{"id":8713,"date":"2019-04-18T18:07:31","date_gmt":"2019-04-18T21:07:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=8713"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:24:00","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:24:00","slug":"brain-damage-pig-brains-alive-hours-death","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/brain-damage-pig-brain-alive-hours-death\/","title":{"rendered":"Ajukahjustus: infograafika uue Nature'i artikli m\u00f5istmiseks"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yale'i \u00fclikooli teadlased hoidsid sigade ajusid v\u00e4ljaspool keha elus tundide jooksul p\u00e4rast surma. Paber Aju vereringe ja rakufunktsioonide taastamine tundide jooksul p\u00e4rast surma<\/strong> selgitab eksperimenti, milles kasutatakse sigade ajusid, mis v\u00f5ib tuua valgust ajukahjustuste uurimisse. Ajakiri Nature\u00a0avaldatud <\/a>paber 17. aprillil.<\/p>\n

\"Suurema osa inimajaloo jooksul oli surm v\u00e4ga lihtne,\"<\/em> \u00fctleb Christof Koch. Ta on Washingtoni osariigis Seattle'is asuva Allen Institute for Brain Science'i president ja juhtivteadur. \"N\u00fc\u00fcd peame k\u00fcsima, mis on p\u00f6\u00f6rdumatu.\"\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Neuronite vahel puudub side, seega ei olnud teadvust. Aga rakud olid elus - ja see \u00fcksi on v\u00e4ga suur avastus.<\/p>\n

\"Varasemad leiud on n\u00e4idanud, et p\u00f5him\u00f5tteliselt minutite jooksul toimub rakkude rakusurm,\"<\/em>\u00a0\u00fctles Yale'i neuroteadlane Nenad Sestan, kes juhtis uuringut pressikonverentsil. \"Me n\u00e4itame, et rakusurm on j\u00e4rkj\u00e4rguline, j\u00e4rkj\u00e4rguline protsess ja m\u00f5nda neist protsessidest saab kas edasi l\u00fckata, s\u00e4ilitada v\u00f5i isegi tagasi p\u00f6\u00f6rata.\"<\/em><\/p>\n

Ajukahjustuse eksperiment<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ajakirja Nature Magazine andmetel testisid teadlased, kui h\u00e4sti ajud kuue tunni jooksul hakkama said. Nad leidsid, et neuronid ja teised ajurakud olid taas k\u00e4ivitanud normaalse ainevahetuse, n\u00e4iteks suhkru tarbimise ja s\u00fcsinikdioksiidi tootmise. Samuti tundus, et ajude immuuns\u00fcsteem t\u00f6\u00f6tas. Aju \u00fcksikute rakkude ja l\u00f5ikude struktuurid olid s\u00e4ilinud. Seevastu rakud kontrollitud ajudes, mis ei saanud toitainete ja hapnikuga rikastatud lahust, varisesid kokku. Ja kui teadlased rakendasid t\u00f6\u00f6deldud ajudest v\u00f5etud koeproovidele elektrit, leidsid nad, et \u00fcksikud neuronid suudavad endiselt signaali edastada.<\/p>\n

Teadlased l\u00f5id s\u00fcsteemi BrainEx, mis on spetsiaalselt loodud selleks, et v\u00e4hendada m\u00f5ningaid protsesse, mis vastutavad koe lagunemise eest surmaj\u00e4rgses ajus. S\u00fcsteem h\u00f5lmab BEx-perfusaadiks nimetatud lahuse pumpamist. Lahus on patenteeritud segu kaitsvatest, stabiliseerivatest ja kontrastainetest, mis toimib vere asendajana. Perfusaat sisaldab ka kemikaale, mis peatavad kehakoe oks\u00fcdatsiooni, mis peatab apoptoosi. Samuti sisaldab see neuronaalse aktiivsuse blokaatorit, mille eesm\u00e4rk on kahesugune. Nad pumpasid lahust isoleeritud aju peaarteritesse normaalsel kehatemperatuuril.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"sigade\"<\/a>
Artikli joonisel on n\u00e4idatud, kuidas terve aju \u00fchendati BEx-seadmega. Sea aju \u00fchendati perfusioonis\u00fcsteemiga arterijuhete kaudu.\u00a0<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Teadlased kasutasid umbes 300 sea pead USA p\u00f5llumajandusministeeriumi tapamajast. P\u00e4rast tehnoloogia optimeerimist \u00fchendas t\u00f6\u00f6r\u00fchm 32 sea aju BrainExi s\u00fcsteemiga. Nad tegid \u00fchendamise 4 tundi p\u00e4rast sigade tapmist ja p\u00e4rast ajude eemaldamist koljudest. See arvutip\u00f5hine pumpade, soojendajate ja filtrite v\u00f5rgustik kontrollis voolu, temperatuuri ja patenteeritud perfusaadilahust kuue tunni jooksul.<\/p>\n

Eksperimendi m\u00f5istmiseks infograafika<\/strong><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"eelvaade_77833<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ma l\u00f5in infograafika kasutades Mind the Graph. Kui soovite kasutada atraktiivseid teaduslikke illustratsioone, et j\u00f5uda oma uuringutega rohkemate inimesteni, v\u00f5ite kasutada ka mind the Graphi!<\/p>\n

\"eelvaade_250\"<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yale'i \u00fclikooli teadlased hoidsid sigade ajusid v\u00e4ljaspool keha elus tundide jooksul p\u00e4rast surma. T\u00f6\u00f6 Aju ringluse ja rakufunktsioonide taastamine tundi p\u00e4rast surma selgitab eksperimenti, milles kasutatakse sigade ajusid, mis v\u00f5ib tuua valgust ajukahjustuste uurimisele. Ajakiri Nature avaldas artikli 17. aprillil. \"Suurema osa inimajaloo jooksul oli surm v\u00e4ga lihtne,\" [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8721,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[54,288,287,286,282,554,71,964,775,70],"yoast_head":"\nBrain damage: an infographic to understand the new Nature paper - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists from Yale University kept pig brains alive for hours after death. 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