{"id":11872,"date":"2020-11-09T10:13:29","date_gmt":"2020-11-09T12:13:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=11872"},"modified":"2022-11-24T12:07:01","modified_gmt":"2022-11-24T15:07:01","slug":"water-in-the-moon-the-infrared-explanation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/udens-menesi-izskaidrojums-izskaidrojums\/","title":{"rendered":"\u016adens M\u0113nes\u012b (nepietiek peldbaseinam) - Infrasarkanais skaidrojums"},"content":{"rendered":"

Labi, labi, labi, varb\u016bt es nedaudz p\u0101rsp\u012bl\u0113ju att\u0113l\u0101 - milz\u012bgs \u016bdens daudzums, zivis, laivas un peld\u0113t\u0101ji, kas labi pavada laiku M\u0113ness up\u0113. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bet es tikai centos pateikt, ka 2020. gada 26. oktobr\u012b \u017eurn\u0101l\u0101 Nature Astronomy tika public\u0113ts p\u0113t\u012bjums, kur\u0101 apstiprin\u0101ts, ka M\u0113ness ir atkl\u0101ts \u016bdens. Paties\u012bb\u0101 tas nebija nek\u0101ds \u016bdens, tas bija molekul\u0101rais \u016bdens - t\u0101 maz\u0101k\u0101 vien\u012bba. <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

P\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101 apstiprin\u0101ts, ka 2018. gada 31. august\u0101, izmantojot infrasarkano staru kameru FORCAST, kas pievienota teleskopam SOFIA, atsevi\u0161\u0137os M\u0113ness kr\u0101teros ir konstat\u0113ts \u016bdens. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamera konstat\u0113ja sp\u0113c\u012bgu 6 \u03bcm emisijas joslu, kas tika sal\u012bdzin\u0101ta ar citiem p\u0113t\u012bjumiem un literat\u016bras v\u0113rt\u012bb\u0101m, apstiprinot datu pamatot\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Infrasarkano staru anal\u012bze ir vienk\u0101r\u0161s skaidrojums, ka t\u0101 aptver pla\u0161u elektromagn\u0113tisk\u0101 spektra diapazonu no 14000 l\u012bdz 10 cm-1, kas b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 ir ener\u0123ijas m\u0113r\u012bjums un t\u0101s mijiedarb\u012bba ar mat\u0113riju. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u012b mijiedarb\u012bba var notikt, izmantojot absorb\u0113, izstaro vai atstaro<\/strong> zin\u0101ms ener\u0123ijas l\u012bmenis. Ar \u0161o m\u0113r\u012bjumu var noteikt ne tikai nezin\u0101mu molekulu, bet ar\u012b t\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

FORCAST konstat\u0113t\u0101 sp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101 6 \u03bcm starojuma josla ir no konkr\u0113tas infrasarkan\u0101 diapazona da\u013cas - vid\u0113j\u0101 infrasarkan\u0101 diapazona no 4000 l\u012bdz 400 cm-1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160o da\u013cu parasti izmanto, lai nov\u0113rotu un analiz\u0113tu pamatvirsmas vibr\u0101cijas<\/strong> saist\u012bta ar molekul\u0101ro strukt\u016bru. Ir iesp\u0113jams analiz\u0113t vielas jebkur\u0101 form\u0101 - ciet\u0101, \u0161\u0137idr\u0101 vai g\u0101zveida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101 k\u0101 \u0161\u0101du molekulu vibr\u0101cijas pla\u0161i izmanto molekul\u0101ro strukt\u016bru p\u0113t\u012b\u0161anai, ir zin\u0101ms, ka \u013coti atsevi\u0161\u0137a molekula var absorb\u0113t, izstarot vai atstarot ener\u0123iju noteikt\u0101 frekvenc\u0113, kas atbilst konkr\u0113t\u0101m strukt\u016bras \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tas notiek t\u0101p\u0113c, ka molekulas nav statiski objekti, to \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101s saites starp atomiem ir past\u0101v\u012bg\u0101 kust\u012bb\u0101, t\u0101s ir dinamiskas un mijiedarbojas ar da\u017e\u0101diem ener\u0123ijas l\u012bme\u0146iem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Piem\u0113ram, \u016bdens molekula var vibr\u0113t tr\u012bs da\u017e\u0101dos veidos. Divi no tiem ir sk\u0101bek\u013ca-\u016bde\u0146ra\u017ea saites pagarin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s un izstiep\u0161an\u0101s, bet otrs ir le\u0146\u0137a deform\u0101cija. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Labi, tagad b\u016bs viegl\u0101k: \u016bdens molekulai ir divas saites, vai ne? J\u0101. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101s var kust\u0113ties gan simetriski, vienlaic\u012bgi pieaugot un samazinoties, gan asimetriski, kad viena oblig\u0101cija ir aug\u0161up, bet otra - lejup. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160ie divi vibr\u0101ciju veidi ir simetrisks stiepums<\/a> un asimetriska stiep\u0161an\u0101s<\/a>. Tre\u0161\u0101 vibr\u0101cija nav kust\u012bba uz aug\u0161u vai uz leju, t\u0101 dr\u012bz\u0101k ir le\u0146\u0137veida kust\u012bba, k\u0101 \u0161\u016bpoles. simetriska deform\u0101cija<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"simetrisks<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Ja v\u0113laties apskat\u012bt gifus, lai lab\u0101k saprastu, k\u0101da veida vibr\u0101cijas ir molekulai, varat to p\u0101rbaud\u012bt, noklik\u0161\u0137inot uz t\u0101s nosaukuma virs teksta.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tagad atgriez\u012bsimies pie raksta.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Sp\u0113c\u012bga 6 \u03bcm emisijas josla tika nov\u0113rota \u012bpa\u0161\u0101 M\u0113ness apgabal\u0101, Kl\u0101vija kr\u0101ter\u012b un apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101 reljef\u0101, kas atrodas augstos platuma gr\u0101dos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lai p\u0101rliecin\u0101tos, ka vi\u0146i patie\u0161\u0101m redz H2O infrasarkano joslu, zin\u0101tnieki izmantoja iepriek\u0161 ieg\u016btos datus par \u016bdeni saturo\u0161iem materi\u0101liem, lai apstiprin\u0101tu M\u0113ness joslas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas; vi\u0146i ar\u012b p\u0101rbaud\u012bja plan\u0113tas eso\u0161o materi\u0101lu, lai redz\u0113tu 6 \u00b5m H2O joslu un sal\u012bdzin\u0101tu to ar atkl\u0101to joslu. Pamatojoties uz \u0161iem sal\u012bdzin\u0101jumiem, vi\u0146i apstiprin\u0101ja, ka josla ir no molekul\u0101r\u0101 \u016bdens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tom\u0113r \u0161\u012b josla nebija vien\u012bg\u0101, kas tika konstat\u0113ta M\u0113ness virsm\u0101. Tika konstat\u0113ta v\u0113l viena 3 \u03bcm absorbcijas josla, un t\u0101 var noz\u012bm\u0113t, ka taj\u0101 ir vair\u0101k \u016bdens. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u012b otr\u0101 josla bija redzama M\u0113ness ekvatora tuvum\u0101, cit\u0101 viet\u0101 nek\u0101 pirm\u0101 josla. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101p\u0113c \u0161\u0137iet, ka zin\u0101tnieku sav\u0101ktajos datos atra\u0161an\u0101s vieta daudz main\u0101s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At\u0161\u0137ir\u012bb\u0101 no 6 \u03bcm joslas, kas ir \u013coti rakstur\u012bga \u016bdens molekulas josla, \u0161\u012b 3 \u03bcm josla p\u0101rst\u0101v vienu molekulu, kas var\u0113tu p\u0101rv\u0113rst to \u016bden\u012b - hidroksilu (O-H). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka \u016bdens var veidoties ar\u012b \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101s p\u0101rveides reakcij\u0101s no hidroksila \u016bden\u012b uz M\u0113ness virsmas.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

J\u016bs varat jaut\u0101t: \"K\u0101 tas ir iesp\u0113jams, ka uz M\u0113ness virsmas ir \u016bdens?\" Vai pat: \"No kurienes tas \u016bdens radies?\" \u0160aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 ir izkl\u0101st\u012bta teorija.