{"id":10482,"date":"2019-09-20T18:13:59","date_gmt":"2019-09-20T21:13:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=10482"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:23:54","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:23:54","slug":"snowing-global-warming","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lv\/snigsana-globala-sasilsana\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0100r\u0101 snieg. Vai glob\u0101l\u0101 sasil\u0161ana ir re\u0101la?"},"content":{"rendered":"

J\u0101, glob\u0101l\u0101 sasil\u0161ana ir re\u0101la. Vismaz saska\u0146\u0101 ar zin\u0101tnes atzinumiem. T\u0101 ir \u012bsa atbilde. Ta\u010du ir norm\u0101li, ka j\u016bs mulsina glob\u0101l\u0101s sasil\u0161anas nosaukums. \u012apa\u0161i tad, kad tuvojas ziema, j\u016bs sasalstat un ned\u0113\u013cas nogal\u0113 gaid\u0101t snig\u0161anu. T\u0101p\u0113c apl\u016bkosim jaun\u0101kos zin\u0101tniskos datus, lai saprastu.<\/p>\n

01. Klimats X Laikapst\u0101k\u013ci<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Tas nav tas pats. Lai gan laikapst\u0101k\u013ci ir \u012bslaic\u012bga skala, klimats ir ilgtermi\u0146a vid\u0113jais r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101js. T\u0101p\u0113c pat tad, ja m\u0113s turpin\u0101m piedz\u012bvot aukstas dienas, tas neizn\u012bcina glob\u0101l\u0101s temperat\u016bras cel\u0161anos. Paties\u012bb\u0101 pasaul\u0113, kas sasilst, var gaid\u012bt barg\u0101kas ziemas.<\/p>\n

“Klimats ir vid\u0113jais laikapst\u0101k\u013cu raksturojums re\u0123ion\u0101 ilg\u0101k\u0101 laika period\u0101. T\u0101 ir at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba starp Eiropas m\u0113renaj\u0101m un Vidusj\u016bras zon\u0101m un skarbajiem aukstuma apst\u0101k\u013ciem Arktikas tundr\u0101. Katr\u0101 no \u0161iem klimata re\u0123ioniem katru dienu v\u0113rojamas temperat\u016bras, nokri\u0161\u0146u daudzuma, gaisa spiediena sv\u0101rst\u012bbas - ikdienas sv\u0101rst\u012bbas, ko d\u0113v\u0113 par laikapst\u0101k\u013ciem.\"<\/em> (Avots: National Geographic<\/a>).<\/p>\n

02. Ekstrem\u0101l\u0101s temperat\u016bras<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Termins \"glob\u0101l\u0101 sasil\u0161ana\" tika ieviests pirms da\u017eiem gadu desmitiem. Taj\u0101 laik\u0101 galven\u0101s ba\u017eas rad\u012bja tas, ka siltumn\u012bcefekta g\u0101zes, kas sasilda plan\u0113tu, <\/a>paaugstinot vid\u0113jo temperat\u016bru. Tom\u0113r oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bda un met\u0101na pieaugums atmosf\u0113r\u0101 izraisa vair\u0101k nek\u0101 temperat\u016bras paaugstin\u0101\u0161anos. T\u0101 k\u0101 Arktik\u0101 k\u013c\u016bst silt\u0101ks, ziemas Zieme\u013camerik\u0101 k\u013c\u016bst aukst\u0101kas.<\/p>\n

Klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146u ietekmei izpau\u017eoties, Zeme piedz\u012bvos ne tikai sasil\u0161anu, bet ar\u012b ekstr\u0113m\u0101kus un posto\u0161\u0101kus laikapst\u0101k\u013cus.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Potsdamas Universit\u0101tes fizi\u0137is Stefans Rahmstorfs (Stefan Rahmstorf) soci\u0101laj\u0101 t\u012bkl\u0101 Twitter skaidroja saikni starp aukstaj\u0101m dien\u0101m un glob\u0101lo sasil\u0161anu:<\/p>\n

