{"id":5308,"date":"2018-08-23T18:00:17","date_gmt":"2018-08-23T21:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=5308"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:10:19","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:10:19","slug":"fresh-ideas-in-science","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/fr\/idees-fraiches-en-sciences\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cates-vous trop vieux pour la science ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/article-of-the-future\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5312 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/sir_isaac-218x300.jpg\" alt=\"science\" width=\"218\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/sir_isaac-218x300.jpg 218w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/sir_isaac.jpg 407w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 218px) 100vw, 218px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Isaac Newton<\/strong><br \/>\n45 ans - Publication des Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Principes math\u00e9matiques de la philosophie naturelle), qui contiennent les trois lois du mouvement de Newton.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/article-of-the-future\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5310 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/20121006140551charles_darwin_by_g_richmond-199x300.jpg\" alt=\"science\" width=\"199\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/20121006140551charles_darwin_by_g_richmond-199x300.jpg 199w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/20121006140551charles_darwin_by_g_richmond.jpg 511w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 199px) 100vw, 199px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Charles Darwin<\/strong><br \/>\n27 ans - Commence \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper une th\u00e9orie r\u00e9volutionnaire sur l'origine des \u00eatres vivants<br \/>\n50 ans - Publication du livre \"De l'origine des esp\u00e8ces par le moyen de la s\u00e9lection naturelle\".<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/article-of-the-future\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-5311 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/einstein270a.jpg\" alt=\"science\" width=\"270\" height=\"270\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/einstein270a.jpg 270w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/einstein270a-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 270px) 100vw, 270px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Albert Einstein<\/strong><br \/>\n36-37 ans - Pr\u00e9sente la th\u00e9orie g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la relativit\u00e9, consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la contribution scientifique la plus remarquable du XXe si\u00e8cle.<br \/>\n41 ans - Obtention du prix Nobel<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/article-of-the-future\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-5309 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/5926637_orig.jpg\" alt=\"science\" width=\"250\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/5926637_orig.jpg 250w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/5926637_orig-209x300.jpg 209w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Stephen Hawking<\/strong><br \/>\n32 ans - A montr\u00e9 que les trous noirs ne sont pas les vides d'information que les scientifiques pensaient qu'ils \u00e9taient (rayonnement Hawking).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Vous ressentez la pression d'avoir d\u00e9j\u00e0 votre perc\u00e9e majeure en science ?<\/p>\n<p>Ces quatre personnalit\u00e9s font partie des personnes les plus brillantes de tous les temps. On peut donc penser que c'est leur intellect qui leur a permis de faire des d\u00e9couvertes \u00e9tonnantes \u00e0 un jeune \u00e2ge. Cependant, aussi r\u00e9confortant que cela puisse para\u00eetre, cela pourrait ne pas \u00eatre vrai.<\/p>\n<p>En fait, \u00eatre jeune a beaucoup plus \u00e0 voir avec le fait d'avoir de grandes id\u00e9es qu'avec le fait d'\u00eatre un g\u00e9nie.<\/p>\n<p>\u00catre jeune signifie \u00eatre plus ouvert aux nouvelles id\u00e9es ; cela signifie <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/article-of-the-future\/\">\u00eatre innovant et audacieux<\/a>. Les jeunes scientifiques sont plus enclins \u00e0 s'int\u00e9resser aux nouvelles th\u00e9ories ou techniques, tandis que les scientifiques plus exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s peuvent avoir d'autres pr\u00e9occupations.<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/article-of-the-future\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5826 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/i-love-science-300x120.png\" alt=\"science\" width=\"300\" height=\"120\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/i-love-science-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/i-love-science-1024x410.png 1024w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/i-love-science.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>La nature a donc de mauvaises nouvelles (ou de bonnes, selon le point de vue) : <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/young-scientists-lead-the-way-on-fresh-ideas-1.16934\">Les jeunes scientifiques ouvrent la voie \u00e0 de nouvelles id\u00e9es<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>En 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w20920.pdf\">M. Packalen et J. Bhattacharya<\/a> a publi\u00e9 un article sur la relation entre l'\u00e2ge et la capacit\u00e9 d'innover.<\/p>\n<p>Pour recueillir les donn\u00e9es, les auteurs ont utilis\u00e9 MEDLINE (le principal index de la recherche biom\u00e9dicale) et ont consult\u00e9 plus de 21 millions de publications depuis 1946.<\/p>\n<p>Premi\u00e8rement, les auteurs ont class\u00e9 tous les titres et r\u00e9sum\u00e9s en utilisant les concepts les plus populaires. Ensuite, ils ont analys\u00e9 les premiers adoptants de ces concepts.<\/p>\n<p>En proc\u00e9dant ainsi, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 possible de v\u00e9rifier quels scientifiques \u00e9taient les plus enclins \u00e0 adopter de nouvelles id\u00e9es. Et comme les auteurs n'ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 en mesure de mesurer l'\u00e2ge exact de tous les scientifiques, ils ont utilis\u00e9 l'\u00e2ge de carri\u00e8re des scientifiques.<\/p>\n<p>Voici ce qu'ils ont trouv\u00e9 :<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/article-of-the-future\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5315 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/nature-youth-ideas-chart-online.png\" alt=\"science\" width=\"630\" height=\"365\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>La recherche est all\u00e9e plus loin. Les auteurs ont \u00e9galement analys\u00e9 la combinaison du premier et du dernier auteur.<\/p>\n<p>Le r\u00e9sultat donne de l'espoir aux recherches plus anciennes : la combinaison d'un premier auteur en d\u00e9but de carri\u00e8re et d'un dernier auteur en milieu de carri\u00e8re \u00e9tait la plus innovante. Cela signifie qu'une id\u00e9e nouvelle est meilleure si elle est accompagn\u00e9e d'une exp\u00e9rience et de connaissances pr\u00e9alables.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/article-of-the-future\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5314 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/nature-career-development-190215.png\" alt=\"science\" width=\"630\" height=\"782\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/nature-career-development-190215.png 630w, https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/nature-career-development-190215-242x300.png 242w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Enfin, aussi arbitraire que puisse \u00eatre cette recherche, elle suscite des questionnements pertinents :<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li>Quel est le r\u00f4le des jeunes chercheurs dans le maintien de la fra\u00eecheur et des tendances de la science ?<\/li>\n<li>Comment r\u00e9duire l'\u00e9cart entre les nouvelles id\u00e9es et les techniques connues ?<\/li>\n<li>Pourquoi les chercheurs plus \u00e2g\u00e9s sont-ils moins enclins \u00e0 innover ? Et comment cela se r\u00e9percute-t-il sur notre fa\u00e7on de faire de la science ?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/article-of-the-future\/\">Vous voulez \u00eatre innovant ?<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Isaac Newton 45 ans - Publie les Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Principes math\u00e9matiques de la philosophie naturelle), qui contiennent les trois lois du mouvement de Newton. Charles Darwin 27 ans - Commence \u00e0 \u00e9laborer une th\u00e9orie r\u00e9volutionnaire sur l'origine des \u00eatres vivants 50 ans - Publie le livre \"On the Origin of Species by Means of [...]\".<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5315,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[40],"tags":[554,250],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Are you too old for science? - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Being young means to be more open to new ideas; it means to be innovative and daring. 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He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. 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