{"id":6276,"date":"2016-09-22T19:39:09","date_gmt":"2016-09-22T22:39:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=6276"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:10:47","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:10:47","slug":"tartigrades-superpowers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/tartigrady-supervelmoci\/","title":{"rendered":"Jsou tartigradsk\u00e9 superschopnosti skute\u010dn\u00e9?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Supervelmoci tartigrad jsou trendov\u00fdm t\u00e9matem po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Kdy\u017e u\u017e jste si v\u0161ak mysleli, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edroda u\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0161\u00edlen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, op\u011bt v\u00e1s p\u0159ekvap\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tartigrady jsou ji\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako nejodoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u017eivo\u010dichov\u00e9 na Zemi. Toto ozna\u010den\u00ed z\u00edskali d\u00edky sv\u00e9 odolnosti v\u016f\u010di z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, vysok\u00fdm tlak\u016fm a extr\u00e9mn\u00edm teplot\u00e1m. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee tento mal\u00fd \u017eivo\u010dich rozpoutal \u0159adu nov\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek, jak mohlo doj\u00edt k evoluci.<\/p>\n

\"Jsou<\/a><\/p>\n

Tento t\u00fdden, nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fd v \u010dasopise Nature<\/a>, odhalil mnohem v\u00edce o superschopnostech tartigrad.<\/p>\n

Po sekvencov\u00e1n\u00ed genomu tartigrad Takekazu Kunieda a jeho t\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f identifikovali protein, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed DNA p\u0159i vystaven\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Tento protein se vyskytuje pouze u tartigrad. Kunieda v\u0161ak v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b zkoum\u00e1, jak by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 stejn\u00fd protein zav\u00e9st i u \u010dlov\u011bka a chr\u00e1nit tak lidskou DNA.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Je \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9, \u017ee jedin\u00fd gen sta\u010d\u00ed ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed tolerance lidsk\u00fdch bun\u011bk v\u016f\u010di z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Domn\u00edv\u00e1me se, \u017ee tento protein m\u016f\u017ee fungovat jako fyzick\u00fd \u0161t\u00edt, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed lidskou DNA p\u0159ed \u00fatoky.\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Tajemstv\u00edm superschopnost\u00ed tartigrad je jejich schopnost odol\u00e1vat extr\u00e9mn\u00edmu vysu\u0161en\u00ed. Tartigrady jsou schopny p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt s pouh\u00fdmi 1% vody a pak se vr\u00e1tit k \u017eivotu, jako by se nic nestalo. Podle Kunieda tartigrady d\u011bl\u00ed svou DNA na mal\u00e9 kousky a sni\u017euj\u00ed svou \u017eivotn\u00ed aktivitu na 0,01%. Po op\u011btovn\u00e9m ukryt\u00ed se DNA oprav\u00ed a jejich \u017eivotn\u00ed aktivita se vr\u00e1t\u00ed na 100%.<\/p>\n

Sekvenov\u00e1n\u00ed genomu tak\u00e9 nazna\u010duje, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina gen\u016f tartigrad poch\u00e1z\u00ed od jin\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm procesu zvan\u00e9ho \"horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159enos gen\u016f\". Zde je infografika shrnuj\u00edc\u00ed Kunied\u016fv v\u00fdzkum:<\/p>\n

\"Jsou<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tartigrady se nemus\u00ed zd\u00e1t jako zaj\u00edmav\u00fd objekt studia. Kdy\u017e se v\u0161ak zept\u00e1te na spr\u00e1vnou ot\u00e1zku, m\u016f\u017eete zjistit n\u011bco \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9ho, nap\u0159\u00edklad superschopnosti zv\u00ed\u0159at.<\/p>\n

C\u00edt\u00edte se nad\u0161eni z v\u011bdeck\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce Kunieda? Postarejte se, aby se v\u011bdci nadchli i pro v\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdzkum!<\/p>\n

\"Jsou<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Supervelmoci tartigrad jsou trendov\u00fdm t\u00e9matem po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Kdy\u017e u\u017e jste si v\u0161ak mysleli, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edroda u\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0161\u00edlen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, op\u011bt v\u00e1s p\u0159ekvap\u00ed. Tartigrady jsou ji\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako nejodoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata na Zemi. Toto ozna\u010den\u00ed z\u00edskaly d\u00edky sv\u00e9 odolnosti v\u016f\u010di radiaci, vysok\u00fdm tlak\u016fm a extr\u00e9mn\u00edm teplot\u00e1m. Nen\u00ed tedy divu, \u017ee [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":6278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[554],"yoast_head":"\nTartigrades superpowers are real? - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The tartigrades superpowers are a trending topic all around the world. 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