{"id":25828,"date":"2022-12-06T11:30:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-06T14:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=25828"},"modified":"2022-12-21T15:13:21","modified_gmt":"2022-12-21T18:13:21","slug":"methodological-flaws-in-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/modszertani-hibak-a-kutatasban\/","title":{"rendered":"A kutat\u00e1s m\u00f3dszertani hib\u00e1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Egy kutat\u00e1si dolgozat hib\u00e1it gyakran neh\u00e9z \u00e9szrevenni. \u00c1ltal\u00e1ban k\u00f6nny\u0171 \u00e9szrevenni a hib\u00e1kat egy hom\u00e1lyos, kev\u00e9s f\u00f3kuszt \u00e9s adatot tartalmaz\u00f3 \u00f6sszefoglal\u00f3ban, de n\u00e9ha nehezebb lehet. J\u00f3 h\u00edr: van egy nagyon egyszer\u0171 megold\u00e1s. A szakdolgozatok lektor\u00e1l\u00e1sakor fontos meg\u00e9rteni, hogyan lehet \u00e9szrevenni a hib\u00e1t, hogyan lehet azonos\u00edtani, \u00e9s milyen m\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u0171 a hiba.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lehets\u00e9ges, hogy a hib\u00e1s kutat\u00e1si m\u00f3dszerek f\u00e9lrevezet\u0151 adatokat eredm\u00e9nyeznek. Ha a m\u00f3dszertant nem m\u00e9rlegelik alaposan, a kutat\u00e1s sokf\u00e9lek\u00e9ppen hib\u00e1san v\u00e9gezhet\u0151. Felsorol\u00e1sunk nem korl\u00e1toz\u00f3dik ezekre, de \u00e1ttekint\u00fcnk n\u00e9h\u00e1nyat a leggyakoribbak k\u00f6z\u00fcl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Melyek a kutat\u00e1s m\u00f3dszertani hib\u00e1i?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Minden ter\u00fcleten k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 t\u00edpus\u00fa tanulm\u00e1nyokat v\u00e9geznek, ami k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 t\u00edpus\u00fa kutat\u00e1si hib\u00e1kat eredm\u00e9nyez. Kiindul\u00f3pontk\u00e9nt ez seg\u00edt megel\u0151zni a k\u00e9ziratokban gyakran el\u0151fordul\u00f3 hib\u00e1kat. Gyakorl\u00e1ssal \u00e9s a k\u00e9ziratok kritikus olvas\u00e1s\u00e1ban val\u00f3 j\u00e1rtass\u00e1ggal ez a lista m\u00e9g konkr\u00e9tabb p\u00e9ld\u00e1kkal b\u0151v\u00edthet\u0151.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olvassa el cikk\u00fcnket, hogy t\u00f6bbet tudjon meg a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151kr\u0151l kutat\u00e1si m\u00f3dszertan<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Rossz kutat\u00e1si terv haszn\u00e1lata<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Az \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes, tudom\u00e1nyosan megalapozott eredm\u00e9nyek el\u00e9r\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben a kutat\u00e1s tervez\u00e9se kiemelked\u0151 fontoss\u00e1g\u00fa. A kutat\u00e1s t\u00e1rgyk\u00f6r\u00e9hez tartoz\u00f3 terminol\u00f3gia meg\u00e9rt\u00e9se. Gondolja \u00e1t, hogy egy szokatlan megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9s hogyan befoly\u00e1solhatja az adatokat \u00e9s az elemz\u00e9st, ha egy tanulm\u00e1nyban tal\u00e1lkozik vele. Ford\u00edtson figyelmet a kutat\u00f3k \u00e9rveire \u00e9s indokaira. Valami \u00faj \u00e9s ismeretlen nem felt\u00e9tlen\u00fcl pontatlan vagy hib\u00e1s. Csak t\u00f6bb figyelmet ig\u00e9nyel a fel\u00fclvizsg\u00e1lati folyamat sor\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. A mint\u00e1k m\u00e9ret\u00e9nek kiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1sa<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Egyes esetekben az eredm\u00e9nyek olyan mint\u00e1b\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaznak, amely t\u00fal kicsi a pontos elemz\u00e9shez. A val\u00f3s adatok elemz\u00e9sekor sz\u00fcks\u00e9g van egy kis r\u00e1l\u00e1t\u00e1sra. A helyzett\u0151l f\u00fcgg\u0151en az egyik forgat\u00f3k\u00f6nyv \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes lehet, m\u00edg a m\u00e1sik nem. Az adatok elemz\u00e9sekor ez\u00e9rt figyelembe kell venni a minta m\u00e9ret\u00e9t \u00e9s azt, hogy az fel\u00f6leli-e a teljes demogr\u00e1fiai csoportot. A kis mint\u00e1kat nem lehet sz\u00e1zal\u00e9kos ar\u00e1nyokkal elemezni; mindig abszol\u00fat sz\u00e1mokat kell felt\u00fcntetni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. Nem k\u00f6vetett m\u00f3dszertanok\/szabv\u00e1nyok<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        A m\u00f3dszerek r\u00e9szben magyar\u00e1zatot kell adni az eredm\u00e9nyek el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak m\u00f3dj\u00e1ra. Ha k\u00e9rd\u00e9sei vannak az \u00e1br\u00e1k \u00e9rv\u00e9nyess\u00e9g\u00e9vel kapcsolatban, fel kell vetnie azokat. Alaposan vizsg\u00e1lja meg a kutat\u00f3k indokl\u00e1s\u00e1t