{"id":11803,"date":"2020-10-28T09:30:35","date_gmt":"2020-10-28T11:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=11803"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:09:32","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:09:32","slug":"rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/rt-pcr-test-koronaviiruse-jaoks\/","title":{"rendered":"Koronaviiruse RT-PCR test"},"content":{"rendered":"

Paljudest asjadest, mida te olete kuulnud COVID-19 kohta 2020. aastal, on \u00fcks asi selle k\u00f5ige keskel see test, mida kasutatakse selle tuvastamiseks, kas keegi on viirusega nakatunud, kuulus RT-PCR test v\u00f5i ainult PCR.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kindlasti olete sellest testist juba varem kuulnud, kas meditsiinit\u00f6\u00f6tajalt v\u00f5i uudistest. PCR-testi kasutatakse selleks, et tuvastada viiruse olemasolu (v\u00f5i puudumist) kellegi organismis.<\/span><\/p>\n

RT-PCR test ei ole ainus, millega saab viirust tuvastada, kuid see on v\u00f5rreldes teiste meetoditega k\u00f5ige t\u00e4psem ja usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsem. Teine test on tavap\u00e4rane seroloogiline test, mis tuvastab vereproovis spetsiifiliste antikehade taset.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e4hed RT-PCR, t\u00e4histab <\/span>P\u00f6\u00f6rdtranskriptsiooni pol\u00fcmeraasi ahelreaktsioon<\/b>seda on teadlased aastak\u00fcmneid kasutanud geneetilise materjali mitmekordse koopia tootmiseks.<\/span><\/p>\n

Teisis\u00f5nu, sel juhul rohkem SARS-CoV-2 geneetilist materjali, mida kasutatakse s\u00f5rmej\u00e4ljena, et t\u00f5endada viiruse olemasolu patsientidelt kogutud nina-, k\u00f5rva- v\u00f5i s\u00fcljeproovides. Kui proovi on peidetud m\u00f5ni viirus isegi v\u00e4ikeses koguses, suudab see oma copy-paste ts\u00fckli t\u00f5ttu seda tuvastada. Seet\u00f5ttu on RT-PCR-test nii usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rne.<\/span><\/p>\n

Test<\/b> on meetod, mille sisemises temperatuurits\u00fcklis on p\u00f5him\u00f5tteliselt kaks sammu, mis teeb geneetilise materjali, kas DNA v\u00f5i RNA, kopeerimise ja kleepimise protsessi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Test n\u00f5uab <\/span>termots\u00fckleri masin<\/b> millel on t\u00e4pne <\/span>temperatuuri ja aja kontroll<\/b>. Mitmete temperatuurits\u00fcklite kaudu suureneb viiruse geneetiline materjal. J\u00e4rgnevalt on esitatud n\u00e4ide temperatuurits\u00fcklist.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Meetod n\u00f5uab kahte peamist ens\u00fc\u00fcmi, p\u00f6\u00f6rdtranskriptaasi (seep\u00e4rast \"RT\" pealkirjas) ja DNA-pol\u00fcmeraasi. Kummalgi neist on oma tegevusetapp ja funktsioon. \u00dclaltoodud joonisel on ts\u00fckli kollane faas see, kui RT toimib, ja punane faas see, kui DNA-pol\u00fcmeraas teeb oma t\u00f6\u00f6d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Esimene ens\u00fc\u00fcm valmistab RNA-viirusest komplementaarse DNA-ahela, mis v\u00f5imaldab teisel ens\u00fc\u00fcmil teostada koopia-kleebimist\u00f6\u00f6d uuest, just valmistatud DNA-ahelast, suurendades olemasoleva geneetilise materjali hulka. Selline v\u00f5imendamine v\u00f5imaldab iseloomustada ja\/v\u00f5i manipuleerida geneetilist materjali, kui v\u00e4iksemas koguses ei oleks see v\u00f5imalik.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Selleks, et k\u00f5ik need protsessid toimuksid, vajavad ens\u00fc\u00fcmid abi v\u00e4ikesest (v\u00f5i suurest) molekulist, mida nimetatakse PRIMERiks. Primeri \u00fclesanne on n\u00e4idata koht, kus ens\u00fc\u00fcm peaks alustama ahelate pikendamist, ilma selleta ei hakka DNA-pol\u00fcmeraasi kopeerimis-liitmisprotsess algama.<\/span><\/p>\n

