{"id":8936,"date":"2019-05-22T17:56:36","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T20:56:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=8936"},"modified":"2022-10-18T11:41:07","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T14:41:07","slug":"ocean-acidification-consequences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/da\/havforsuring-konsekvenser\/","title":{"rendered":"Konsekvenser af havforsuring p\u00e5 havdyr"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kuldioxid er en almindelig gas i atmosf\u00e6ren. Normalt opretholder jordens kulstofkredsl\u00f8b en naturlig balance mellem kulstof i atmosf\u00e6ren, landjorden og havet gennem \"planetens \u00e5ndedr\u00e6t\". Men menneskelige aktiviteter som udledning af fossile br\u00e6ndstoffer bryder balancen i kulstofkredsl\u00f8bet og for\u00e5rsager klimaforandringer i form af \u00f8get drivhuseffekt og forsuring af havene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00e5 for at forst\u00e5 konsekvenserne af havforsuringen er man n\u00f8dt til f\u00f8rst at rekapitulere kulstofkredsl\u00f8bet. Det skrev jeg om her1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Drivhuseffekten muligg\u00f8r liv p\u00e5 Jorden ved at indfange varmen i atmosf\u00e6ren og dermed opvarme planeten. Jeg viste, hvordan det fungerer her1<\/sup>. Men p\u00e5 trods af vigtigheden af det, har stigningen i kuldioxid gjort det til et problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Men ikke al den overskydende kuldioxid bliver i atmosf\u00e6ren. Forskere ansl\u00e5r, at verdenshavene har absorberet en tredjedel af al den kuldioxid, der produceres af menneskelige aktiviteter. Havets fjernelse af kuldioxid fra atmosf\u00e6ren er med til at forsinke omfanget af klimaforandringerne. Men denne fordel har haft en pris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Begynd at bruge Mind The Graph gratis lige nu!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kuldioxid og havets kemi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e5r CO2 er opl\u00f8st i havvand, reagerer det med vand (H2O) og danner kulsyre: H2CO3: CO2 + H2O \u2194 H2CO3. Kulsyre opl\u00f8ses hurtigt og danner H+-ioner (en syre) og bicarbonat, HCO3- (en base). Havvand er naturligt m\u00e6ttet med en anden base, carbonation (CO3-2), der virker som et syreneutraliserende middel, der neutraliserer H+ og danner mere bicarbonat. Nettoreaktionen ser s\u00e5ledes ud: CO2 + H2O + CO3-2\u2192 2HCO3-<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"havforsuring<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Absorptionen af kuldioxid \u00e6ndrer fundamentalt havets kemi ved at udl\u00f8se reaktioner, der g\u00f8r havvandet mere surt, et f\u00e6nomen, der kaldes havforsuring. Faktisk er havet blevet n\u00e6sten 30 procent mere surt, end det var i begyndelsen af den industrielle \u00e6ra. Det er en \u00e6ndring, der er st\u00f8rre og hurtigere, end man har set i de fossile optegnelser, der g\u00e5r mindst 800.000 \u00e5r tilbage, f\u00f8r hvirveldyr og planter dukkede op i de fossile optegnelser.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"forsuring<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
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Lav effektive videnskabsfigurer p\u00e5 f\u00e5 minutter<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Hvordan vil havforsuringen p\u00e5virke livet i havet, f.eks. fisk, koraller og skaldyr?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e5r koncentrationen af hydrogenioner stiger, bliver vandet mere surt. Desuden bliver der f\u00e6rre karbonationer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nogle af de ekstra hydrogenioner reagerer med karbonationer og danner mere bikarbonat. N\u00e5r der bliver mindre karbonat, f\u00e5r disse organismer, s\u00e5som koraller og muslinger, sv\u00e6rere ved at opbygge og vedligeholde deres skaller og skeletter. \u00d8get surhedsgrad kan endda f\u00e5 nogle karbonatskaller og skeletter til at opl\u00f8ses. Hydrogenioner reagerer med det faste calciumcarbonat og omdanner det til opl\u00f8seligt bicarbonat og calciumioner.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

I blandingen af bittesm\u00e5 planter og dyr, der udg\u00f8r plankton, lever en lille havsnegl kaldet pteropoden. P\u00e5 trods af deres lille st\u00f8rrelse er pteropoder en vigtig f\u00f8dekilde for mange arter, herunder fisk, s\u00e6ler og hvaler. Men pteropoder har sarte kalciumkarbonatskaller, som er s\u00e5rbare over for havforsuring. I en r\u00e6kke eksperimenter blev pteropod-skaller anbragt i havvand med den pH-v\u00e6rdi (surhedsgrad), der forventes i Sydhavet i 2100. Inden for 48 timer begyndte pteropod-skallerne at opl\u00f8ses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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F\u00e5 synlighed med Mind The Graph<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Visualisering af din forskning<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Visuelle ressourcer som infografik og videoer er en effektiv m\u00e5de at kommunikere videnskab p\u00e5. Jeg skabte alle disse infografikker ved hj\u00e6lp af Mind the graph, en onlineplatform, der g\u00f8r det muligt for forskere at skabe i\u00f8jnefaldende materialer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Kulstofcyklus og drivhuseffekt - en videnskabelig infografik.<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Kuldioxid er en almindelig gas i atmosf\u00e6ren. Normalt opretholder jordens kulstofkredsl\u00f8b en naturlig balance mellem kulstof i atmosf\u00e6ren, landjorden og havet gennem \"planetens \u00e5ndedr\u00e6t\". Men menneskelige aktiviteter som udledning af fossile br\u00e6ndstoffer bryder balancen i kulstofkredsl\u00f8bet og for\u00e5rsager klimaforandringer, da det \u00f8ger drivhusgassen [...].<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8959,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[66,958],"tags":[219,51,299,311,310,554],"yoast_head":"\nConsequences of ocean acidification on marine animals - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists estimate that the oceans absorbed one-third of all the carbon dioxide produced by human activities causing ocean acidification\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/da\/havforsuring-konsekvenser\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"da_DK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Consequences of ocean acidification on marine animals - Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Scientists estimate that the oceans absorbed one-third of all the carbon dioxide produced by human activities causing ocean acidification\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/da\/havforsuring-konsekvenser\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-05-22T20:56:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-10-18T14:41:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/preview1242388482.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fabiola Soares\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fabiola Soares\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Consequences of ocean acidification on marine animals - 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