{"id":13152,"date":"2021-07-19T19:11:20","date_gmt":"2021-07-19T22:11:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=13152"},"modified":"2023-01-05T14:31:40","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T17:31:40","slug":"cannabis-bioavailability-all-you-need-to-know","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/cannabis-bioavailability-all-you-you-need-to-know\/","title":{"rendered":"Ka\u0146epju biopieejam\u012bba: viss, kas jums j\u0101zina"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ja v\u0113laties uzzin\u0101t, ko zin\u0101tne saka par ka\u0146epju biopieejam\u012bbu un P450 citohroma kanabino\u012bdu metabolismu, \u0161is raksts ir dom\u0101ts jums.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lai gan par z\u0101l\u0113m, kuru pamat\u0101 ir ka\u0146epes, nav daudz datu, p\u0113t\u012bjumi jau ir \u013c\u0101vu\u0161i zin\u0101tniekiem prognoz\u0113t efektivit\u0101ti, dro\u0161\u012bbu un z\u0101\u013cu mijiedarb\u012bbu. Un, lai gan nav daudz p\u0101rliecino\u0161u rezult\u0101tu par \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anu ar kanabino\u012bdiem vai pa\u0161iem kanabino\u012bdiem, p\u0113t\u012bjumos ir konstat\u0113ti p\u0101rliecino\u0161i pozit\u012bvi rezult\u0101ti par pacientiem, kuriem uzlabojusies dz\u012bves kvalit\u0101te. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peror\u0101li lietoto z\u0101\u013cu pirmais solis ir to metabolisms, ko veic m\u016bsu organisma fermenti, un tas ir svar\u012bgs solis, kas tie\u0161i ietekm\u0113 z\u0101\u013cu terapeitisko iedarb\u012bbu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0101rbaudiet Mind the Graph Galerija<\/a> ilustr\u0101cijas, kas saist\u012btas ar \u0161\u012b bloga ieraksta t\u0113mu. Noklik\u0161\u0137iniet uz att\u0113la zem\u0101k!<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"graph<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Citohromi P450: Enz\u012bmu super\u0123imene <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Enz\u012bmu super\u0123imene, ko sauc par Citohromi P450<\/em><\/strong> - jeb CYPs - t\u0101 ir enz\u012bmu grupa, kas atbild par daudzu da\u017e\u0101du z\u0101\u013cu, tostarp z\u0101\u013cu, kuru pamat\u0101 ir ka\u0146epes, I f\u0101zes metabolismu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160ie fermenti galvenok\u0101rt atrodas akn\u0101s, k\u0101 ar\u012b nier\u0113s, \u0101d\u0101, ku\u0146\u0123a un zarnu trakt\u0101 un pat plau\u0161\u0101s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

CYPs enz\u012bmi darbojas, biop\u0101rveidojoties, oksid\u0113jot z\u0101\u013cu akt\u012bvo vietu.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Otra noz\u012bm\u012bga enz\u012bmu grupa ir ar\u012b UGTs<\/strong>, kas ir \u012bss nosaukums urid\u012bns 5<\/em>\u2032-Difosfo<\/em>–glikuronosiltransfer\u0101ze<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tie ir atbild\u012bgi par II f\u0101zes metabolismu, citiem v\u0101rdiem sakot, \u0161ie fermenti veic struktur\u0101las izmai\u0146as viel\u0101s, kas \u013cauj t\u0101m viegl\u0101k izdal\u012bties ar ur\u012bnu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Turkl\u0101t \u0161\u012bs divas enz\u012bmu grupas var tikt pak\u013cautas diviem da\u017e\u0101diem meh\u0101nismiem, kas ietekm\u0113 to aktivit\u0101ti, t\u0101s var tikt inhib\u0113tas vai induc\u0113tas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fermentu inhib\u012bcija<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Enz\u012bmu inhib\u012bcija rodas, ja vienlaic\u012bgi tiek lietotas divas z\u0101les, kur\u0101m ir viens un tas pats metabolisma ce\u013c\u0161 un kuru uzs\u016bk\u0161anai sec\u012bgi nepiecie\u0161ams viens un tas pats enz\u012bms. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di divas da\u017e\u0101das z\u0101les konkur\u0113 par vienu un to pa\u0161u fermenta vietu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tas ir t\u0101pat k\u0101 tad, kad aizejat uz veikalu, kas pilns ar cilv\u0113kiem - retrospekcija pirms covid - un vis\u0101 veikal\u0101 ir pieejams tikai viens p\u0101rdev\u0113js, kas var pal\u012bdz\u0113t ikvienam. Vai varat iedom\u0101ties, cik gr\u016bti b\u016btu piesaist\u012bt vi\u0146as\/vi\u0146a uzman\u012bbu, vai ne? Galu gal\u0101 da\u017ei klienti atteiktos, bet citi gaid\u012btu rind\u0101, lai aprun\u0101tos ar pal\u012bgu. Tagad nomainiet veikala p\u0101rdev\u0113ju pret fermentiem un klientus pret narkotiskaj\u0101m viel\u0101m, un veikala p\u0101rdev\u0113ja uzman\u012bba ir pieejama fermentu viet\u0101. