{"id":12225,"date":"2021-02-01T10:50:46","date_gmt":"2021-02-01T12:50:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=12225"},"modified":"2023-01-05T14:44:23","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T17:44:23","slug":"agroforestry-vs-monoculture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/agrarine-miskininkyste-ir-monokultura\/","title":{"rendered":"Kas yra agrarin\u0117 mi\u0161kininkyst\u0117 ir kod\u0117l ji geresn\u0117 u\u017e monokult\u016br\u0105"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u016akininkai ir \u017eemdirbiai, siekdami i\u0161maitinti nuolat augan\u010di\u0105 populiacij\u0105, da\u017eniausiai augina monokult\u016bras. D\u0117l tokio gamybos b\u016bdo planetai kilo ne viena ir ne kelios problemos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dirvo\u017eemio maisting\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 praradimas, dirvo\u017eemio degradacija ir mi\u0161k\u0173 gaisrai - tai tik keli pavyzd\u017eiai, nes m\u016bs\u0173 planetos gyventoj\u0173 vis daug\u0117ja ir kasdien reikia vis daugiau maisto. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per pastaruosius trisde\u0161imt met\u0173 kai kuriose Brazilijos vietose buvo sukurtas naujas metodas. \u017demdirbiai (arba \u016bkininkai) nebesirenka monokult\u016br\u0173, o eina kitu gamybos keliu, vadinamu agrarine mi\u0161kininkyste arba sintetine \u017eemdirbyste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ernstas Go\u010das (Ernst G\u00f6tsch) yra \u0161ios metodikos pradininkas, prad\u0117j\u0119s j\u0105 taikyti prie\u0161 tris de\u0161imtme\u010dius. Ernstas yra \u0161veicar\u0173 mokslininkas agronomas, \u017einomas d\u0117l agrarin\u0117s mi\u0161kininkyst\u0117s idealizavimo ir sklaidos Brazilijos \u0161iaur\u0117s ryt\u0173 Bahijos valstijoje, o v\u0117liau ir visoje \u0161alyje. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6tschas daugel\u012f met\u0173 dirbo su genetiniu tobulinimu, ta\u010diau ilgainiui \u0117m\u0117 kelti sau klausim\u0105, ar tikrai pagr\u012fsta geneti\u0161kai modifikuoti augal\u0105, kad jis gal\u0117t\u0173 i\u0161gyventi \u012fvairiomis s\u0105lygomis ir aplinkoje, kaip tai \u0161iandien daroma monokult\u016broje.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u017euot tai dar\u0119s, G\u00f6tschas nusprend\u0117 pagerinti augalininkyst\u0119 turtingesn\u0117je aplinkoje. Ernstas vien\u0105 500 hektar\u0173 degradavusi\u0105 teritorij\u0105 Bahijoje pavert\u0117 produktyviu atogr\u0105\u017e\u0173 mi\u0161ku.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maisto gamyba n\u0117ra vienintelis agrarin\u0117s mi\u0161kininkyst\u0117s metodo tikslas - tai taip pat labai naudinga priemon\u0117, skirta atkurti nualintas vietoves, kad dirvo\u017eemiui b\u016bt\u0173 gr\u0105\u017eintos jo produktyvumo galimyb\u0117s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160iam metodui b\u016bdingas aplinkos organizavimas, integravimas, pusiausvyra ir energijos i\u0161saugojimas, leid\u017eiantis ekosistemai veikti nat\u016bralioje konfig\u016bracijoje. