{"id":11803,"date":"2020-10-28T09:30:35","date_gmt":"2020-10-28T11:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=11803"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:09:32","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:09:32","slug":"rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/","title":{"rendered":"Koronav\u012brusa RT-PCR tests"},"content":{"rendered":"

No daudz\u0101m liet\u0101m, ko esat dzird\u0113ju\u0161i par COVID-19 2020. gad\u0101, viena no t\u0101m ir tests, ko izmanto, lai noteiktu, vai k\u0101ds ir infic\u0113ts ar \u0161o v\u012brusu, - slavenais RT-PCR tests vai tikai PCR.<\/span><\/p>\n

Protams, j\u016bs jau esat dzird\u0113ju\u0161i par \u0161o testu no k\u0101da medic\u012bnas speci\u0101lista vai zi\u0146\u0101s. PCR testu izmanto, lai noteiktu v\u012brusa kl\u0101tb\u016btni (vai neesam\u012bbu) cilv\u0113ka organism\u0101.<\/span><\/p>\n

RT-PCR tests nav vien\u012bgais, ar kuru var noteikt v\u012brusu, ta\u010du, sal\u012bdzinot ar cit\u0101m metod\u0113m, tas ir visprec\u012bz\u0101kais un uzticam\u0101kais. V\u0113l viens tests ir tradicion\u0101lais serolo\u0123iskais tests, ar kuru nosaka specifisku antivielu l\u012bmeni asins paraugos.<\/span><\/p>\n

RT-PCR burti apz\u012bm\u0113 <\/span>Revers\u0101s transkripcijas polimer\u0101zes \u0137\u0113des reakcija<\/b>, zin\u0101tnieki to jau gadu desmitiem izmanto, lai ieg\u016btu vair\u0101kas \u0123en\u0113tisk\u0101 materi\u0101la kopijas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Citiem v\u0101rdiem sakot, \u0161aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 vair\u0101k \u0123en\u0113tisk\u0101 materi\u0101la no SARS-CoV-2, ko izmanto k\u0101 pirkstu nospiedumu, lai apliecin\u0101tu v\u012brusa kl\u0101tb\u016btni paraugos no deguna, aus\u012bm vai siekal\u0101m, kas \u0146emti no pacientiem. Ja paraug\u0101 pat neliel\u0101 daudzum\u0101 sl\u0113pjas k\u0101di v\u012brusi, to var\u0113s konstat\u0113t, pateicoties t\u0101 kop\u0113\u0161anas un iepako\u0161anas ciklam. T\u0101p\u0113c RT-PCR tests ir tik uzticams.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tests<\/b> ir metode, kuras pamat\u0101 ir divi temperat\u016bras cikla posmi, kas veic \u0123en\u0113tisk\u0101 materi\u0101la (DNS vai RNS) kop\u0113\u0161anas un iel\u012bm\u0113\u0161anas procesu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Testam nepiecie\u0161ams <\/span>termociklera iek\u0101rta<\/b> kam ir prec\u012bzs <\/span>temperat\u016bras un laika kontrole<\/b>. Vair\u0101ku temperat\u016bras ciklu laik\u0101 v\u012brusa \u0123en\u0113tiskais materi\u0101ls palielin\u0101s. Temperat\u016bras cikla piem\u0113rs ir par\u0101d\u012bts t\u0101l\u0101k.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0160ai metodei nepiecie\u0161ami divi galvenie fermenti - revers\u0101 transkript\u0101ze (t\u0101p\u0113c nosaukum\u0101 ir \"RT\") un DNS polimer\u0101ze. Katram no tiem ir sava darb\u012bbas f\u0101ze un funkcija. Iepriek\u0161 att\u0113l\u0101 redzamaj\u0101 att\u0113l\u0101 dzelten\u0101 cikla f\u0101ze ir t\u0101, kad darbojas RT, bet sarkan\u0101 f\u0101ze ir t\u0101, kad savu darbu veic DNS polimer\u0101ze.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pirmais enz\u012bms no RNS v\u012brusa izveido komplement\u0101ro DNS virkni, \u013caujot otrajam enz\u012bmam veikt kop\u0113\u0161anas darbu no tikko izveidot\u0101s DNS virknes, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di palielinot eso\u0161\u0101 \u0123en\u0113tisk\u0101 materi\u0101la daudzumu. \u0160\u012b amplifik\u0101cija \u013cauj raksturot un\/vai manipul\u0113t ar \u0123en\u0113tisko materi\u0101lu, ja maz\u0101k\u0101 daudzum\u0101 tas neb\u016btu iesp\u0113jams.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Lai visi \u0161ie procesi notiktu, fermentiem ir nepiecie\u0161ama pal\u012bdz\u012bba no mazas (vai lielas) molekulas, ko sauc par PRIMERU. Primera funkcija ir nor\u0101d\u012bt vietu, kur fermentam j\u0101s\u0101k pagarin\u0101t virknes, bez t\u0101 DNS polimer\u0101zes kop\u0113\u0161anas process nes\u0101kas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gruntskr\u0101su var izv\u0113l\u0113ties ar nejau\u0161u vai noteiktu formu. \u0160\u0101dos gad\u012bjumos ir \u013coti svar\u012bgi zin\u0101t v\u012brusa \u0123en\u0113tisko karti, lai var\u0113tu izmantot specifiskus praimerus, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di palielinot rezult\u0101tu efektivit\u0101ti un ticam\u012bbu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ja esat zi\u0146k\u0101r\u012bgs t\u0101pat k\u0101 m\u0113s un v\u0113laties uzzin\u0101t s\u012bk\u0101ku inform\u0101ciju par RT-PCR, varat p\u0101rbaud\u012bt s\u012bk\u0101ku inform\u0101ciju.\u00a0<\/span> \u0161is zin\u0101tniskais raksts <\/span>tie\u0161i \u0161eit<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 bet b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 \u0161eit ir viss, kas nepiecie\u0161ams, lai veiktu testu:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u012brusu \u0123en\u0113tiskais materi\u0101ls, RNS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Revers\u0101s transkript\u0101zes un DNS polimer\u0101zes enz\u012bmi<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