\"twiteer\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"twitter<\/p>\n

\"Dxdm2J_X0AE0eBg\"<\/p>\n

Paties\u012bb\u0101 glob\u0101l\u0101s sasil\u0161anas d\u0113\u013c Zieme\u013camerik\u0101 ziemas var\u0113tu b\u016bt barg\u0101kas. Divi dokumenti, no kuriem viens public\u0113ts Dabas komunik\u0101cija<\/a> un otru uz Nature Geoscience<\/a> atkl\u0101ja saikni starp augst\u0101ku temperat\u016bru Arktik\u0101 un aukst\u0101k\u0101m ziem\u0101m Zieme\u013camerik\u0101.<\/p>\n

Darbos par\u0101d\u012bts, ka bargu ziemas laikapst\u0101k\u013cu iest\u0101\u0161an\u0101s Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101s Valst\u012bs ir b\u016btiski saist\u012bta ar Panarktisk\u0101 \u0123eopotenci\u0101l\u0101 augstuma un temperat\u016bras anom\u0101lij\u0101m. \u0160\u012b saist\u012bba ir vissp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101k\u0101 ASV austrumos.<\/p>\n

Silt\u0101 Arktika noz\u012bm\u0113 aukst\u0101kas un sniegot\u0101kas ziemas ASV zieme\u013caustrumos.<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n

\"B\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 tas apstiprina st\u0101stu, ko esmu st\u0101st\u012bjis jau vair\u0101kus gadus,\". teica p\u0113t\u012bjuma l\u012bdzautore D\u017eenifera Fr\u0101nsisa, <\/a>Rutgersa j\u016bras un piekrastes zin\u0101t\u0146u p\u0113tniec\u012bbas profesors. Skola Vides un biolo\u0123ijas zin\u0101t\u0146u.<\/a> \"Silt\u0101 temperat\u016bra Arktik\u0101 izraisa reakt\u012bv\u0101s gaisa pl\u016bsmas straumes strauj\u0101s sv\u0101rst\u012bbas, un, kad t\u0101 sv\u0101rst\u0101s t\u0101l\u0101k uz dienvidiem, aukstais gaiss non\u0101k t\u0101l\u0101k uz dienvidiem. \u0160\u012bs sv\u0101rst\u012bbas parasti uzkav\u0113jas ilg\u0101ku laiku, t\u0101p\u0113c laikapst\u0101k\u013ci, k\u0101di ir Amerikas Savienoto Valstu austrumos, neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, vai tie ir auksti vai silti, pie mums saglab\u0101jas ilg\u0101k.\"<\/p>\n

03. Mums vajadz\u0113tu k\u013c\u016bt v\u0113s\u0101kam<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Glob\u0101l\u0101 sasil\u0161ana ir tikai dabisks cikls, un mums ar to nav nek\u0101da sakara. Vai ne? N\u0112. Es jau rakst\u012bju par\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbas starp dabiskajiem cikliem uz Zemes un cilv\u0113ka izrais\u012btaj\u0101m klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m.<\/p>\n

Iesp\u0113jamie dabiskie temperat\u016bras paaugstin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s c\u0113lo\u0146i:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Saule:\u00a0<\/strong>P\u0113d\u0113jo 35 gadu laik\u0101 saulei ir v\u0113rojama atdzi\u0161anas tendence. Tom\u0113r glob\u0101l\u0101 temperat\u016bra turpina paaugstin\u0101ties.<\/p>\n

