{"id":8713,"date":"2019-04-18T18:07:31","date_gmt":"2019-04-18T21:07:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=8713"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:24:00","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:24:00","slug":"brain-damage-pig-brains-alive-hours-death","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/id\/kerusakan-otak-babi-otak-hidup-jam-kematian\/","title":{"rendered":"Kerusakan otak: infografis untuk memahami makalah Nature yang baru"},"content":{"rendered":"

Para ilmuwan dari Universitas Yale membuat otak babi tetap hidup di luar tubuh selama berjam-jam setelah kematiannya. Kertas Pemulihan sirkulasi otak dan fungsi seluler beberapa jam setelah kematian<\/strong> menjelaskan eksperimen menggunakan otak babi, yang dapat memberikan pencerahan pada penelitian kerusakan otak. Majalah Nature\u00a0diterbitkan <\/a>koran pada tanggal 17 April.<\/p>\n

\"Bagi sebagian besar sejarah manusia, kematian sangatlah sederhana,\"<\/em> kata Christof Koch. Beliau adalah presiden dan kepala ilmuwan dari Allen Institute for Brain Science di Seattle, Washington. \"Sekarang, kita harus mempertanyakan apa yang tidak dapat diubah.\"\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Tidak ada komunikasi antara neuron-neuron dalam otak ini, jadi tidak ada kesadaran. Tapi sel-sel itu hidup - dan itu saja sudah merupakan penemuan yang sangat besar.<\/p>\n

\"Sebelumnya, temuan telah menunjukkan bahwa pada dasarnya dalam hitungan menit, sel-sel mengalami proses kematian sel,\"<\/em>\u00a0ujar Nenad Sestan, ahli saraf Yale yang memimpin penelitian ini dalam sebuah konferensi pers. \"Apa yang kami tunjukkan adalah bahwa proses kematian sel merupakan proses bertahap, dan beberapa proses tersebut dapat ditunda, dipertahankan, atau bahkan dibalik.\"<\/em><\/p>\n

Eksperimen kerusakan otak<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Menurut Majalah Nature, para peneliti menguji seberapa baik kondisi otak selama periode enam jam. Mereka menemukan bahwa neuron dan sel-sel otak lainnya telah memulai kembali fungsi metabolisme normal, seperti mengonsumsi gula dan memproduksi karbon dioksida. Selain itu, sistem kekebalan otak juga tampak bekerja. Struktur sel individu dan bagian otak dipertahankan. Sebaliknya, sel-sel di otak kontrol, yang tidak menerima larutan kaya nutrisi dan oksigen, runtuh. Dan ketika para ilmuwan mengalirkan listrik ke sampel jaringan dari otak yang dirawat, mereka menemukan bahwa neuron-neuron individu masih dapat membawa sinyal.<\/p>\n

Para ilmuwan menciptakan sebuah sistem yang disebut BrainEx, yang dirancang khusus untuk melemahkan beberapa proses yang bertanggung jawab atas degradasi jaringan di otak postmortem. Sistem ini melibatkan pemompaan larutan yang disebut BEx perfusate. Larutan ini merupakan campuran eksklusif dari zat pelindung, penstabil dan kontras, yang bertindak sebagai pengganti darah. Perfusat juga mengandung bahan kimia yang menghentikan oksidasi jaringan tubuh, yang menghentikan apoptosis. Ini juga mengandung penghambat aktivitas saraf, yang tujuannya ada dua. Mereka memompa larutan ke dalam arteri utama otak yang terisolasi pada suhu tubuh normal.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"babi\"<\/a>
Gambar artikel menunjukkan bagaimana seluruh otak terhubung ke perangkat BEx. Koneksi otak babi ke sistem perfusi dibuat melalui jalur arteri.\u00a0<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Para peneliti menggunakan sekitar 300 kepala babi dari rumah potong hewan milik Departemen Pertanian AS. Setelah mengoptimalkan teknologi, tim menghubungkan 32 otak babi ke sistem BrainEx. Mereka melakukan koneksi 4 jam setelah babi-babi tersebut dibunuh, dan setelah mengeluarkan otak dari tengkorak. Jaringan pompa, pemanas, dan filter yang terkomputerisasi ini mengontrol aliran, suhu, dan larutan perfusat selama enam jam.<\/p>\n

Infografis untuk memahami eksperimen<\/strong><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"preview_77833<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Saya membuat infografis menggunakan Mind the Graph. Jika Anda ingin menggunakan ilustrasi ilmiah yang menarik untuk menjangkau lebih banyak orang dengan penelitian Anda, Anda dapat menggunakan Mind the Graph juga!<\/p>\n

\"preview_250\"<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Para ilmuwan dari Universitas Yale membuat otak babi tetap hidup di luar tubuh selama berjam-jam setelah kematian. Makalah berjudul Restoration of brain circulation and cellular functions hours post-mortem menjelaskan percobaan menggunakan otak babi, yang dapat memberikan pencerahan pada penelitian kerusakan otak. Majalah Nature menerbitkan makalah tersebut pada tanggal 17 April. \"Untuk sebagian besar sejarah manusia, kematian itu sangat sederhana,\" [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8721,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[54,288,287,286,282,554,71,964,775,70],"yoast_head":"\nBrain damage: an infographic to understand the new Nature paper - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists from Yale University kept pig brains alive for hours after death. 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