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prakti\u0161kai augalai auginami mi\u0161ko forma, mai\u0161ant skirtingo dyd\u017eio ir savybi\u0173 augalus vien\u0105 \u0161alia kito. D\u0117l tokio i\u0161sid\u0117stymo ekosistema pradeda gyventi ir augti sinergi\u0161kai, dalydamasi maistin\u0117mis med\u017eiagomis, vandeniu ir saugodama viena kit\u0105 nuo lig\u0173. Taip ma\u017ea ekosistema virsta dideliu mi\u0161ku, kuriame viskas susij\u0119.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Be \u016bkinink\u0173 n\u0117ra maisto, \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio profesija neskatinama mokyklose, net \u0161eimoje, nes tai sunkus gyvenimas, dirvo\u017eemis greitai degraduoja, nes \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio b\u016bdu jis kasmet vis blog\u0117ja. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ta\u010diau toje vietoje, kur viskas kasmet ger\u0117ja, susidaro tam tikra augimo spiral\u0117\", - sako Mar\u0161a Hanzi, lygindama monokult\u016br\u0105 ir agromi\u0161kininkyst\u0119. Mar\u0161a yra \u0161iaur\u0117s amerikiet\u0117, gyvenanti Marizoje, Bahijoje, Brazilijoje. Ji yra atsakinga u\u017e \u016bk\u012f, vadinam\u0105 Epicentro<\/a>, plot\u0105, kur\u012f ji ir jos bendradarbiai s\u0117kmingai atk\u016br\u0117 taikydami agrarin\u0119 mi\u0161kininkyst\u0119. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u016akio dirvo\u017eemis i\u0161 sm\u0117lio tapo turtingu ir labai na\u0161iu dirvo\u017eemiu, o tai rodo, kad \u016bkininkai ir \u017eemdirbiai tur\u0117t\u0173 skirti daugiau d\u0117mesio agrarinei mi\u0161kininkystei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Auginant monokult\u016bras dirvo\u017eemis nuimant derli\u0173 nualinamas, prarandamos maistingosios med\u017eiagos, be to, naudojami pesticidai ir chemin\u0117s tr\u0105\u0161os, kurios taip pat turi \u012ftakos dirvo\u017eemio kokybei, tod\u0117l jis tampa prastas ir sunkiai atsistato kiekvien\u0105 sezon\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Kita vertus, agrarin\u0117je mi\u0161kininkyst\u0117je nenaudojami pesticidai ar kiti chemikalai, o tai turi prie\u0161ing\u0105 poveik\u012f nei monokult\u016bros, nes dirvo\u017eemis po kiekvieno naujo derliaus nu\u0117mimo tampa labai turtingas d\u0117l likusi\u0173 organini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 - d\u0117l to dirvo\u017eemio pavir\u0161iuje, augaluose, taigi ir aplinkoje, padaug\u0117ja anglies dioksido. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taip susidaro vandens ciklas, leid\u017eiantis ekosistemai pa\u010diai gaminti vanden\u012f, o ne tik j\u012f vartoti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u0117l to did\u0117ja biologin\u0117 \u012fvairov\u0117, dirvo\u017eemyje i\u0161silaiko daugiau maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173, kei\u010diasi mikroklimatas ir did\u0117ja santykin\u0117 oro dr\u0117gm\u0117.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pagrindiniai agrarin\u0117s mi\u0161kininkyst\u0117s tikslai: sukurti daugiau gyvyb\u0117s, didesn\u012f dirvo\u017eemio derlingum\u0105 ir nat\u016braliai klestin\u010di\u0105 aplink\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daugiau teigiam\u0173 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173, kod\u0117l verta diegti agrarin\u0119 mi\u0161kininkyst\u0119, yra \u0161ios:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

