{"id":26101,"date":"2023-01-06T14:55:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-06T17:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/publication-bias-copy\/"},"modified":"2023-01-12T17:14:12","modified_gmt":"2023-01-12T20:14:12","slug":"molecule-design","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/molekulide-disain\/","title":{"rendered":"Mis on molekuli disain ja millist eesm\u00e4rki see t\u00e4idab?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Raku- ja molekulaarbioloogia m\u00f5istmine on viimasel ajal oluliselt suurenenud. Nende oluliste avastuste abil hakkab teadus edenema, t\u00f6\u00f6tades v\u00e4lja uusi vastuseid vanadele probleemidele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcks neist k\u00e4imasolevatest teaduslikest edusammudest on molekulide disain. Selles artiklis saate rohkem teada molekulide disainist ja selle peamistest eesm\u00e4rkidest lihtsal ja d\u00fcnaamilisel viisil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mis on molekul?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Molekul on kahest v\u00f5i enamast aatomist koosnev r\u00fchm, mis moodustab v\u00e4ikseima \u00e4ratuntava \u00fchiku, milleks puhas materjal v\u00f5ib jaguneda, s\u00e4ilitades selle sisu ja keemilised omadused. Molekule t\u00e4histatakse elemendi s\u00fcmboli ja aatomite arvu n\u00e4itava alajaotusega.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaheaatomilised molekulid tekivad, kui kokku saavad ainult kaks aatomit. S\u00fcsinikmonooksiid (CO) on kaheaatomiline molekul, mis koosneb \u00fchest s\u00fcsinikuaatomist ja \u00fchest hapniku aatomist. Homotoomne kaheaatomiline molekul moodustub, kui kaks t\u00e4pselt sama elemendi aatomit, n\u00e4iteks hapnik (O2) ja l\u00e4mmastik (N) (N2), \u00fchinevad. Mitmeaatomilised molekulid, nagu vesi (H2O) ja s\u00fcsinikdioksiid, sisaldavad rohkem kui kaks aatomit (CO2). Pol\u00fcmeerid on suuremad molekulid, mis v\u00f5ivad sisaldada tuhandeid aatomeid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Molekulidena v\u00f5ivad aatomid koosneda mitmel viisil. Samade aatomite \u00fchendamisel eri kogustes v\u00f5ib moodustada mitu molekuli. Vesi (H2O) moodustub kahest vesinikuaatomist ja \u00fchest hapniku aatomist, vesinikperoksiid aga kahest vesinikuaatomist ja kahest hapniku aatomist (H2O2). Ja samad aatomid v\u00f5ivad kombineeruda samades vahekordades, kuid erineva f\u00fc\u00fcsikalise struktuuriga. Molekuli f\u00fc\u00fcsikaline struktuur m\u00e4\u00e4rab selle omadused. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Molekuli disain<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Molekulide disain on tehniline\/teaduslik konstruktsioon, mis \u00fchendab kaks v\u00f5i enam komponenti, et luua uus bioloogiline aine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keemikud kasutavad tehnilisi teadmisi ja katsetavad k\u00e4sitsi molekuli disaini, lisades ja eemaldades funktsionaalr\u00fchmi - aatomite ja sidemete r\u00fchmitusi, millel on kindlaksm\u00e4\u00e4ratud omadused. Isegi kui kasutatakse meetodeid, mis n\u00e4evad ette ideaalseid soovitud omadusi, peavad keemikud ikkagi iga muutmisetappi k\u00e4sitsi l\u00e4bi viima. See v\u00f5ib v\u00f5tta igas etapis palju aega ja ei anna siiski sobivate omadustega molekule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Molekulide kavandamise eesm\u00e4rk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Farmaatsiat\u00f6\u00f6stuses on molekulide disain v\u00e4\u00e4rtuslik vara. Iga kord, kui uus v\u00e4hiravim v\u00f5etakse kasutusele, on see m\u00e4rk teadlaste j\u00f5upingutustest, kes on aastaid t\u00f6\u00f6tanud kulisside taga uue molekuli disaini loomisel ja katsetamisel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Molekuli disaini muutmise eesm\u00e4rk on muuta ravim nii t\u00f5husaks kui v\u00f5imalik, j\u00e4\u00e4des samal ajal ohutuks ja lihtsasti valmistatavaks. Seda t\u00fc\u00fcpi t\u00f6\u00f6 h\u00f5lmab iga alternatiivse molekulaarstruktuuri ehitamist katsetamiseks, mis on aegan\u00f5udev toiming, isegi kui teadlased kavatsevad muuta ainult \u00fchte s\u00fcsinikuaatomit, teadlased peavad valima selle struktuuri ehitamiseks tuhandete erinevate v\u00f5imaluste hulgast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcks v\u00f5imalus selleks on kasutada arvutip\u00f5hist molekulaarplaneerimist (CAMD). Ravimite v\u00e4ljat\u00f6\u00f6tamine on probleemide lahendamise protsess, mis algab eesm\u00e4rgiga lokaliseerida \u00f5ige molekul ja \u00f5ige f\u00fcsiokeemiline omadus teatud molekulaarruumis. CAMD-algoritm hakkab siin t\u00f6\u00f6le, projekteerides ja arendades nii aktiivseid ravimikomponente kui ka molekulide disaini, kus valitakse abiaine- ja kandemolekulid. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

CAMD tuli demonstreerima, kuidas ta saab toime tulla farmaatsiatehniliste raskustega ja kuidas aegan\u00f5udvad katse-eksituse meetodid v\u00f5ivad oluliselt asenduda arvutip\u00f5histe l\u00e4henemisviisidega. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e4lja on t\u00f6\u00f6tatud mitu uut tehnikat, sealhulgas MIT teadlaste loodud masin\u00f5ppe mudel<\/a> mis v\u00f5ib aidata keemikutel toota palju kiiremini k\u00f5rgema toimeainega molekule, automatiseerides molekulide disaini, et kiirendada ravimite v\u00e4ljat\u00f6\u00f6tamist. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f6\u00f6tage k\u00f5rvuti asjatundlike graafiliste disaineritega, et luua oma uurimist\u00f6\u00f6 jaoks \u00f5ige illustratsioon.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Visuaalsete \u00f5ppijate osakaal on 65% elanikkonnast, vastavalt uuringule<\/a>, v\u00f5ib visuaalsete elementide integreerimine artiklitesse loo edastamiseks olla t\u00f5husam. Infograafikud kasutavad visuaalseid abivahendeid, nagu graafikud, diagrammid ja diagrammid, et aidata inimestel m\u00f5ista keerulisi teemasid. Tehke koost\u00f6\u00f6d Mind The Graph<\/a>ekspertidest graafilistest disaineritest, et luua oma uurimist\u00f6\u00f6 jaoks \u00f5ige illustratsioon ja suurendada oma t\u00f6\u00f6 n\u00e4htavust!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
