{"id":19837,"date":"2022-09-15T11:59:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-15T14:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=19837"},"modified":"2023-03-20T09:54:50","modified_gmt":"2023-03-20T12:54:50","slug":"cutaneous-and-acral-melanoma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/odos-ir-akralines-melanomos\/","title":{"rendered":"Mokslini\u0173 tyrim\u0173 ap\u017evalga: Odos ir akralin\u0117 melanoma"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jau kelis de\u0161imtme\u010dius prane\u0161ama, kad kai kuriose pasaulio populiacijose sergamumas melanoma did\u0117ja. Odos, gleivin\u0117s ar veide esan\u010di\u0173 melanocit\u0173 navikas vadinamas melanoma. Nepaisant to, kad ji 5% sudaro vis\u0173 odos piktybini\u0173 navik\u0173 dal\u012f, ji lemia daugiau kaip 75% vis\u0173 mir\u010di\u0173 nuo odos v\u0117\u017eio.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nors teigiamas UV spinduli\u0173 poveikio ry\u0161ys su melanomos i\u0161sivystymu yra gerai \u017einomas, \u017emogaus melanomos audiniuose epigenetiniai mechanizmai beveik nei\u0161tirti. \u0160iame straipsnyje bus aptarti su patobiologija ir ultravioletini\u0173 spinduli\u0173 poveikiu susij\u0119 prognostiniai v\u0117\u017eio veiksniai bei autoriaus \u012f\u017evalgos min\u0117ta tema. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tyrimo tikslas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Naudodami dvi nepriklausomas odos melanoma sergan\u010di\u0173 pacient\u0173 grupes, jie siekia atrasti ir patvirtinti genomo metilinimo poky\u010dius, susijusius su UV mutacijomis. Pagrindinis tikslas - i\u0161tirti DNR metilom\u0173 ir transkriptom\u0173 bei integruot\u0173 metilom\u0173 ir transkriptom\u0173 diagnostin\u012f potencial\u0105, kad b\u016bt\u0173 galima atskirti odos melanom\u0105 su UV mutacijomis nuo odos melanomos be UV mutacij\u0173. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taikant integruot\u0105 OMIC metod\u0105, vertinami prioritetini\u0173 skirtingai metilint\u0173 gen\u0173 ma\u017e\u0173 nukleotid\u0173 variantai (SNV) ir kopij\u0173 skai\u010diaus variantai (CNV), kurie gali b\u016bti v\u0117\u017eio suk\u0117l\u0117jais. \u0160\u012f tyrim\u0105 papildo kitas, kuriame nagrin\u0117jama, ar DNR metilomai gali atskirti patologinius ir su UV spinduliais susijusius skirtumus tarp i\u0161ry\u0161k\u0117jusi\u0173 melanomos variant\u0173, susijusi\u0173 su UV spinduli\u0173 poveikiu (odos melanoma) ir nesusijusi\u0173 (akralin\u0117 melanoma). Straipsnyje pateiktoje schemoje parodyta, koks yra tyrimo tikslas ir eiga. Grafinis vaizdas buvo sukurtas naudojant Mind the Graph<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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I\u0161samus tyrimo svarstymas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Klinikiniuose biologiniuose m\u0117giniuose UV spinduliuot\u0117 (UV) siejama su odos melanoma, ta\u010diau epigenetiniai mechanizmai, kuriais \u0161ie mechanizmai grind\u017eiami, dar nenustatyti. \u012e \u0161\u012f tyrim\u0105 buvo \u012ftraukta daugiataut\u0117 112 odos melanomos l\u0105steli\u0173 kohorta klinikiniam, epigenomo (DNR metilomo), genomo ir transkriptomo profiliavimui. \u0160iame tyrime jie nustat\u0117 UV spinduli\u0173 sukeltus imunologini\u0173 ir reguliacini\u0173 keli\u0173 poky\u010dius, kurie gali b\u016bti v\u0117\u017e\u012f lemiantys veiksniai \u012fvairiose MIK.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TAPBP (Tap binding protein genas) yra ne tik labiausiai susij\u0119s su imunine funkcija, bet ir su keletu UV spinduli\u0173 pakeist\u0173 metilinimo viet\u0173, kurios buvo patvirtintos tiksliniu sekoskaitos metodu ir suteikia klini\u0161kai pritaikom\u0173 galimybi\u0173. MHC-I s\u0105veikauja su transporteriu, susijusiu su antigeno apdorojimu, per TAPBP, imunoglobulin\u0173 super\u0161eimos nar\u012f. Daugelyje v\u0117\u017eini\u0173 susirgim\u0173 nustatyta TAPBP (tapasino) baltymo suma\u017e\u0117jimas, kuris atsistato po citokin\u0173 poveikio.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tai rodo, kad nepakankam\u0105 TAPBP rai\u0161k\u0105 gali lemti ne strukt\u016briniai poky\u010diai, o sutrikusi reguliacija. Tyr\u0117jai nustat\u0117, kad TAPBP DNR metilinimo lygis yra reik\u0161mingai atvirk\u0161\u010diai proporcingas transkripcijai ir kad pastaroji pakinta d\u0117l UV spinduli\u0173 poveikio, o ne d\u0117l melanomos patologinio tapatumo. Nei odos, nei akralin\u0117s melanomos, neturin\u010dios UV mutacijos, nebuvo nustatyta skirtingo metilinimo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Be su TAPBP susijusi\u0173 i\u0161vad\u0173, jie nustat\u0117, kad UV mutacijos yra susijusios su daugybe epigenetini\u0173 poky\u010di\u0173, daran\u010di\u0173 \u012ftak\u0105 odos melanomos metilomui. Rezultatai rodo, kad odos melanomas, nepriklausomai nuo to, ar jos yra mutavusios d\u0117l UV spinduli\u0173, ar ne, gali tekti klasifikuoti atskirai, nors manoma, kad j\u0173 patologin\u0117 ir (arba) l\u0105stelin\u0117 kilm\u0117 yra ta pati. Taip yra tod\u0117l, kad epigenominiame kra\u0161tovaizdyje, i\u0161 kurio jos yra kilusios, gali b\u016bti ir poveikio, ir l\u0105steli\u0173 linijos \u017eymen\u0173. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160iame tyrime odos ir akralin\u0117s melanomos m\u0117giniams naudotos kelios galingos technologijos, \u012fskaitant WGS, WES, RNR sekoskait\u0105 ir DNR metilomo profiliavim\u0105, taip pat naujausios bioinformatikos priemon\u0117s. Tyr\u0117jai naudojo vie\u0161ai prieinamus duomenis ir papild\u0117 juos naujais duomen\u0173 rinkiniais, kurie ap\u0117m\u0117 didesnio dyd\u017eio m\u0117ginius, platesn\u0119 genomin\u0119 apr\u0117pt\u012f, i\u0161samius fenotipinius vertinimus, gerai i\u0161saugotus u\u017e\u0161aldyt\u0173 audini\u0173 m\u0117ginius ir \u012fvertino ne tik odos, bet ir kit\u0173 nei europie\u010diai etnini\u0173 grupi\u0173 melanomas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atlikus \u0161\u012f darb\u0105 pasiekti \u0161ie rezultatai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