PRIMERS<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nukleoz\u012bdu trifosf\u0101ti<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Un fluoresc\u0113jo\u0161\u0101s reportieru kr\u0101svielas:\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Lai ieg\u016btu rezult\u0101tus paraugam, kas var b\u016bt vai neb\u016bt infic\u0113ts ar COVID-19 v\u012brusu, kop\u0101 ar RT-PCR testu izmanto fluoresc\u0113jo\u0161o report\u0113jo\u0161o kr\u0101su testu. Testa pamat\u0101 ir parauga fluoresc\u0113jo\u0161ais sign\u0101ls. Ja sign\u0101la nav, testu var uzskat\u012bt par negat\u012bvu vai k\u013c\u016bdaini negat\u012bvu. Ja ir intens\u012bvs sign\u0101ls, to var uzskat\u012bt ne tikai par pozit\u012bvu v\u012brusa kl\u0101tb\u016btnes gad\u012bjum\u0101, bet ar\u012b par saslim\u0161anu progres\u0113jo\u0161\u0101 stadij\u0101.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sajauciet visas sast\u0101vda\u013cas un ievietojiet t\u0101s termocikla ma\u0161\u012bn\u0101.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Testa pirmais posms ir par\u0101d\u012bts infografik\u0101. RT enz\u012bms izveido paraug\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101 v\u012brusa \u0123en\u0113tisk\u0101 materi\u0101la pirmo kopiju. T\u0101l\u0101k redzams RT-PCR metodes otrais posms. Praimeris nor\u0101da s\u0101kuma poz\u012bciju, un DNS polimer\u0101ze ar fermentat\u012bv\u0101s reakcijas pal\u012bdz\u012bbu s\u0101k pagarin\u0101t DNS virknes.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Koronav\u012brusa<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Visbeidzot, \u0161is att\u0113ls ir SARS-CoV-2 v\u012brusa elektronmikrogr\u0101fijas att\u0113ls, un taj\u0101 var lieliski redz\u0113t v\u012brusa strukt\u016bru. Vai tas nav skaisti?\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tests ir sare\u017e\u0123\u012bts un nav tik vienk\u0101r\u0161s, k\u0101 \u0161\u0137iet, bet es deru, ka ar infografiku bija daudz viegl\u0101k saprast, k\u0101 tas darbojas, vai ne?<\/span><\/p>\n