az esetleges anom\u00e1li\u00e1k tekintet\u00e9ben, hogy sz\u00fcks\u00e9g eset\u00e9n tov\u00e1bbi k\u00e9rd\u00e9seket tehessen fel. Az irrelev\u00e1ns nyelvezet, az elfogult kijelent\u00e9sek \u00e9s a v\u00e9lem\u00e9nyvez\u00e9relt diskurzus haszn\u00e1lata a tanulm\u00e1ny sor\u00e1n szint\u00e9n rossz gyakorlatnak sz\u00e1m\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. Szavak b\u0151ven<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          A t\u00fal sok sz\u00f3sz\u00e1ty\u00e1rs\u00e1g gyakori probl\u00e9ma a k\u00e9ziratokban. Amennyire csak lehets\u00e9ges, gondoskodjon arr\u00f3l, hogy sz\u00f6vegei t\u00f6m\u00f6rek, egyszer\u0171ek \u00e9s hat\u00e1sosak legyenek. Az olvas\u00f3 elvesz\u00edtheti az \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9t egy kutat\u00e1si cikk ir\u00e1nt, ha az t\u00fals\u00e1gosan sz\u00f3sz\u00e1ty\u00e1r, ami f\u00e9lre\u00e9rtelmez\u00e9shez vezethet. Az ilyen jelleg\u0171 hib\u00e1k tapasztalat hi\u00e1ny\u00e1ban id\u0151nk\u00e9nt el\u0151fordulnak, azonban fontos, hogy ker\u00fclj\u00fck a gyakran \u00fagy fel\u00e9p\u00edtett k\u00e9rd\u00e9seket, hogy azok torz\u00edts\u00e1k az eredm\u00e9nyeket. Egy \u00faj k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edvvel v\u00e9gzett kutat\u00e1s az egyetlen m\u00f3dja ennek a hib\u00e1nak a felold\u00e1s\u00e1ra, ellent\u00e9tben n\u00e9h\u00e1ny m\u00e1s t\u00edpus\u00fa hib\u00e1val.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. A meggy\u0151z\u0151 bizony\u00edt\u00e9k nem elegend\u0151<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            L\u00e9nyeges, hogy a kutat\u00e1si dolgozat \u00f6sszefoglal\u00f3 \u00e9s konkl\u00fazi\u00f3s bekezd\u00e9sei bizony\u00edt\u00e9kokon alapuljanak \u00e9s indokoltak legyenek. El\u0151fordulhat, hogy a kutat\u00f3k m\u00f3dszertani megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9vel, tov\u00e1bbi hivatkoz\u00e1sokkal kapcsolatos probl\u00e9ma mer\u00fcl fel, vagy olyan tov\u00e1bbi adatokra van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g, amelyek nem \u00e9rtenek egyet az eredm\u00e9nyekkel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            A vil\u00e1g legnagyobb, tudom\u00e1nyosan pontos illusztr\u00e1ci\u00f3kat tartalmaz\u00f3 gy\u0171jtem\u00e9nye<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            Igen, j\u00f3l olvasta. Az Mind the Graph seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel a tudom\u00e1nyt a lehet\u0151 legjobban kommunik\u00e1lhatja a tudom\u00e1nyter\u00fcletek sz\u00e9les sk\u00e1l\u00e1j\u00e1t illusztr\u00e1l\u00f3 tudom\u00e1nyos illusztr\u00e1ci\u00f3k seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel. Mindenk\u00e9ppen n\u00e9zze meg gal\u00e9ri\u00e1nkat, amelyet rendszeresen friss\u00edt\u00fcnk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            <\/div>\n\n\n
            \n
            \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
            <\/div>\n\n\n\n
            \n
            N\u00f6velje a kutat\u00e1som illusztr\u00e1ci\u00f3kkal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
            <\/div>\n\n\n\n
            <\/div>\n\n\n\n

            <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Egy kutat\u00e1si dolgozat hib\u00e1it gyakran neh\u00e9z \u00e9szrevenni. Ismerje meg ebben a cikkben a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 t\u00edpusokat \u00e9s azt, hogyan ker\u00fclheti el \u0151ket a kutat\u00e1s\u00e1ban.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":25830,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nMethodological flaws in research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A research paper's flaws are often hard to detect. 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As a science enthusiast, she is keen in learning more about the scientific world and wants to play a part in making a difference.","sameAs":["http:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/aayushizaveri"],"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/author\/aayuyshi\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25828"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25828"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25828\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25839,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25828\/revisions\/25839"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25830"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25828"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25828"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25828"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}