{"id":11803,"date":"2020-10-28T09:30:35","date_gmt":"2020-10-28T11:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=11803"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:09:32","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:09:32","slug":"rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/lt\/rt-pcr-testas-koronavirusui\/","title":{"rendered":"RT-PCR koronaviruso tyrimas"},"content":{"rendered":"

I\u0161 daugelio dalyk\u0173, kuriuos gird\u0117jote apie COVID-19 2020 m., vienas i\u0161 j\u0173 yra testas, naudojamas siekiant nustatyti, ar asmuo yra u\u017esikr\u0117t\u0119s \u0161iuo virusu, garsusis RT-PCR testas arba tik PGR.<\/span><\/p>\n

Be abejo, apie \u0161\u012f test\u0105 jau esate gird\u0117j\u0119 i\u0161 medik\u0173 ar naujien\u0173. PGR testas naudojamas virusui \u017emogaus organizme nustatyti (arba ne).<\/span><\/p>\n

RT-PCR tyrimas n\u0117ra vienintelis, kuriuo galima nustatyti virus\u0105, ta\u010diau, palyginti su kitais metodais, jis yra tiksliausias ir patikimiausias. Kitas tyrimas - \u012fprastinis serologinis tyrimas, kuriuo kraujo m\u0117giniuose nustatomas specifinis antik\u016bn\u0173 kiekis.<\/span><\/p>\n

RT-PCR raid\u0117s rei\u0161kia <\/span>Atvirk\u0161tin\u0117s transkripcijos polimeraz\u0117s grandinin\u0117 reakcija<\/b>, jau de\u0161imtme\u010dius mokslininkai j\u012f naudoja daugybei genetin\u0117s med\u017eiagos kopij\u0173 gaminti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kitaip tariant, \u0161iuo atveju daugiau SARS-CoV-2 genetin\u0117s med\u017eiagos, kuri naudojama kaip pir\u0161t\u0173 atspaudai, patvirtinantys viruso buvim\u0105 i\u0161 pacient\u0173 paimtuose nosies, aus\u0173 ar seili\u0173 m\u0117giniuose. Jei m\u0117ginyje yra pasl\u0117pt\u0173 virus\u0173, net ir nedideliais kiekiais, jis gal\u0117s juos aptikti d\u0117l savo kopijavimo-pa\u0161alinimo ciklo. \u0160tai kod\u0117l RT-PCR tyrimas yra toks patikimas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Testas<\/b> tai metodas, kurio metu i\u0161 esm\u0117s atliekami du temperat\u016bros ciklo etapai, kuri\u0173 metu kopijuojamas ir \u012fklijuojamas genetin\u0117s med\u017eiagos (DNR arba RNR) fragmentas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Testui atlikti reikia <\/span>termociklerio aparatas<\/b> kurio tikslus <\/span>temperat\u016bros ir laiko reguliavimas<\/b>. Per kelis temperat\u016bros ciklus viruso genetin\u0117 med\u017eiaga padid\u0117ja. Toliau pateikiamas temperat\u016bros ciklo pavyzdys.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0160iam metodui reikia dviej\u0173 pagrindini\u0173 ferment\u0173 - atvirk\u0161tin\u0117s transkriptaz\u0117s (tod\u0117l pavadinime ir yra \"RT\") ir DNR polimeraz\u0117s. Kiekvienas i\u0161 j\u0173 turi savo veikimo faz\u0119 ir funkcij\u0105. Auk\u0161\u010diau pateiktame paveiksl\u0117lyje geltonoje ciklo faz\u0117je veikia RT, o raudonoje - DNR polimeraz\u0117.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pirmasis fermentas i\u0161 RNR viruso sukuria papildom\u0105 DNR grandin\u0119, tod\u0117l antrasis fermentas gali kopijuoti ir \u012fklijuoti nauj\u0105, k\u0105 tik sukurt\u0105 DNR grandin\u0119, taip padidindamas genetin\u0117s med\u017eiagos kiek\u012f. Toks amplifikavimas leid\u017eia apib\u016bdinti genetin\u0119 med\u017eiag\u0105 ir (arba) ja manipuliuoti, kai ma\u017eesniame kiekyje tai b\u016bt\u0173 ne\u012fmanoma.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Kad visi \u0161ie procesai vykt\u0173, fermentams reikia ma\u017eos (arba didel\u0117s) molekul\u0117s, vadinamos PRIMERIU. Pradmens funkcija - nurodyti viet\u0105, kurioje fermentas turi prad\u0117ti ilginti grandines, be jo DNR polimeraz\u0117s kopijavimo procesas neprasid\u0117s.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gruntas gali b\u016bti pasirinktas atsitiktinis arba tam tikros formos. Tokiais atvejais labai svarbu \u017einoti viruso genetin\u012f \u017eem\u0117lap\u012f, kad b\u016bt\u0173 galima naudoti specifinius pradmenis ir taip padidinti rezultat\u0173 efektyvum\u0105 ir patikimum\u0105.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jei esate smals\u016bs kaip ir mes ir norite su\u017einoti daugiau informacijos apie RT-PCR, galite patikrinti daugiau informacijos\u00a0<\/span> \u0161is mokslinis straipsnis <\/span>\u010dia<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 bet i\u0161 esm\u0117s \u010dia yra viskas, ko reikia bandymui atlikti:<\/span><\/p>\n

Viruso genetin\u0117 med\u017eiaga, RNR<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Atvirk\u0161tin\u0117s transkriptaz\u0117s ir DNR polimeraz\u0117s fermentai<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

