{"id":12100,"date":"2020-12-30T09:30:00","date_gmt":"2020-12-30T11:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=12100"},"modified":"2023-01-05T15:13:37","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T18:13:37","slug":"nerve-impulse-the-synapse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/nervu-impulsu-sinapse\/","title":{"rendered":"Nervu impulss 2. DA\u013bA - Sinaps\u0113"},"content":{"rendered":"

Visas nervu sist\u0113mas pamat\u0101 ir darb\u012bbas potenci\u0101li <\/strong>un sinapses<\/strong> lai p\u0101rraid\u012btu inform\u0101ciju vis\u0101 \u0137ermen\u012b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neironi ir \u0161\u016bnas, kas specializ\u0113ju\u0161\u0101s elektrisko vai \u0137\u012bmisko sign\u0101lu p\u0101rraid\u012b\u0161an\u0101 uz citu neironu pa prec\u012bzi noteiktu ce\u013cu l\u012bdz m\u0113r\u0137a \u0161\u016bnai. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160is raksts ir otr\u0101 da\u013ca no div\u0101m, kur\u0101s aprakst\u012bts, k\u0101 \u0161\u012b apbr\u012bnojam\u0101 un sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101 sist\u0113ma sp\u0113j p\u0101rvald\u012bt gandr\u012bz visu m\u016bsu organism\u0101. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tagad m\u0113s p\u0101rrun\u0101sim sinapses plaisu - telpu starp diviem neironiem, v\u0113l vienu re\u0123ionu, kas ar\u012b ir atbild\u012bgs par nervu impulsa p\u0101rraid\u012b\u0161anu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nosaukums <\/em>sinapses<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>c\u0113lies no grie\u0137u valodas sinapsis<\/em>, kas noz\u012bm\u0113. \"savienojums\"<\/em><\/strong>. Zin\u0101tniekiem v\u0113stures gait\u0101 bija gr\u016bti atrast terminu, kas var\u0113tu izskaidrot \"<\/em>divu atsevi\u0161\u0137u elementu savieno\u0161ana<\/em><\/strong>\"<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Da\u017e\u0101s vec\u0101s publik\u0101cij\u0101s par sinaps\u0113m m\u0113dz run\u0101t ar\u012b k\u0101 par krustojumi<\/em><\/strong>. \u0160odien sinapses<\/em><\/strong> t\u0101 sauc strukt\u016bru, kas atbild par sign\u0101la p\u0101rs\u016bt\u012b\u0161anu citam neironam sinapses \u0161\u0137\u0113lum\u0101. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visa sinapses darb\u012bba notiek sinaptisk\u0101 klozet\u0101, neliel\u0101 viet\u0101 starp div\u0101m da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m \u0161\u016bn\u0101m, kas atrodas blakus viena otrai. pre-sinaptiskais<\/strong> \u0161\u016bnu un pozit\u012bvo sinaptisko \u0161\u016bnu. <\/strong>  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Liel\u0101koties divi neironi ir savienoti caur viena neirona - presinaptic neirona, kas nodod sign\u0101lu, - aksona termin\u0101lu ar n\u0101kam\u0101 neirona - possynaptic neirona - dendr\u012btu, kas var b\u016bt vai nu m\u0113r\u0137a \u0161\u016bna, vai n\u0101kamais neirons, kur\u0161 nodod sign\u0101lu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Telp\u0101 starp \u0161\u016bn\u0101m - sinapses spraug\u0101 - vienlaic\u012bgi notiek milz\u012bga inform\u0101cijas pl\u016bsma, un par \u0161o inform\u0101cijas nes\u0113ju atbr\u012bvo\u0161anas un ra\u017eo\u0161anas kontroli ir atbild\u012bgs liels molekul\u0101rs meh\u0101nisms, \u0161\u012bs molekulas sauc par neirotransmiteriem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ta\u010du neironi neveic visu darbu vieni, tiem blakus ir \u012bpa\u0161a veida \u0161\u016bnas, kuru uzdevums ir atbalst\u012bt neiromediatoru regul\u0101ciju. \u0160\u012bs \u0161\u016bnas ir astroc\u012bti<\/strong>; t\u0101s ir gli\u0101lo \u0161\u016bnu veids.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Glias<\/strong> tiek klasific\u0113tas k\u0101 neiron\u0101l\u0101s \u0161\u016bnas - t\u0101s nep\u0101rn\u0113s\u0101 vai nerada nek\u0101da veida nervu impulsus vai sign\u0101lus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u012bm \u0161\u016bn\u0101m ir daudz pien\u0101kumu, un tie visi ir saist\u012bti ar neironu vajadz\u012bb\u0101m, l\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 24\/7 pal\u012bgam. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101s ir sastopamas vis\u0101 centr\u0101laj\u0101 un perif\u0113raj\u0101 nervu sist\u0113m\u0101. Kopum\u0101 t\u0101s nodro\u0161ina atbalstu, aizsardz\u012bbu un baro neironu ar bar\u012bbas viel\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101 jau min\u0113ts iepriek\u0161, neironi ir specializ\u0113tas \u0161\u016bnas, kas ir atbild\u012bgas par elektrisko vai \u0137\u012bmisko sign\u0101lu p\u0101rraidi. Katram no \u0161iem sign\u0101liem ir noteikta sign\u0101la nodo\u0161anas metode. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0136\u012bmiskaj\u0101 sinaps\u0113 iesaist\u012btais presinaptiskais neirons sp\u0113j p\u0101rraid\u012bt inform\u0101ciju ne tikai neironiem, bet ar\u012b musku\u013ciem un dziedzeriem, kas notiek ar darb\u012bbas potenci\u0101la pal\u012bdz\u012bbu, kur\u0161 ce\u013co pa visu neironu, sasniedz aksona termin\u0101lu un p\u0113c tam nodod sign\u0101lu uz sprieguma kontrol\u0113tiem kalcija kan\u0101liem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Depolariz\u0101cija padara \u0161os kan\u0101lus akt\u012bvus, atverot kan\u0101lus kalcija (Ca+2) iek\u013c\u016b\u0161anai neirona iek\u0161ien\u0113. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kalcija piepl\u016bdums \u0161\u016bn\u0101 dod sign\u0101lu sinaptiskajai vezikulai, kas sinaptisk\u0101 plaisi\u0146\u0101 atbr\u012bvo neirotransmiterus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kad \u0161ie neiromediatori ir non\u0101ku\u0161i sinaptisk\u0101 \u0161\u0137elm\u0113, tie dodas uz pozit\u012bv\u0101 neirona neiromediatoru receptoriem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di, turpinot nervu impulsu, atk\u0101rtojot procesu dendr\u012btos, tad kodol\u0101, nok\u013c\u016bstot akson\u0101, kur notiek darb\u012bbas potenci\u0101ls. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kad nervu impulss sasniedz m\u0113r\u0137a \u0161\u016bnu, pozit\u012bvi sinaptiskaj\u0101 neiron\u0101 var rasties divu veidu reakcijas - vai nu uzbudino\u0161a, vai nom\u0101co\u0161a reakcija.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Otra, elektrisk\u0101 sinaps\u0113, notiek daudz \u0101tr\u0101k nek\u0101 \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101 sinaps\u0113, jo t\u0101 sast\u0101v no maz\u0101k sign\u0101la p\u0101rraides posmiem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elektrisk\u0101 str\u0101va tiek p\u0101rraid\u012bta pa kan\u0101liem, ko sauc par spraugas krustojumi<\/strong>, kas atrodas ab\u0101s \u0161\u016bn\u0101s un savieno presinaptic ar pos-sinaptic neironiem.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160ie kan\u0101li sp\u0113j p\u0101rraid\u012bt elektrisko str\u0101vu bez neirotransmiteru iesaist\u012b\u0161anas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interesanti, ka sinapses procesam nav oblig\u0101ti katru reizi j\u0101savieno t\u0101s pa\u0161as neirona da\u013cas, piem\u0113ram, aksona termin\u0101ls un dendr\u012bti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ir vair\u0101k nervu impulsu p\u0101rraides meh\u0101nismu nek\u0101 \u0161is. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pirmssinaptisko \u0161\u016bnu aksona termin\u0101li var b\u016bt tie\u0161i savienoti ar asinsrites, neirona aksonu vai pat ar citu aksona termin\u0101li. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101s var b\u016bt ar\u012b savienotas ar neirona dendr\u012bta mugurkaulu vai pat bez savienojuma, lai atbr\u012bvotu neirotransmiterus ekstracelul\u0101raj\u0101 vid\u0113. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atkar\u012bb\u0101 no inform\u0101cijas veida, kas tiek p\u0101rnesta, ir j\u0101atbr\u012bvo neirotransmitera veids, tie var b\u016bt no glutamater\u0123isk\u0101s, GABAergisk\u0101s, hol\u012bner\u0123isk\u0101s, adrener\u0123isk\u0101s grupas ar uzbudino\u0161u vai nom\u0101co\u0161u darb\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neiromediatoru regul\u0101cija ir \u013coti delik\u0101ta m\u016bsu organisma sist\u0113ma. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daudzu zin\u0101tnieku veiktie p\u0113t\u012bjumi liecina, ka viens neregul\u0113ts neiromediators var ietekm\u0113t ne vienu, bet daudzas smadze\u0146u darb\u012bbas, piem\u0113ram, garast\u0101vokli, humoru, miegu, apet\u012bti, \u0137erme\u0146a temperat\u016bru, bailes, k\u0101 ar\u012b gar\u012bg\u0101s slim\u012bbas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Piem\u0113ram, Parkinsona slim\u012bba un \u0161izofr\u0113nija, kas m\u016bsdien\u0101s tiek d\u0113v\u0113tas par ne\u0101rst\u0113jam\u0101m slim\u012bb\u0101m, ir saist\u012btas ar neirotransmitera dopam\u012bna disfunkciju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kopum\u0101 nervu impulss ir tas, kas atbild par komunik\u0101ciju un visas inform\u0101cijas p\u0101rnesi vis\u0101 organism\u0101. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neliela probl\u0113ma vai trauc\u0113jumi var izrais\u012bt lielas sekas un slim\u012bbas. Zin\u0101tnieki joproj\u0101m mekl\u0113 atbildes, lai piln\u012bb\u0101 izprastu \u0161o sare\u017e\u0123\u012bto t\u012bklu.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

____<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vai jums patika \u0161aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 iek\u013caut\u0101 infografika? J\u016bs varat to izmantot ar\u012b sav\u0101 darb\u0101, klik\u0161\u0137iniet \u0161eit<\/a> un redz\u0113siet visas Mind the Graph lietot\u0101jiem pieejam\u0101s veidnes. Jums nav j\u0101s\u0101k no nulles. Vai ar\u012b varat s\u0101kt veidot tie\u0161i tagad<\/a>, izmantojot m\u016bsu neirolo\u0123ija<\/a> galerija un vair\u0101k<\/a>!