To var izdar\u012bt ar jebkuru zin\u0101tnisko inform\u0101ciju, izmantojot\u00a0<\/span> Mind the Graph<\/span><\/a>. \u0160\u012b platforma ir izveidota, lai sniegtu jums autonomiju un \u013cautu lab\u0101k izplat\u012bt zin\u0101tnisko inform\u0101ciju. Uzziniet vair\u0101k par to, k\u0101 izmantot platformu, un, ja jums nepiecie\u0161ama pal\u012bdz\u012bba, l\u016bdzu, sazinieties ar mums.<\/span>!<\/b><\/p>\n

Atsauce<\/b><\/p>\n

AI, T. et al. Kr\u016b\u0161kurvja kurvja CT un RT-PCR test\u0113\u0161anas korel\u0101cija attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz koronav\u012brusu slim\u012bbu 2019 (COVID-19) \u0136\u012bn\u0101: Zi\u0146ojums par 1014 gad\u012bjumiem. Radiology, t. 296, n. 2, p. E32-E40, 26 fev. 2020. gada 26. febru\u0101ris.<\/span><\/p>\n

GIBELLINI, D. et al. Cilv\u0113ka 1. tipa im\u016bndefic\u012bta v\u012brusa (HIV-1) v\u012brusa slodzes kvantitat\u012bva noteik\u0161ana, izmantojot SYBR green re\u0101l\u0101 laika RT-PCR metodi HIV-1 seropozit\u012bviem pacientiem. Journal of Virological Methods, t. 115, n. 2, p. 183-189, 2004. gada 1. febru\u0101ris.<\/span><\/p>\n

JAMES, D. Vienk\u0101r\u0161s un uzticams protokols \u0101be\u013cu stubl\u0101ju rievu v\u012brusa noteik\u0161anai ar RT-PCR un daudzk\u0101rt\u0113ju PCR testu. Journal of Virological Methods, t. 83, n. 1, p. 1-9, 1999. gada 1. decembris.<\/span><\/p>\n

LI, Y. et al. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test\u0113\u0161anas stabilit\u0101tes probl\u0113mas hospitaliz\u0113tiem pacientiem, kuriem kl\u012bniski diagnostic\u0113ts COVID-19. Journal of Medical Virology, t. 92, n. 7, p. 903-908, 2020. gads.<\/span><\/p>\n

LIAO, C.-S. et al. Miniat\u016bra RT-PCR sist\u0113ma uz RNS balst\u012btu v\u012brusu diagnostikai. Nucleic Acids Research, t. 33, n. 18, p. e156-e156, 1 \u0101r\u0101. 2005.<\/span><\/p>\n

MOHAN, A. et al. V\u012brusu infekcijas izplat\u012bba, ko nosaka ar PCR un RT-PCR pacientiem ar ak\u016btu HOPS paasin\u0101jumu: sistem\u0101tisks p\u0101rskats. Respirology, t. 15, n. 3, p. 536-542, 2010. gads.<\/span><\/p>\n

NOLAN, T.; HANDS, R. E.; BUSTIN, S. A. Kvantitat\u012bva mRNS noteik\u0161ana, izmantojot re\u0101l\u0101 laika RT-PCR. Nature Protocols, v. 1, n. 3, p. 1559-1582, ago. 2006.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jaunais koronav\u012bruss SARS-CoV-2 | \u0160is transmisijas elektronu mi... | Flickr. Dispon\u00edvel em: . Acesso em: 23 jul. 2020. <\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11847,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[388,799,554,798,250],"yoast_head":"\nThe RT-PCR Test for Coronavirus - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Read this blog to know everything related to the popular COVID-19 test, RT-PCR or only PCR. 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He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. 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