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Past\u0101v vair\u0101ki meh\u0101nismi, k\u0101 rodas \u016bdens M\u0113ness augsn\u0113, kas attiecas uz m\u016bsu datiem,\" teikts rakst\u0101, k\u0101 ar\u012b: \"\u016adens, kas atrodas M\u0113ness eksosf\u0113r\u0101, var \u0137\u012bmiski absorb\u0113ties uz graudu virsm\u0101m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u016adeni var ienest gaisto\u0161i mikrometeor\u012bti, un da\u013ca \u0161\u012b \u016bdens var saglab\u0101ties \u0161o triecienu rezult\u0101t\u0101 ieg\u016btajos stiklos vai non\u0101kt eksosf\u0113r\u0101, kur tas ir pieejams \u0137\u012bmisorbcijai\" (HONNIBALL et al., 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Citiem v\u0101rdiem sakot, \u016bdens var n\u0101kt no mikrometeor\u012btiem, un, tiem saduroties uz M\u0113ness virsmas, molekulas tiek saglab\u0101tas kaut kur, ko zin\u0101tnieki sauc par stikliem un graudu virsm\u0101m.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di public\u0113taj\u0101 rakst\u0101 secin\u0101ts, ka past\u0101v meh\u0101nisms, kas rada \u016bdeni M\u0113ness virsm\u0101 trieciena rezult\u0101t\u0101. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ta\u010du diem\u017e\u0113l \u0161\u012b procesa att\u012bst\u012bba ir \u013coti maza, un, iesp\u0113jams, m\u0113s nekad neredz\u0113sim peld\u0113\u0161anas sacens\u012bbas uz M\u0113ness. Atvainojiet, cilv\u0113ki, mums b\u016bs j\u0101apmierin\u0101s ar m\u016bsu parastajiem baseiniem, pludmal\u0113m, up\u0113m un oke\u0101niem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ja v\u0113laties izlas\u012bt pilnu rakstu un ieg\u016bt vair\u0101k inform\u0101cijas par, \u0161eit tas ir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HONNIBALL, C. I. et al. Molekul\u0101ro \u016bdeni uz Saules apsp\u012bd\u0113t\u0101 M\u0113ness atkl\u0101ja SOFIA. Daba Astronomija<\/strong>, 1.-7. lpp., 26 \u0101r\u0101. 2020.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tagad, ja v\u0113laties izveidot for\u0161u att\u0113lu, piem\u0113ram, \u0161eit redz\u0113to, varat m\u0113\u0123in\u0101t Mind the Graph! Mind the Graph ir platforma, kas \u013cauj jums prezent\u0113t savu p\u0113tniec\u012bbas projektu, digit\u0101lo saturu vizu\u0101l\u0101k un pievilc\u012bg\u0101k, izm\u0113\u0123iniet Mind the Graph! Noklik\u0161\u0137iniet uz \u0161eit<\/a> lai s\u0101ktu to izmantot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un, ja esat \u0137\u012bmi\u0137is, t\u0101pat k\u0101 es, varat izmantot \u0136\u012bmijas galerija<\/a> sav\u0101 darb\u0101, vairs nek\u0101das cie\u0161anas par molekulu rad\u012b\u0161anu, j\u016bs varat ieg\u016bt \u0161eit skaistas molekulas un strukt\u016bras. P\u0101rbaudiet Mind the Graph<\/a>. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Labi, labi, labi, varb\u016bt es nedaudz p\u0101rsp\u012bl\u0113ju att\u0113l\u0101 - milz\u012bgs \u016bdens daudzums, zivis, laivas un peld\u0113t\u0101ji, kas labi pavada laiku M\u0113ness up\u0113. Bet es tikai centos pateikt, ka 2020. gada 26. oktobr\u012b \u017eurn\u0101l\u0101 Nature Astronomy tika public\u0113ts p\u0113t\u012bjums, kur\u0101 apstiprin\u0101ts, ka vi\u0146i ir atkl\u0101ju\u0161i [...].<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11878,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[554],"yoast_head":"\nWater in the Moon \u2013 The Infrared Explanation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists have found water particles in the moon. 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He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. Connect with him on LinkedIn - Fabricio Pamplona.","sameAs":["http:\/\/mindthegraph.com","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/fabriciopamplona"],"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/author\/fabricio\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11872"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11872"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11872\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25555,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11872\/revisions\/25555"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11878"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11872"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11872"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11872"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}