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nu, es esmu komand\u0101 \"padoties un aiziet\", bet enz\u012bmu pasaul\u0113 \u0161\u012b komanda neeksist\u0113, un visas vielas \"gaida, kad tiks apmekl\u0113tas\", un t\u0101p\u0113c visas narkotisk\u0101s vielas st\u0101v un gaida n\u0101kamo pieejamo fermentu vietu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Galu gal\u0101 inhib\u012bcijas iedarb\u012bba var izrais\u012bt toksisku uzkr\u0101\u0161anos, jo palielin\u0101s z\u0101\u013cu koncentr\u0101cija pacientu asins plazm\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Viens no piem\u0113riem var\u0113tu b\u016bt UGTs enz\u012bmu inhib\u012bcija, kas izraisa z\u0101\u013cu izvad\u012b\u0161anas samazin\u0101\u0161anos, izraisot to uzkr\u0101\u0161anos organism\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lai notiktu inhib\u012bcijas process, vienai no div\u0101m z\u0101l\u0113m j\u0101b\u016bt inhibitoram, domin\u0113jot vis\u0101s fermenta viet\u0101s un padarot fermenta vietas nepieejamas otrai z\u0101l\u0113m, lai t\u0101s var\u0113tu saist\u012bties. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di inhib\u0113t\u0101s z\u0101les uzs\u016bk\u0161an\u0101s \u0101trums samazin\u0101s l\u012bdz \u013coti zemam l\u012bmenim, l\u012bdz ar to z\u0101les \"iestr\u0113gst\" asins plazm\u0101, palielinot to biopieejam\u012bbu l\u012bdz toksiskam l\u012bmenim.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fermentu indukcija <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

No otras puses, fermentu indukcijas proces\u0101 notiek pret\u0113jais. Viens medikaments pa\u0101trina enz\u012bma sp\u0113ju absorb\u0113t otru medikamentu, palielinot absorbcijas \u0101trumu, l\u012bdz ar to samazin\u0101s z\u0101\u013cu biopieejam\u012bba asins plazm\u0101. Tas var izrais\u012bt z\u0101\u013cu terapeitisk\u0101 efekta zudumu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Da\u017e\u0101m z\u0101l\u0113m ir divi vai vair\u0101ki metabolisma ce\u013ci, kas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka ir iesp\u0113jama divu vai vair\u0101ku enz\u012bmu mijiedarb\u012bba ar z\u0101l\u0113m. Tom\u0113r tas nenoz\u012bm\u0113, ka z\u0101\u013cu mijiedarb\u012bba nevar rasties ar\u012b tad, ja divas vai vair\u0101kas z\u0101les tiek lietotas kop\u0101. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Papildus citu medikamentu kl\u0101tb\u016btnei z\u0101\u013cu uzs\u016bk\u0161an\u0101s \u0101trumu var main\u012bt ar\u012b \u0123en\u0113tisk\u0101s vari\u0101cijas, slim\u012bbas, vecums un dzimums. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tirg\u016b pieejam\u0101s z\u0101les uz ka\u0146epju b\u0101zes<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u016bsdien\u0101s var teikt, ka tirg\u016b ir pieejami divu veidu uz ka\u0146ep\u0113m balst\u012bti medikamenti, no kuriem viens satur visas augu sast\u0101vda\u013cas, piem\u0113ram, kanabino\u012bdus, flavono\u012bdus, terp\u0113nus un citus savienojumus. pilna spektra,<\/strong> bet otra veida sast\u0101v\u0101 ir tikai viena izol\u0113ta sast\u0101vda\u013ca, piem\u0113ram, CBD. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Protams, ir ar\u012b citi varianti, piem\u0113ram, t\u0101di, kuru sast\u0101v\u0101 ir CBD: THC noteikt\u0101s proporcij\u0101s, un citas, kur\u0101s CBD nav piln\u012bb\u0101 izol\u0113ts no cit\u0101m augu sast\u0101vda\u013c\u0101m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

CBD ir visbie\u017e\u0101k sastopamais kanabino\u012bdu p\u0113t\u012bjumu m\u0113r\u0137is, t\u0101p\u0113c par \u0161o kanabino\u012bdu ir pieejams vair\u0101k inform\u0101cijas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Liela da\u013ca public\u0113to p\u0113t\u012bjumu zi\u0146o par pacientu st\u0101vok\u013ca uzlabo\u0161anos p\u0113c CBD terapijas, bet neliela da\u013ca p\u0113t\u012bjumu apgalvo, ka rezult\u0101ti nav p\u0101rliecino\u0161i, un da\u013ca pat zi\u0146o par pacienta st\u0101vok\u013ca pasliktin\u0101\u0161anos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Da\u017ei no pacientu simptomiem un st\u0101vok\u013ciem, kas uzlabojas ar CBD \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anu, ir krampji, s\u0101pes, v\u0113zis, iekaisums, trauksme, neirode\u0123ener\u0101cija, multipl\u0101 skleroze, depresija un daudzi citi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ar kanabino\u012bdiem saist\u012bt\u0101s P450 izoformas<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jau ir zin\u0101ms, ka CBD metabolismu veic divi galvenie P450 saimes fermenti - CYP3A4 un CYP2C19 izoformas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101pat k\u0101 jebkuras citas z\u0101les, ar\u012b CBD biopieejam\u012bba ir jut\u012bga pret izmai\u0146\u0101m, ja t\u0101 tiek pak\u013cauta inhibitoru vai induktoru iedarb\u012bbai. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Turkl\u0101t CBD metaboliz\u0113 ar\u012b izoformas 3A4, 2C9, 2C19, 1A2, 2C8, 2B6 un 2E1, bet daudz maz\u0101k. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di CBD var darboties k\u0101 inhibitors un\/vai inhib\u0113ts. Da\u017ei no enz\u012bmiem, kurus, k\u0101 zi\u0146ots, inhib\u0113 CBD, ir CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2C9 un CYP2C8. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

UGT saim\u0113 CBD var inhib\u0113t enz\u012bmus UGT1A9 un UGT2B7. Pat da\u017ei CBD metabol\u012bti var darboties k\u0101 inhibitori.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lai gan nav daudz inform\u0101cijas par THC kav\u0113 vai izraisa darb\u012bbu, ir zin\u0101ms, ka attiec\u012bgo kanabino\u012bdu metaboliz\u0113 enz\u012bmi CYP2C9 un CYP3A4. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101p\u0113c cilv\u0113ki, kuru \u0123en\u0113tiskajam profilam rakstur\u012bga zema vai nepietiekama \u0161o enz\u012bmu sint\u0113ze, ir uz\u0146\u0113m\u012bgi pret THC biopieejam\u012bbu, kas ir tr\u012bs reizes augst\u0101ka par norm\u0101lu l\u012bmeni, un tiem ir daudzaugst\u0101ks'<\/em> THC pieredze - got it the pun? - Tas attiecas ar\u012b uz CBD iedarb\u012bbu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Infografika,<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pareiz\u0101s devas izv\u0113le <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Visbeidzot, lai gan ka\u0146epju zin\u0101tnieki apstiprina, ka CBD pal\u012bdz pacientiem, kas nodarbojas ar trauksmi, r\u016bp\u012bgi j\u0101skat\u0101s uz izv\u0113l\u0113to devu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ac\u012bmredzot CBD var b\u016bt bif\u0101ziska iedarb\u012bba, kas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka maz\u0101s dev\u0101s CBD patie\u0161\u0101m ir anksiol\u012btiska iedarb\u012bba, samazinot trauksmes l\u012bmeni. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tom\u0113r p\u0113c noteikta daudzuma kanabino\u012bdam ir pavisam cita iedarb\u012bba. Lielas CBD devas var izrais\u012bt pret\u0113ju efektu un k\u013c\u016bt anksiog\u0113nas, palielinot trauksmes l\u012bmeni. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101p\u0113c, lai pan\u0101ktu vislab\u0101ko terapeitisko iedarb\u012bbu, ir svar\u012bgi atrast pareizo devu katra pacienta vajadz\u012bb\u0101m, izp\u0113tot augu sniegt\u0101s iesp\u0113jas bez nopietn\u0101m blakuspar\u0101d\u012bb\u0101m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nepareiza devas izv\u0113le var izrais\u012bt t\u0101das blakuspar\u0101d\u012bbas k\u0101 sed\u0101cija, miegain\u012bba, caureja un apet\u012btes samazin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas attiecas uz blakuspar\u0101d\u012bb\u0101m, p\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101, ko public\u0113ja \"Clinical Medicine Journal\", aprakst\u012bts saraksts ar vis\u0101m blakuspar\u0101d\u012bb\u0101m, kas nov\u0113rotas pacientu grup\u0101, un cita inform\u0101cija no kl\u012bniskiem p\u0113t\u012bjumiem. Varat apskat\u012bt public\u0113to rakstu \u0161eit<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uz ka\u0146epju b\u0101zes izstr\u0101d\u0101ti medikamenti, t\u0101pat k\u0101 jebkuras citas z\u0101les, kas liecina par potenci\u0101lu ar maz\u0101ku risku, ir j\u0101pie\u0146em pacientiem, kuriem seko specializ\u0113ti speci\u0101listi, kas sp\u0113j sniegt pacientiem visu nepiecie\u0161amo inform\u0101ciju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kop\u0101 uzlabosim komunik\u0101ciju par z\u0101l\u0113m, kuru pamat\u0101 ir ka\u0146epes, un atbalst\u012bsim \u0101rstus, lai izmantotu augu k\u0101 alternat\u012bvu vesel\u012bgu un dro\u0161\u0101ku \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu izstr\u0101d\u0113 ikvienam. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vai jums patika \u0161\u012b zi\u0146a? Vai v\u0113laties las\u012bt vair\u0101k rakstu par ka\u0146ep\u0113m? Skatiet citus m\u016bsu rakstus par ka\u0146ep\u0113m Mind the Grap blog\u0101:<\/p>\n\n\n\n