\"
Gada glob\u0101l\u0101s temperat\u016bras izmai\u0146as (pl\u0101n\u0101 gai\u0161i sarkan\u0101 kr\u0101s\u0101) ar 11 gadu vid\u0113jo main\u012bgo temperat\u016bru (biez\u0101 tum\u0161i sarkan\u0101 kr\u0101s\u0101). Temperat\u016bra no NASA GISS<\/a>. Gada kop\u0113j\u0101 saules starojuma intensit\u0101te (pl\u0101n\u0101 gai\u0161i zil\u0101 kr\u0101s\u0101) ar 11 gadu SITS vid\u0113jo sl\u012bdo\u0161o r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101ju (biez\u0101 tum\u0161i zil\u0101 kr\u0101s\u0101). SITS no 1880. l\u012bdz 1978. gadam no Krivova et al. 2007. SITS no 1979. l\u012bdz 2015. gadam no Pasaules radi\u0101cijas centrs<\/a> (datu atjaunin\u0101jumus skatiet PMOD indeksa lap\u0101). Jaun\u0101ko Saules apstarojuma grafikus var atrast Atmosf\u0113ras un kosmosa fizikas laboratorijas LISIRD vietn\u0113. (Avots)<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Pirms ledus laikmeta:<\/strong>\u00a0Vai j\u016bs zin\u0101t, ka\u00a0m\u0113s dom\u0101jams, piedz\u012bvosim v\u0113l vienu ledus laikmetu.<\/a>, nevis silts?<\/p>\n

Vulkanisms:\u00a0<\/strong>Vulk\u0101ni rada siltumu aizturo\u0161as g\u0101zes, t\u0101tad tie var b\u016bt atbild\u012bgi par temperat\u016bras izmai\u0146\u0101m, vai ne? Paties\u012bb\u0101 tie rada maz\u0101k nek\u0101 1% CO2, ko rada cilv\u0113ki. Ar\u012b lielie izvirdumi, kad tie notiek, atv\u0113sina Zemi, nevis sasilda. \"Nature\" rakst\u0101 \"Maz\u0101 ledus laikmeta p\u0113d\u0113j\u0101 f\u0101ze, ko izrais\u012bja vulk\u0101nu izvirdumi\".<\/a> izskaidrot, k\u0101 18. gadsimt\u0101 pasaule s\u0101ka p\u0101riet no vulk\u0101niski atdzisu\u0161\u0101 klimata uz klimatu, ko sasilda cilv\u0113ka emisijas.<\/p>\n

Apkopojot:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"temperat\u016bra\"<\/a>
Glob\u0101l\u0101s virsmas temperat\u016bras anom\u0101lijas no 1870. l\u012bdz 2010. gadam un to ietekm\u0113jo\u0161ie dabiskie (saules, vulk\u0101niskie un iek\u0161\u0113jie) un antropog\u0113nie faktori. (avots)<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/h3>\n

04. Temperat\u016bra vis\u0101 pasaul\u0113 paaugstin\u0101s<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Pa\u0161reiz\u0113jie zin\u0101tniskie dati liecina, ka pirms industri\u0101l\u0101s revol\u016bcijas aukstie un siltie periodi nav biju\u0161i glob\u0101li.<\/p>\n

P\u0113tnieki p\u0113t\u012bja mazo ledus laikmetu,<\/a> p\u0113d\u0113j\u0101s t\u016bksto\u0161gades aukst\u0101kais laikmets. Rezult\u0101ti liecina, ka visaukst\u0101k\u0101 temperat\u016bra bija da\u017e\u0101dos gadsimtos vis\u0101 pasaul\u0113. Tas notika 15. gadsimt\u0101 Klus\u0101 oke\u0101na centr\u0101laj\u0101 un austrumu da\u013c\u0101, 17. gadsimt\u0101 - Eiropas zieme\u013crietumos un Zieme\u013camerikas dienvidaustrumos. Tom\u0113r p\u0101r\u0113jos re\u0123ionos viszem\u0101k\u0101 temperat\u016bra bija v\u0113rojama tikai 19. gadsimta vid\u016b.<\/p>\n

05. J\u016bras l\u012bmenis<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Vispirms mums ir j\u0101nor\u0101da at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbas starp relat\u012bvaj\u0101m j\u016bras l\u012bme\u0146a izmai\u0146\u0101m un absol\u016bto j\u016bras l\u012bmeni:<\/p>\n