(1) Biomarkeri\u0173, kurie gali b\u016bti naudojami v\u0117\u017eio rizikai stratifikuoti, atradimas;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) Patobulinta melanomos tip\u0173 klasifikacija j\u0173 viduje ir tarp j\u0173; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) nustatyti molekulinius veiksnius, kurie gali b\u016bti atsakingi u\u017e melanomagenez\u0119 ir \u012f kuriuos galima nukreipti gydym\u0105; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

(4) \u017dini\u0173 apie melanomos patobiologij\u0105 gilinimas siekiant suma\u017einti gyventoj\u0173 skirtumus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160is tyrimas yra gair\u0117s pana\u0161iems gen\u0173 ir aplinkos tyrimams, susijusiems su kit\u0173 tip\u0173 melanoma, ir apima tiek da\u017enas, tiek retesnes melanomas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Veiksmingesnis b\u016bdas perduoti tiksli\u0105 mokslin\u0119 informacij\u0105<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u012f mokslin\u012f straipsn\u012f labai \u012fdomu ir lengva suprasti, daugiausia d\u0117l gra\u017ei\u0173 grafini\u0173 iliustracij\u0173. Grafikai buvo sukurti naudojant Mind the Graph<\/a> \u012frankis. Grafin\u0117 iliustracija skaitytojui gali b\u016bti naudinga \u012fvairiais b\u016bdais. Galite pabandyti pakelti savo tyrim\u0173 lyg\u012f nemokamai u\u017esiregistruodami Mind the Graph ir i\u0161bandydami pirm\u0105j\u0105 mokslin\u0119 iliustracij\u0105.

Nepamir\u0161kite per\u017ei\u016br\u0117ti m\u016bs\u0173 straipsnio \"Mokslin\u0117 iliustracija: Raktas \u012f vizualaus mokslo pasaul\u012f<\/a>“. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Per kelias minutes sukurkite efektyvius mokslinius paveiksl\u0117lius<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0160iame straipsnyje bus aptarti su patobiologija ir ultravioletini\u0173 spinduli\u0173 poveikiu susij\u0119 prognostiniai v\u0117\u017eio veiksniai ir autoriaus \u012f\u017evalgos.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":27204,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[956],"tags":[937,96,554,775],"yoast_head":"\nResearch Review: Cutaneous and Acral Melanoma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This article will discuss the prognostic cancer driver related to pathobiology and ultraviolet exposure along with the author's insights.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/odos-ir-akralines-melanomos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"lt_LT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta 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