- Sodinimo ir prie\u017ei\u016bros i\u0161laid\u0173 ma\u017einimas<\/p>\n\n\n\n

- \u016akininko \u0161eimos pajam\u0173 padid\u0117jimas<\/p>\n\n\n\n

- Maisto kokyb\u0117s gerinimas,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

- Suma\u017einti dirvo\u017eemio erozij\u0105<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ir kaip jau buvo min\u0117ta anks\u010diau,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

- Nualint\u0173 teritorij\u0173 atk\u016brimas.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Henrique Souza, Brazilijos agrarin\u0117s mi\u0161kininkyst\u0117s \u016bkininkas, Ernsto draugas, Bahijoje, Brazilijoje, yra dar vieno s\u0117kmingo agrarin\u0117s mi\u0161kininkyst\u0117s \u016bkio pavyzd\u017eio savininkas.<\/a>  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dokumentiniame filme, pavadintame Gamtos knyga<\/a> jis ai\u0161kina, kad \"sintetinis \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkis yra prie\u0161ingas entropijai, kuri laikui b\u0117gant i\u0161sekina dirvo\u017eem\u012f ir jame nebelieka maisting\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173, o sintetin\u0117je sistemoje, kai daugiau dirbama, vystomasi ir susiejama su i\u0161tekliais, tie patys i\u0161tekliai auga ir did\u0117ja visais at\u017evilgiais\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At\u0117jo laikas prad\u0117ti prakti\u0161kai taikyti alternatyvius gyvenimo b\u016bdus, kurie nekenkia m\u016bs\u0173 planetai ir jos neter\u0161ia. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Monokult\u016bra n\u0117ra ilgalaik\u0117 tvari gamybos galimyb\u0117, nes ji sunaudoja daug dirvo\u017eemio i\u0161tekli\u0173, bet j\u0173 negr\u0105\u017eina, o aplinka tampa prasta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tod\u0117l agrarin\u0117 mi\u0161kininkyst\u0117 praturtina ne tik \u017eem\u0119, bet ir vis\u0105 ekosistem\u0105, be to, padeda skurd\u017eiai aplinkai atsigauti ir v\u0117l tapti produktyvia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Agrarin\u0117 mi\u0161kininkyst\u0117, \u0161is naujas metodas - gamtos \u012fkv\u0117pta metodika - gali b\u016bti svarbus \u017eingsnis ma\u017einant tokias problemas kaip klimato kaita, dirvo\u017eemio degradacija ir transgeniniai augalai, si\u016blant ir darant didesn\u012f teigiam\u0105 poveik\u012f pasauliniu mastu. Kiekviena diena yra poky\u010di\u0173 diena. Taigi, prad\u0117kime dabar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

___<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Naudodamiesi Mind the Graph platformos \u012frankiais galite sukurti bet koki\u0105 infografik\u0105, kokia tik \u0161auna \u012f galv\u0105. Mokslininkus paver\u010diame dizaineriais, kad padidintume j\u0173 poveik\u012f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u016bs, mokslininkas, dirbantis su botanika<\/a>, mityba<\/a>, entomologija<\/a>, arba \u017eem\u0117s mokslai<\/a>, platformoje yra paruo\u0161t\u0173 iliustracij\u0173, kurias galite naudoti savo darbe. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gra\u017eiomis ir tiksliomis iliustracijomis galite padidinti dokumento ar pristatymo poveik\u012f ir pagerinti savo darb\u0105. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jei dar nesate naudotojas, galite prad\u0117ti nemokam\u0105 bandom\u0105j\u0105 versij\u0105 dabar<\/a>! Prisijunkite prie m\u016bs\u0173 Mind the Graph.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u016akininkai ir \u017eemdirbiai, siekdami i\u0161maitinti nuolat augan\u010di\u0105 populiacij\u0105, da\u017eniausiai augina monokult\u016bras. D\u0117l tokio gamybos b\u016bdo planetai kilo ne viena ir ne kelios problemos. Dirvo\u017eemio maisting\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 praradimas, dirvo\u017eemio degradacija ir mi\u0161k\u0173 gaisrai - tai tik keli pavyzd\u017eiai.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12230,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[66,959,958],"tags":[824,51,825,554],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is Agroforestry and Why It is Better Than Monoculture - MTG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"People often compare agroforestry and monoculture. In this blog, we have discussed what is agroforestry and why it is better than monoculture.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/agrarine-miskininkyste-ir-monokultura\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"lt_LT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is Agroforestry and Why It is Better Than Monoculture - MTG\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"People often compare agroforestry and monoculture. In this blog, we have discussed what is agroforestry and why it is better than monoculture.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/agrarine-miskininkyste-ir-monokultura\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-02-01T12:50:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-05T17:44:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/what-is-agroforestry-and-why-it-is-better-than-monoculture.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1123\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"612\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fabricio Pamplona\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fabricio Pamplona\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"What is Agroforestry and Why It is Better Than Monoculture - MTG","description":"People often compare agroforestry and monoculture. 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He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. Connect with him on LinkedIn - Fabricio Pamplona.","sameAs":["http:\/\/mindthegraph.com","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/fabriciopamplona"],"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/author\/fabricio\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12225"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12225"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26039,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12225\/revisions\/26039"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12225"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12225"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}