{"id":10456,"date":"2019-09-23T09:21:14","date_gmt":"2019-09-23T12:21:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=10456"},"modified":"2022-10-14T11:21:45","modified_gmt":"2022-10-14T14:21:45","slug":"immune-cell-signalling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/da\/immun-celle-signalering\/","title":{"rendered":"Nye videnskabelige data: Tid er svaret p\u00e5 immuncellesignalering"},"content":{"rendered":"

Os gl\u00f3bulos brancos s\u00e3o respons\u00e1veis por defender nosso corpo contra amea\u00e7as, mantendo-nos vivos. <\/span>Men hvordan identificerer disse celler en amea\u00e7a? <\/span>Dentro do corpo humano, com trilh\u00f5es de c\u00e9lulas, elas precisam ser espec\u00edficas e precisas. <\/span>I modsat fald kommer de og angriber os indefra. <\/span>Dette ansvar hviler p\u00e5 ombros das c\u00e9lulas T, agenter, der er specialiserede i at identificere skadelige antigener og markere dem, s\u00e5 de bliver destrueret. <\/span>Uma das maiores quest\u00f5es sobre a sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o das c\u00e9lulas imunes \u00e9 como as c\u00e9lulas T distinguem nossas pr\u00f3prias c\u00e9lulas saud\u00e1veis e o que \u00e9 prejudicial para n\u00f3s.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"ativa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/p>\n

I l\u00f8bet af udviklingen producerer kroppen millioner af T-celler med forskellige typer af receptorer. <\/span>Endelig ved vores krop ikke pr\u00e6cis, hvad fremtiden bringer. <\/span>Men der er et problem med denne strategi. <\/span>Produzimos c\u00e9lulas com receptores que identificam pept\u00eddeos que pertencem ao corpo. <\/span>I l\u00f8bet af udviklingen eliminerer vi en stor del af de T-celler, der reagerer p\u00e5 disse \"prim\u00e6re\" molekyler. <\/span>No entanto, alguns deles continuam circulando ao longo da vida, protegendo contra c\u00e9lulas infectadas e anormais sem prejudicar o organismo.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O que impede as c\u00e9lulas T de marcar nossas c\u00e9lulas saud\u00e1veis?<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Um novo artigo intitulado Controle optogen\u00e9tico mostra que a revis\u00e3o cin\u00e9tica regula atividade do receptor de c\u00e9lulas T traz novas evid\u00eancias para essa quest\u00e3o. <\/span>Weiner, um dos autores de um dos artigos, disse \u00e0 <\/span><\/span>Quanta Magazine<\/span><\/span><\/a> que \" <\/span><\/span>a c\u00e9lula poderia ter alguma maneira de tomar diferen\u00e7as muito, muito pequenas na dura\u00e7\u00e3o da liga\u00e7\u00e3o do receptor e amplificar isso para uma resposta celular muito maior\".<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

En chave para a sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o das c\u00e9lulas imunes \u00e9 o tempo. <\/span>Substanser, der binder sig til T-cellernes modtagere i mindre end fem sekunder, anses for at v\u00e6re sikre, mens de l\u00e6ngerevarende bindinger skal destrueres.<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Essa teoria, conhecida como revis\u00e3o cin\u00e9tica, n\u00e3o \u00e9 nova. <\/span>Siden \u00e5r 90 har nogle forskere foresl\u00e5et tempo som et middel til identifikation. <\/span><\/span>No entanto, os testes da hip\u00f3tese encontraram correla\u00e7\u00f5es sugestivas entre o tempo de liga\u00e7\u00e3o e a ativa\u00e7\u00e3o das c\u00e9lulas T, exatamente como a revis\u00e3o cin\u00e9tica faria, mas esses m\u00e9todos de teste n\u00e3o conseguiram separar o efeito do tempo dos efeitos de outros fatores biof\u00edsicos, como estruturas mudan\u00e7as nas mol\u00e9culas e diferen\u00e7as na for\u00e7a de liga\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/span><\/span><\/em>For det f\u00f8rste vidste forskerne, at mange parametre, der er potentielt vigtige for jogging, og som de ikke kunne m\u00e5le eller se, var blevet taget i betragtning.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nye optogenetiske metoder til at finde frem til de m\u00f8rke celler<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00a0Optogenetik er et forskningsomr\u00e5de, hvor man bruger lys til at kontrollere cellerne. <\/span>H\u00e1 cientistas usando o m\u00e9todo para controlar as intera\u00e7\u00f5es prote\u00edna-prote\u00edna em todos os tipos de estudos. <\/span>I dag bruger to forskningshold denne teknologi til at unders\u00f8ge sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o af imunesiske celler, det ene med hjemsted i Alemanha og det andet i S\u00e3o Francisco. <\/span>P\u00e5 trods af forskellene mellem disse to unders\u00f8gelser, opn\u00e5ede forskerne ensartede resultater: N\u00e5r en liga-begivenhed varede mere end fem sekunder, blev en c\u00e9lula T aktiveret, men det skete ikke p\u00e5 grund af noget andet end dette.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Hvorfor det sker, er endnu ikke klart. <\/span>Men de fleste af os har et problem med at svare p\u00e5 det: \" <\/span><\/span>A partir do momento em que um receptor de c\u00e9lula T se liga a uma mol\u00e9cula, uma s\u00e9rie de etapas bioqu\u00edmicas irrevers\u00edveis precisam ocorrer antes que a c\u00e9lula seja ativada. Se a mol\u00e9cula se desprender muito cedo durante essa cascata de sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o , tudo tem que recome\u00e7ar desde o primeiro passo.\".\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Som altid i samfundet giver et nyt svar anledning til mange nye sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l. <\/span>Sabemos um pouco mais do que antes, mas ainda temos todo um universo desconhecido para explorar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"cuidado<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Os gl\u00f3bulos brancos s\u00e3o respons\u00e1veis por defender nosso corpo contra amea\u00e7as, mantendo-nos vivos. Men hvordan identificerer disse celler en sygdom? I den menneskelige krop, der best\u00e5r af trilh\u00f5es de c\u00e9lulas, skal de v\u00e6re s\u00e6rlige og pr\u00e6cise. I modsat fald kan de komme til at angribe os indefra. Dette ansvar p\u00e5hviler vores ombros das c\u00e9lulas T, agentes especializados em [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":10461,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[302,361,360,299,318,354,256],"yoast_head":"\nNew scientific data: time is the immune cell response<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"One of the biggest questions on immune cell signalling is how the T cells distinguish our own healthy cells and what is harmful for us.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/da\/immun-celle-signalering\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"da_DK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New scientific data: time is the immune cell response\" \/>\n<meta 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