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Visas nervu sist\u0113mas pamat\u0101 ir darb\u012bbas potenci\u0101li un sinapses, kas p\u0101rraida inform\u0101ciju vis\u0101 \u0137ermen\u012b. Neironi ir \u0161\u016bnas, kas specializ\u0113ju\u0161\u0101s elektrisko vai \u0137\u012bmisko sign\u0101lu p\u0101rraid\u012b\u0161an\u0101 uz citu neironu pa prec\u012bzi noteiktu ce\u013cu l\u012bdz m\u0113r\u0137a \u0161\u016bnai. \u0160is raksts ir otr\u0101 da\u013ca no div\u0101m, kur\u0101s apl\u016bkots, k\u0101 \u0161\u012b p\u0101rsteidzo\u0161\u0101 un sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101 sist\u0113ma [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12102,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[812],"yoast_head":"\nNerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse - MTG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse. Read this blog to know more about how nerve impulses take place. And how everything is connected with the synapse.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/nervu-impulsu-sinapse\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"lv_LV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse - MTG\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse. Read this blog to know more about how nerve impulses take place. And how everything is connected with the synapse.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/nervu-impulsu-sinapse\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-12-30T11:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-05T18:13:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/featured-image-nerve-impulse-part-2-the-synapse.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1110\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fabricio Pamplona\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fabricio Pamplona\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Nerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse - MTG","description":"Nerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse. Read this blog to know more about how nerve impulses take place. And how everything is connected with the synapse.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/nervu-impulsu-sinapse\/","og_locale":"lv_LV","og_type":"article","og_title":"Nerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse - MTG","og_description":"Nerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse. Read this blog to know more about how nerve impulses take place. And how everything is connected with the synapse.","og_url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/nervu-impulsu-sinapse\/","og_site_name":"Mind the Graph Blog","article_published_time":"2020-12-30T11:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-01-05T18:13:37+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1110,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/featured-image-nerve-impulse-part-2-the-synapse.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Fabricio Pamplona","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Fabricio Pamplona","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/nerve-impulse-the-synapse\/","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/nerve-impulse-the-synapse\/","name":"Nerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse - MTG","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2020-12-30T11:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-01-05T18:13:37+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8eaee6d8007ac319523c3ddc98cedd3"},"description":"Nerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse. Read this blog to know more about how nerve impulses take place. And how everything is connected with the synapse.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/nerve-impulse-the-synapse\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"lv","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/nerve-impulse-the-synapse\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/nerve-impulse-the-synapse\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Nerve Impulse PART 2 \u2013 The Synapse"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/","name":"Mind the Graph Blog","description":"Your science can be beautiful!","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"lv"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8eaee6d8007ac319523c3ddc98cedd3","name":"Fabricio Pamplona","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"lv","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/da6985d9f20ecb24f3238df103a638ac?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/da6985d9f20ecb24f3238df103a638ac?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Fabricio Pamplona"},"description":"Fabricio Pamplona is the founder of Mind the Graph - a tool used by over 400K users in 60 countries. He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. Connect with him on LinkedIn - Fabricio Pamplona.","sameAs":["http:\/\/mindthegraph.com","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/fabriciopamplona"],"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/author\/fabricio\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12100"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12100"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26057,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12100\/revisions\/26057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}