Suurendada minu uurimist\u00f6\u00f6 illustratsioonidega<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Raku- ja molekulaarbioloogia on viimasel ajal oluliselt paranenud; uuri, mis on molekulaardisain ja kuidas see on teadust revolutsiooniliselt muutnud.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":26109,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is a Molecule Design and what purpose does it serve?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cellular and molecular biology has lately improved substantially; find out what molecule design is and how it is revolutionizing science.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/molekulide-disain\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"et_EE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is a Molecule Design and what purpose does it serve?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cellular and molecular biology has lately improved substantially; find out what molecule design is and how it is revolutionizing science.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/molekulide-disain\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-01-06T17:55:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-12T20:14:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/what-is-molecule-design-blog.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1123\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"612\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jessica Abbadia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"What is a Molecule Design and what purpose does it serve?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Cellular and molecular biology has lately improved substantially; find out what molecule design is and how it is revolutionizing science.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/what-is-molecule-design-blog.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jessica Abbadia\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"What is a Molecule Design and what purpose does it serve?","description":"Cellular and molecular biology has lately improved substantially; find out what molecule design is and how it is revolutionizing science.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/molekulide-disain\/","og_locale":"et_EE","og_type":"article","og_title":"What is a Molecule Design and what purpose does it serve?","og_description":"Cellular and molecular biology has lately improved substantially; find out what molecule design is and how it is revolutionizing science.","og_url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/molekulide-disain\/","og_site_name":"Mind the Graph Blog","article_published_time":"2023-01-06T17:55:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-01-12T20:14:12+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1123,"height":612,"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/what-is-molecule-design-blog.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Jessica Abbadia","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"What is a Molecule Design and what purpose does it serve?","twitter_description":"Cellular and molecular biology has lately improved substantially; find out what molecule design is and how it is revolutionizing science.","twitter_image":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/what-is-molecule-design-blog.jpg","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Jessica Abbadia","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/molecule-design\/","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/molecule-design\/","name":"What is a Molecule Design and what purpose does it serve?","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-01-06T17:55:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-01-12T20:14:12+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/96ecc2d785106e951f7773dc7c96d699"},"description":"Cellular and molecular biology has lately improved substantially; find out what molecule design is and how it is revolutionizing science.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/molecule-design\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"et","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/molecule-design\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/molecule-design\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"What is a Molecule Design and what purpose does it serve?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/","name":"Mind the Graph Blog","description":"Your science can be beautiful!","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"et"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/96ecc2d785106e951f7773dc7c96d699","name":"Jessica Abbadia","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"et","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f477bd20199beb376b04b2fda9a2cec5?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f477bd20199beb376b04b2fda9a2cec5?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Jessica Abbadia"},"description":"Jessica Abbadia is a lawyer that has been working in Digital Marketing since 2020, improving organic performance for apps and websites in various regions through ASO and SEO. Currently developing scientific and intellectual knowledge for the community's benefit. Jessica is an animal rights activist who enjoys reading and drinking strong coffee.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/jessica-abbadia-9b834a13b\/"],"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/author\/jessica\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26101"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26101"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26122,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26101\/revisions\/26122"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}