PRIMERAI<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nukleozid\u0173 trifosfatai<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ir fluorescenciniai reporteriniai da\u017eikliai:\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Norint su\u017einoti m\u0117ginio, kuris gali b\u016bti arba neb\u016bti u\u017ekr\u0117stas COVID-19 virusu, rezultatus, kartu su RT-PCR tyrimu naudojamas fluorescencini\u0173 reporterini\u0173 da\u017e\u0173 tyrimas. Tyrimas grind\u017eiamas m\u0117ginio fluorescencinio signalo buvimu arba nebuvimu. Jei signalo n\u0117ra, tyrimas gali b\u016bti laikomas neigiamu arba klaidingai neigiamu. Esant intensyviam signalui, galima daryti i\u0161vad\u0105, kad virusas ne tik teigiamas, bet ir kad liga yra pa\u017eengusios stadijos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sumai\u0161ykite visas sudedam\u0105sias dalis ir \u012fd\u0117kite \u012f termociklin\u0119 ma\u0161in\u0105.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Pirmasis testo etapas parodytas infografike. RT fermentas sukuria pirm\u0105j\u0105 m\u0117ginyje esan\u010dio viruso genetin\u0117s med\u017eiagos kopij\u0105. Toliau pateikiamas antrasis RT-PCR metodo etapas. Pradmuo nurodo prad\u017eios pad\u0117t\u012f, o DNR polimeraz\u0117 per fermentin\u0119 reakcij\u0105 pradeda ilginti DNR grandines.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"RT-PCR<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Galiausiai \u0161ioje nuotraukoje yra SARS-CoV-2 viruso elektronin\u0117s mikrografijos vaizdas, i\u0161 kurio puikiai matyti viruso strukt\u016bra. Argi ne gra\u017eu?\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Testas yra sud\u0117tingas ir n\u0117ra toks paprastas, kaip atrodo, bet la\u017einuosi, kad su infografikos buvo daug lengviau suprasti bendr\u0105 vaizd\u0105, kaip jis veikia, tiesa?<\/span><\/p>\n

Tai galite padaryti naudodami bet koki\u0105 mokslin\u0119 informacij\u0105, kuri\u0105 norite gauti naudodami\u00a0<\/span> Mind the Graph<\/span><\/a>. \u0160i platforma skirta suteikti jums savaranki\u0161kumo, kad gal\u0117tum\u0117te geriau perduoti mokslin\u0119 informacij\u0105. Su\u017einokite daugiau apie tai, kaip naudotis platforma, o jei reikia pagalbos, susisiekite su mumis.<\/span>!<\/b><\/p>\n

Nuoroda<\/b><\/p>\n

AI, T. ir kt. Kr\u016btin\u0117s l\u0105stos kompiuterin\u0117s tomografijos ir RT-PCR tyrim\u0173 d\u0117l 2019 m. koronavirusin\u0117s ligos (COVID-19) koreliacija Kinijoje: A Report of 1014 COVIV (COVI): A Report of 1014 Cases. Radiology, v. 296, n. 2, p. E32-E40, 26 fev. 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

GIBELLINI, D. ir kt. Kiekybinis 1 tipo \u017emogaus imunodeficito viruso (\u017dIV-1) virusin\u0117s apkrovos nustatymas SYBR green realaus laiko RT-PCR metodu \u017dIV-1 seropozityviems pacientams. Journal of Virological Methods, t. 115, n. 2, p. 183-189, 2004 m. vasario 1 d.<\/span><\/p>\n

JAMES, D. Paprastas ir patikimas obel\u0173 stieb\u0173 rauk\u0161l\u0117jimosi viruso aptikimo protokolas, taikant RT-PCR ir daugkartin\u0119 PGR analiz\u0119. Journal of Virological Methods, v. 83, n. 1, p. 1-9, 1 dez. 1999.<\/span><\/p>\n

LI, Y. ir kt. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tyrimo stabilumo problemos hospitalizuotiems pacientams, kuriems klini\u0161kai diagnozuotas COVID-19. Journal of Medical Virology, t. 92, n. 7, p. 903-908, 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

LIAO, C.-S. ir kt. Miniati\u016brin\u0117 RT-PCR sistema, skirta RNR pagrindu sukurtiems virusams diagnozuoti. Nucleic Acids Research, t. 33, n. 18, p. e156-e156, 1 i\u0161. 2005.<\/span><\/p>\n

MOHAN, A. ir kt. Virusin\u0117s infekcijos, nustatytos PGR ir RT-PCR metodais, paplitimas pacientams, sergantiems \u016bminiu LOPL pa\u016bm\u0117jimu: sistemin\u0117 ap\u017evalga. Respirology, v. 15, n. 3, p. 536-542, 2010.<\/span><\/p>\n

NOLAN, T.; HANDS, R. E.; BUSTIN, S. A. MRNA kiekybinis \u012fvertinimas naudojant realaus laiko RT-PCR. Nature Protocols, t. 1, n. 3, p. 1559-1582, ago. 2006.<\/span><\/p>\n

Naujas koronavirusas SARS-CoV-2 | \u0160is perdavimo elektroninis mi... | Flickr. Dispon\u00edvel em: . Acesso em: 23 jul. 2020. <\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11847,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[388,799,554,798,250],"yoast_head":"\nThe RT-PCR Test for Coronavirus - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Read this blog to know everything related to the popular COVID-19 test, RT-PCR or only PCR. 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He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. 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