{"id":11142,"date":"2020-04-02T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-02T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=11142"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:22:58","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:22:58","slug":"dr-flemings-microbiology-scientific-illustrations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/fr\/dr-flemings-microbiology-scientific-illustrations\/","title":{"rendered":"Illustrations scientifiques du Dr Flemings sur la microbiologie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le Dr Flemming est probablement le scientifique le plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre dans le domaine de la microbiologie. Il est connu pour la d\u00e9couverte de la p\u00e9niciline \u00e0 partir de sa culture de micro-organismes du champignon Penicillium sp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

L'histoire de sa d\u00e9couverte est que Fleming avait \u00e9tudi\u00e9 les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s des staphylocoques. Un jour, il a remarqu\u00e9 qu'une culture \u00e9tait contamin\u00e9e par un champignon et que les colonies de staphylocoques entourant imm\u00e9diatement le champignon avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truites, alors que d'autres colonies de staphylocoques plus \u00e9loign\u00e9es \u00e9taient normales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fleming a cultiv\u00e9 la moisissure dans une culture pure et a d\u00e9couvert qu'elle produisait une substance qui tuait un certain nombre de bact\u00e9ries pathog\u00e8nes. Il a identifi\u00e9 la moisissure comme appartenant au genre Penicillium, d'o\u00f9 il a extrait et purifi\u00e9 la substance p\u00e9nicilline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Il a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 son effet antibact\u00e9rien positif sur de nombreux organismes et a remarqu\u00e9 qu'il affectait des bact\u00e9ries telles que les staphylocoques et de nombreux autres agents pathog\u00e8nes \u00e0 Gram positif qui provoquent la scarlatine, la pneumonie, la m\u00e9ningite et la dipht\u00e9rie, mais pas la fi\u00e8vre typho\u00efde ou la fi\u00e8vre paratypho\u00efde, qui sont caus\u00e9es par des bact\u00e9ries \u00e0 Gram n\u00e9gatif, pour lesquelles il cherchait un rem\u00e8de \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque. Il a \u00e9galement affect\u00e9 Neisseria gonorrhoeae, qui cause la gonorrh\u00e9e, bien que cette bact\u00e9rie soit Gram-n\u00e9gative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fleming a publi\u00e9 sa d\u00e9couverte en 1929, dans le British Journal of Experimental Pathology, mais son article a suscit\u00e9 peu d'int\u00e9r\u00eat. Il est devenu c\u00e9l\u00e8bre par la suite car la p\u00e9nicilline a \u00e9t\u00e9 largement utilis\u00e9e pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale et a sauv\u00e9 la vie de nombreux soldats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C'\u00e9tait le coup d'envoi du domaine de la th\u00e9rapeutique antibiotique. Aujourd'hui, l'horizon est plus large et beaucoup d'espoir est d\u00e9pos\u00e9 sur l'utilisation quotidienne de probiotiques comme le k\u00e9fir, le kombusha et la modulation du microbiote intestinal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vous trouverez toutes ces illustrations et bien d'autres encore sur la microbiologie dans notre collection \u00e0 l'adresse suivante mindthegraph.com<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L'histoire de sa d\u00e9couverte est que Fleming avait \u00e9tudi\u00e9 les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s des staphylocoques. Un jour, il a remarqu\u00e9 qu'une culture \u00e9tait contamin\u00e9e par un champignon, et que les colonies de staphylocoques entourant imm\u00e9diatement le champignon avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truites, alors que d'autres colonies de staphylocoques plus \u00e9loign\u00e9es \u00e9taient normales. Fleming fit pousser la moisissure dans une culture pure [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11147,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[40,195,958,957],"tags":[451,442,168,456,450,346,457,452,455,454,453,210,775,70],"yoast_head":"\nDr. Flemings Microbiology Scientific Illustrations - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dr. Flemming is renowned for the discovery of penicilin and became the "father" of Microbiology. 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