Primer v\u00f5ib valida juhusliku v\u00f5i konkreetse kuju. Sellisel juhul on v\u00e4ga oluline teada viiruse geneetilist kaarti, et tulemuste t\u00f5hususe ja usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsuse suurendamiseks saaks kasutada konkreetseid praimereid.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kui olete uudishimulik nagu meie ja soovite teada rohkem \u00fcksikasju RT-PCR kohta, v\u00f5ite vaadata rohkem \u00fcksikasju\u00a0<\/span> see teaduslik artikkel <\/span>siinsamas<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 kuid sisuliselt on siin k\u00f5ik, mida on vaja testi tegemiseks:<\/span><\/p>\n

Viiruse geneetiline materjal, RNA<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

P\u00f6\u00f6rdtranskriptaasi ja DNA-pol\u00fcmeraasi ens\u00fc\u00fcmid<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

PRIMERS<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nukleosiidtrifosfaadid<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ja fluorestseeruvad reporterv\u00e4rvid:\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Selleks, et teada saada COVID-19 viirusega saastunud v\u00f5i mitte saastunud proovi tulemusi, kasutatakse koos RT-PCR-testiga fluorestseeruvate v\u00e4rvainete m\u00e4\u00e4ramist. Test p\u00f5hineb proovi fluorestseeriva signaali olemasolul v\u00f5i puudumisel. Signaali puudumisel v\u00f5ib testi j\u00e4reldada negatiivseks v\u00f5i valenegatiivseks. Intensiivse signaali olemasolul v\u00f5ib j\u00e4reldada mitte ainult positiivset viiruse olemasolu, vaid ka kaugelearenenud haiguse olemasolu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Segage k\u00f5ik koostisosad kokku ja pange see termots\u00fckliga masinasse.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Testi esimene etapp on n\u00e4idatud j\u00e4rgmisel infograafikul. RT-ens\u00fc\u00fcm teeb proovis oleva viiruse geneetilise materjali esimese koopia. J\u00e4rgnevalt n\u00e4ete RT-PCR-meetodi teist etappi. Praimer n\u00e4itab stardipositsiooni ja DNA-pol\u00fcmeraas hakkab ens\u00fcmaatilise reaktsiooni kaudu DNA-ahelaid pikendama.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Koronaviiruse<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

L\u00f5puks, see pilt on SARS-CoV-2 viiruse elektronmikroskoopiline kujutis, millel on v\u00f5imalik suurep\u00e4raselt n\u00e4ha viiruse struktuuri. Kas see pole mitte ilus?\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Test on keeruline ja ei olegi nii lihtne, kui tundub, aga ma kihla vedan, et t\u00e4nu infograafikale oli palju lihtsam aru saada, kuidas see toimib, eks ole?<\/span><\/p>\n

Seda saab teha mis tahes teadusliku teabega, kasutades selleks\u00a0<\/span> Mind the Graph<\/span><\/a>. Platvorm on siin selleks, et anda teile autonoomia teadusteabe paremaks edastamiseks. Lisateave selle kohta, kuidas platvormi kasutada, ja kui vajate abi, v\u00f5tke meiega \u00fchendust.<\/span>!<\/b><\/p>\n

Viide<\/b><\/p>\n

AI, T. et al. Coronavirushaiguse 2019 (COVID-19) rindkere CT ja RT-PCR testimise korrelatsioon Hiinas: A Report of 1014 Cases. Radiology, v. 296, n. 2, s. E32-E40, 26 fev. 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

GIBELLINI, D. et al. Inimese immuunpuudulikkuse viiruse t\u00fc\u00fcp 1 (HIV-1) viiruskoormuse kvantitatiivne m\u00e4\u00e4ramine SYBR green reaalajalise RT-PCR tehnikaga HIV-1 seropositiivsetel patsientidel. Journal of Virological Methods, v. 115, n. 2, lk. 183-189, 1 fev. 2004.<\/span><\/p>\n

JAMES, D. Lihtne ja usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rne protokoll \u00f5unte t\u00fcvevigastuse viiruse avastamiseks RT-PCR ja mitmekordse PCR-anal\u00fc\u00fcsi abil. Journal of Virological Methods, v. 83, n. 1, lk. 1-9, 1 dets. 1999.<\/span><\/p>\n

