{"id":5346,"date":"2016-03-03T13:41:11","date_gmt":"2016-03-03T16:41:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=5346"},"modified":"2022-10-18T08:29:24","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:29:24","slug":"zika-virus-graphical-abstract","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/zika-virus-graphical-abstract\/","title":{"rendered":"Grafick\u00fd abstrakt k viru Zika a mikrocefalii"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pochopen\u00ed grafick\u00e9ho abstraktu viru Zika: Jak zmen\u0161uje velikost mozku<\/h3>\n

Dne\u0161n\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 studie p\u0159idala zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o roli viru Zika p\u0159i malformaci nervov\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed. Ano, ne\u017e se zept\u00e1te, lidsk\u00e1 nervov\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148.<\/p>\n

Elegantn\u011b to provedla skupina Dr. Stevense Rehena, mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumn\u00edka v oblasti v\u00fdzkumu kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk a nov\u011bji i bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9ho p\u0159eprogramov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

N\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00fd obr\u00e1zek shrnuje zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pap\u00edr<\/a>, ale pokus\u00edm se to stru\u010dn\u011b vysv\u011btlit.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"blog<\/p>\n

Tento pronikav\u00fd grafick\u00fd v\u00fdtah o viru Zika byl vytvo\u0159en pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1stroje Mind the graph. Nen\u00ed to super?<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Jak vid\u00edte na obr\u00e1zku v\u00fd\u0161e, v tomto v\u00fdzkumu byly pou\u017eity t\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy. V\u0161echny z nich potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee virus Zika m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vliv na to, jak se mozkov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky vyv\u00edjej\u00ed, aby vytvo\u0159ily spr\u00e1vnou neuron\u00e1ln\u00ed tk\u00e1\u0148, neboli \"inkrustuje malformaci mozku\".\"virus<\/a>Mikrocefalie je jen jednou z mozkov\u00fdch vad. \u010cl\u00e1nek nazna\u010duje n\u011bco je\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1sadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho.<\/p>\n

Ukazuj\u00ed, jak virus Zika:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Podporuje bun\u011b\u010dnou smrt<\/li>\n
  2. Vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 morfologick\u00e9 zm\u011bny (v neurosf\u00e9r\u00e1ch)<\/li>\n
  3. Sni\u017euje r\u016fst\/velikost mozkov\u00fdch organoid\u016f (mini mozk\u016f).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    To v\u0161e jsou zp\u016fsoby, jak virus Zika ovliv\u0148uje neurogenezi b\u011bhem v\u00fdvoje lidsk\u00e9ho mozku a zp\u016fsobuje fenotyp, kter\u00fd vid\u00edte n\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p>\n

    \"virus<\/a><\/p>\n

    <\/h3>\n

    Pro\u010d se to neud\u011blalo u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve?<\/h3>\n

    Pr\u016flomov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem bylo pou\u017eit\u00ed indukovan\u00fdch pluripotentn\u00edch kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk (iPS bun\u011bk), aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 studovat virovou infekci v lidsk\u00fdch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

    P\u0159i tomto procesu je somatick\u00e1 bu\u0148ka odebran\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bku p\u0159eprogramov\u00e1na na p\u016fvodn\u00ed pluripotentn\u00ed bu\u0148ku a n\u00e1sledn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt diferencov\u00e1na na r\u016fzn\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, tk\u00e1n\u011b a v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b i org\u00e1ny. To je samotn\u00fd po\u010d\u00e1tek \"lidsk\u00e9ho tk\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed\".<\/p>\n

    Ve studii auto\u0159i pou\u017eili nejen iPS bu\u0148ky, ale tak\u00e9 vytvo\u0159ili mozkov\u00e9 organoidy<\/a>, zn\u00e1m\u00fdch tak\u00e9 jako \"mini mozky\", aby se zjistilo, jak\u00fd vliv m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost viru Zika na tvorbu t\u00e9to neuron\u00e1ln\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b.<\/p>\n

    Takov\u00e9 bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 kultury se pova\u017euj\u00ed za trojrozm\u011brn\u00e9 (3D) struktury a poskytuj\u00ed v\u00edce informac\u00ed o architektu\u0159e org\u00e1n\u016f. Jedn\u00e1 se o rok organoidu podle Ekonom<\/a>. Pomoc\u00ed tohoto inovativn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu mohli v\u011bdci pochopit, jak virus zika p\u016fsob\u00ed na lidsk\u00e9 mozkov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, \u010d\u00edm\u017e sni\u017euje jejich \u017eivotaschopnost a r\u016fst v podob\u011b neurosf\u00e9r a mozkov\u00fdch organoid\u016f.<\/p>\n

    Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch pap\u00edr<\/a> je v p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9m tisku v inovativn\u00edm \u010dasopise PeerJ. B\u011bhem procesu m\u016f\u017eete dokonce komentovat a pom\u00e1hat autor\u016fm s jeho vylep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm. N\u00ed\u017ee si m\u016f\u017eete prohl\u00e9dnout abstrakt a pln\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup z\u00edsk\u00e1te kliknut\u00edm na odkaz zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    \"virus<\/a><\/p>\n

    Pozn\u00e1mka: Dva m\u011bs\u00edce po vyd\u00e1n\u00ed preprintu na PeerJ z b\u0159ezna 2016 byla zve\u0159ejn\u011bna kone\u010dn\u00e1 verze \u010dl\u00e1nku a k na\u0161emu p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed byla. zve\u0159ejn\u011bno na Science <\/a>Magazine, jeden z nejpresti\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u010dasopis\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n

    -> P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si cel\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek Garcez et al v \u010dasopise Science <-<\/a><\/p>\n

    \"virus<\/a><\/p>\n

    A\u0165 se o tom dozv\u00ed v\u00edce lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed sd\u00edlej\u00ed tento p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek. Jedn\u00e1 se o celosv\u011btovou z\u00e1le\u017eitost ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, jak ji\u017e uvedl. Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace<\/a>\u00a0(WHO).<\/p>\n

    \n

     <\/p>\n

    V\u011bd\u011bt, co WHO rad\u00ed ohledn\u011b viru Zika<\/a>\u00a0p\u0159enosu a infekce:<\/p>\n

    \n

    P\u0159evodovka<\/h3>\n

    Virus Zika se na \u010dlov\u011bka p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kousnut\u00edm od Aedes<\/i> kom\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010dasto \u017eij\u00ed v okol\u00ed budov v m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblastech a jsou obvykle aktivn\u00ed b\u011bhem denn\u00edho sv\u011btla (nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed aktivita kousnut\u00ed nast\u00e1v\u00e1 brzy r\u00e1no a pozd\u011b odpoledne).<\/p>\n

    N\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u016fkazy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee virus Zika se m\u016f\u017ee na \u010dlov\u011bka p\u0159en\u00e9st tak\u00e9 krevn\u00ed transfuz\u00ed, perinat\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159enosem a sexu\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159enosem. Tyto zp\u016fsoby jsou v\u0161ak velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

    Inkuba\u010dn\u00ed doba se obvykle pohybuje mezi 2 a 7 dny.<\/p>\n

    P\u0159\u00edznaky a symptomy<\/h3>\n

    Infekce virem Zika je charakterizov\u00e1na n\u00edzkou hore\u010dkou (m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 38,5 \u00b0C), kter\u00e1 je \u010dasto doprov\u00e1zena makulopapul\u00f3zn\u00ed vyr\u00e1\u017ekou. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky pat\u0159\u00ed bolest sval\u016f, bolest kloub\u016f s mo\u017en\u00fdm otokem (zejm\u00e9na drobn\u00fdch kloub\u016f rukou a nohou), bolest hlavy, bolest za o\u010dima a z\u00e1n\u011bt spojivek. Proto\u017ee p\u0159\u00edznaky jsou \u010dasto m\u00edrn\u00e9, m\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee infekce z\u016fstane nerozpozn\u00e1na nebo bude chybn\u011b diagnostikov\u00e1na jako hore\u010dka dengue.<\/p>\n

    O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se vysok\u00e1 m\u00edra asymptomatick\u00e9 infekce virem Zika, podobn\u011b jako u jin\u00fdch flavivir\u016f, jako je virus dengue a z\u00e1padonilsk\u00fd virus. V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed se pln\u011b uzdrav\u00ed bez z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch komplikac\u00ed a po\u010det hospitalizac\u00ed je n\u00edzk\u00fd. Dosud nebylo hl\u00e1\u0161eno \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00famrt\u00ed spojen\u00e9 s virem Zika.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Aktualizov\u00e1no 3. kv\u011btna 2016.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Pochopte grafick\u00fd abstrakt viru Zika: Jak zmen\u0161uje velikost mozku Zaj\u00edmav\u00fd d\u016fkaz o roli viru Zika p\u0159i malformaci nervov\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159inesla dne\u0161n\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 studie. Ach ano, ne\u017e se zept\u00e1te, lidsk\u00e9 nervov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b. Elegantn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem to provedla skupina Dr. Stevense Rehena, mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumn\u00edka v oboru [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":7136,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[956],"tags":[96,201,200,203,202,205,554,71,250,204,199],"yoast_head":"\nZika virus graphical abstract on microcephaly - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This insightful Zika virus graphical abstract was done with Mind the graph. 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