{"id":6300,"date":"2016-10-04T14:25:20","date_gmt":"2016-10-04T17:25:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=6300"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:10:46","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:10:46","slug":"autophagy-wins-nobel-prize-medicine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/autofagie-ziskala-nobelskou-premii-medicina\/","title":{"rendered":"Autofagie z\u00edskala Nobelovu cenu za medic\u00ednu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Proces autofagie se pod\u00edl\u00ed na \u0159ad\u011b onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je rakovina a neurologick\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Funguje jako vnit\u0159n\u00ed recykla\u010dn\u00ed program t\u011bla. Nefunk\u010dn\u00ed autofagie je v\u0161ak spojov\u00e1na s Parkinsonovou chorobou, cukrovkou, rakovinou a dal\u0161\u00edmi poruchami souvisej\u00edc\u00edmi s v\u011bkem.<\/p>\n

Po tomto kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u00favodu o v\u00fdznamu procesu autofagie nen\u00ed p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee nov\u00e9 objevy v t\u00e9to oblasti mohou v\u00e9st k ud\u011blen\u00ed Nobelovy ceny. A skute\u010dn\u011b, minul\u00e9 pond\u011bl\u00ed z\u00edskal v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk Yoshino Ohsumi Nobelova cena za medic\u00ednu<\/a> za identifikaci prvn\u00edch nezbytn\u00fdch gen\u016f pro autofagii.<\/p>\n

\"Nec\u00edt\u00edm se dob\u0159e, kdy\u017e mohu sout\u011b\u017eit s mnoha lidmi, a m\u00edsto toho je pro m\u011b p\u0159\u00edjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u011blat n\u011bco, co nikdo jin\u00fd ned\u011bl\u00e1. Sv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem o tom v\u011bda je a radost z toho, \u017ee n\u011bco objev\u00edm, m\u011b inspiruje.\" Yoshino Ohsumi <\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Jak to Ohsumi ud\u011blal?<\/h3>\n

Ohsumi ve sv\u00e9 laborato\u0159i vytvo\u0159il kmeny kvasinek, kter\u00e9 b\u011bhem hladov\u011bn\u00ed hromad\u00ed autofagozomy. K t\u00e9to akumulaci mohlo doj\u00edt pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee geny nezbytn\u00e9 pro autofagii byly neaktivn\u00ed. Ohsumi tedy za\u010dal manipulovat bu\u0148kami s n\u011bkolika genov\u00fdmi mutacemi a poda\u0159ilo se mu vyvolat autofagii.<\/p>\n

\"Autofagie<\/a><\/p>\n

Autofagie je zn\u00e1m\u00e1<\/h3>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee je autofagie zn\u00e1ma ji\u017e 50 let, v\u00fdznam tohoto procesu byl rozpozn\u00e1n a\u017e v 90. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed d\u00edky studi\u00edm Ohsumiho.
\nZa svou pr\u00e1ci si Ohsumi ji\u017e z\u00edskal n\u011bkolik fanou\u0161k\u016f:<\/p>\n

\"Autofagie<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\"Jsem velmi r\u00e1d, \u017ee dostal leto\u0161n\u00ed Nobelovu cenu, je to velmi zaslou\u017een\u00e9. Jeho laborato\u0159 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 hlavn\u011b kvasinkami. Provedli prvn\u00ed screeny, kter\u00e9 umo\u017enily objevit kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 geny, je\u017e se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na autofagii. Jeho objev\u016f vyu\u017eila \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch laborato\u0159\u00ed, a\u0165 u\u017e p\u0159\u00edmo, nebo nep\u0159\u00edmo, aby zjistila, pro\u010d je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 u nemoc\u00ed.\"<\/p>\n

David Rubinsztein<\/a> - z\u00e1stupce \u0159editele Cambridgesk\u00e9ho institutu pro l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd v\u00fdzkum.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\"Autofagie<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\"Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby tato oblast v\u011bdy byla uzn\u00e1na. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm principem je zde hled\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fdch mechanism\u016f u nemoc\u00ed. Otev\u00edr\u00e1 to cesty k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b t\u011bchto poruch, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed od konven\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.\"<\/p>\n

Giovanna Mallucci<\/a> - profesor klinick\u00e9 neurov\u011bdy na univerzit\u011b v Cambridge.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\"Autofagie<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Proces autofagie se pod\u00edl\u00ed na \u0159ad\u011b onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je rakovina a neurologick\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Funguje jako vnit\u0159n\u00ed recykla\u010dn\u00ed program t\u011bla. Nefunk\u010dn\u00ed autofagie je v\u0161ak spojov\u00e1na s Parkinsonovou chorobou, cukrovkou, rakovinou a dal\u0161\u00edmi poruchami souvisej\u00edc\u00edmi s v\u011bkem. Po tomto mal\u00e9m \u00favodu o v\u00fdznamu procesu autofagie nen\u00ed p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee nov\u00e9 objevy [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":6304,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[554],"yoast_head":"\nAutophagy wins Nobel Prize in medicine - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\""I find it more enjoyable doing something nobody else is doing. 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