LI, Y. et al. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR-testimise stabiilsusprobleemid kliiniliselt COVID-19-ga diagnoositud hospitaliseeritud patsientidel. Journal of Medical Virology, v. 92, n. 7, lk. 903-908, 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

LIAO, C.-S. et al. Miniatuurne RT-PCR-s\u00fcsteem RNA-p\u00f5histe viiruste diagnoosimiseks. Nucleic Acids Research, v. 33, n. 18, lk. e156-e156, 1 out. 2005.<\/span><\/p>\n

MOHAN, A. et al. PCR ja RT-PCR abil tuvastatud viirusinfektsioonide levimus KOKi \u00e4geda \u00e4genemisega patsientidel: s\u00fcstemaatiline \u00fclevaade. Respiroloogia, v. 15, n. 3, lk. 536-542, 2010.<\/span><\/p>\n

NOLAN, T.; HANDS, R. E.; BUSTIN, S. A. mRNA kvantifitseerimine reaalajalise RT-PCR abil. Nature Protocols, v. 1, n. 3, lk. 1559-1582, ago. 2006.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uus koronaviirus SARS-CoV-2 | See transmissioonielektroni... | Flickr. Dispon\u00edvel em: . Acesso em: 23 juuli 2020. <\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11847,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[388,799,554,798,250],"yoast_head":"\nThe RT-PCR Test for Coronavirus - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Read this blog to know everything related to the popular COVID-19 test, RT-PCR or only PCR. You will get in-depth information about this test of Coronavirus.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"et_EE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The RT-PCR Test for Coronavirus - Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Read this blog to know everything related to the popular COVID-19 test, RT-PCR or only PCR. You will get in-depth information about this test of Coronavirus.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-10-28T11:30:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-10-18T11:09:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/the-rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus-2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1110\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fabricio Pamplona\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fabricio Pamplona\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The RT-PCR Test for Coronavirus - Mind the Graph Blog","description":"Read this blog to know everything related to the popular COVID-19 test, RT-PCR or only PCR. You will get in-depth information about this test of Coronavirus.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/","og_locale":"et_EE","og_type":"article","og_title":"The RT-PCR Test for Coronavirus - Mind the Graph Blog","og_description":"Read this blog to know everything related to the popular COVID-19 test, RT-PCR or only PCR. You will get in-depth information about this test of Coronavirus.","og_url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/","og_site_name":"Mind the Graph Blog","article_published_time":"2020-10-28T11:30:35+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-10-18T11:09:32+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1110,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/the-rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus-2.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Fabricio Pamplona","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Fabricio Pamplona","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/","name":"The RT-PCR Test for Coronavirus - Mind the Graph Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2020-10-28T11:30:35+00:00","dateModified":"2022-10-18T11:09:32+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8eaee6d8007ac319523c3ddc98cedd3"},"description":"Read this blog to know everything related to the popular COVID-19 test, RT-PCR or only PCR. You will get in-depth information about this test of Coronavirus.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"et","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/tr\/rt-pcr-test-for-coronavirus\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The RT-PCR Test for Coronavirus"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/","name":"Mind the Graph Blog","description":"Your science can be beautiful!","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"et"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8eaee6d8007ac319523c3ddc98cedd3","name":"Fabricio Pamplona","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"et","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/da6985d9f20ecb24f3238df103a638ac?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/da6985d9f20ecb24f3238df103a638ac?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Fabricio Pamplona"},"description":"Fabricio Pamplona is the founder of Mind the Graph - a tool used by over 400K users in 60 countries. He has a Ph.D. and solid scientific background in Psychopharmacology and experience as a Guest Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (Germany) and Researcher in D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR, Brazil). Fabricio holds over 2500 citations in Google Scholar. He has 10 years of experience in small innovative businesses, with relevant experience in product design and innovation management. Connect with him on LinkedIn - Fabricio Pamplona.","sameAs":["http:\/\/mindthegraph.com","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/fabriciopamplona"],"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/author\/fabricio\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11803"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11803"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11803\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11850,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11803\/revisions\/11850"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11803"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11803"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11803"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}