reagerer med det faste kalsiumkarbonatet og omdanner det til l\u00f8selig bikarbonat og kalsiumioner.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Blant blandingen av bittesm\u00e5 planter og dyr som utgj\u00f8r planktonet, lever en liten havsnegl som kalles pteropod. Selv om de er sm\u00e5, er de en viktig matkilde for mange arter, blant annet fisk, sel og hval. Men pteropoder har skj\u00f8re kalsiumkarbonatskall som er s\u00e5rbare for havforsuring. I en serie eksperimenter ble pteropod-skjell plassert i sj\u00f8vann med den pH-verdien (surhetsgraden) som forventes i S\u00f8rishavet innen 2100. I l\u00f8pet av 48 timer begynte skjellene \u00e5 g\u00e5 i oppl\u00f8sning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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F\u00e5 synlighet med Mind The Graph<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Visualisering av forskningen din<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Visuelle ressurser som infografikk og videoer er en effektiv m\u00e5te \u00e5 formidle vitenskap p\u00e5. Jeg har laget alle disse infografikkene ved hjelp av Mind the graph, en nettbasert plattform som gj\u00f8r det mulig for forskere \u00e5 lage i\u00f8ynefallende materiale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Karbonsyklus og drivhuseffekt - en vitenskapelig infografikk.<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Karbondioksid er en vanlig gass i atmosf\u00e6ren. Normalt opprettholder jordens karbonsyklus en naturlig balanse mellom karbon i atmosf\u00e6ren, land og hav gjennom \"planetens \u00e5ndedrett\". Menneskelige aktiviteter, som utslipp av fossilt brensel, bryter imidlertid balansen i karbonsyklusen og f\u00f8rer til klimaendringer, ettersom \u00f8kningen i drivhusgasser [...].<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8959,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[66,958],"tags":[219,51,299,311,310,554],"yoast_head":"\nConsequences of ocean acidification on marine animals - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists estimate that the oceans absorbed one-third of all the carbon dioxide produced by human activities causing ocean acidification\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/nb\/havforsuring-konsekvenser\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"nb_NO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Consequences of ocean acidification on marine animals - 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