{"id":14686,"date":"2021-09-28T16:19:40","date_gmt":"2021-09-28T19:19:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?p=14686"},"modified":"2023-01-05T14:33:43","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T17:33:43","slug":"young-sea-turtles-trapped-by-plastic-evolutionary-trap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/mlade-morske-zelvy-polapene-plastovou-evolucni-pastickou\/","title":{"rendered":"Mlad\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy v pasti plast\u016f: evolu\u010dn\u00ed past"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u017delvy a plast<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Studie ukazuje, \u017ee zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed plastem \u010dasem uv\u011bzn\u00ed mlad\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ml\u00e1\u010fata mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u017eelv po vyl\u00edhnut\u00ed opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed pl\u00e1\u017ee a vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed na dn\u011b oce\u00e1nu. Krom\u011b toho se v t\u011bchto proudech postupem \u010dasu nahromadilo st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed plast\u016f, kter\u00e9 mnoho \u017eelv polyk\u00e1, kdy\u017e se krm\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ml\u00e1\u010fata \u017eelv, zejm\u00e9na ta \u010derstv\u011b vyl\u00edhl\u00e1 a \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed na dn\u011b oce\u00e1nu, jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nejn\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k plastov\u00e9mu zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b vzhledem k jejich odlehl\u00e9 poloze k nim maj\u00ed omezen\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup a hodnocen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V studium<\/a> pod veden\u00edm Exeter University<\/a>, v\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee se v ml\u00e1\u010fatech \u017eelv na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm (Tich\u00fd oce\u00e1n) a z\u00e1padn\u00edm (Indick\u00fd oce\u00e1n) pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Austr\u00e1lie vyl\u00edhly mo\u0159sk\u00e9 plasty.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Mind<\/a>
Mind the Graph Ilustrace: Cheloniidae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Mohly by se \u017eelvy dostat do evolu\u010dn\u00ed pasti?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Mo\u0159sk\u00e9 syst\u00e9my jsou ji\u017e l\u00e9ta ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1ny plastov\u00fdm odpadem a byl u\u010din\u011bn pokus odhadnout, jak p\u016fsob\u00ed na v\u00edce ne\u017e 700 druh\u016f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plasty ohro\u017euj\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka p\u0159i po\u017eit\u00ed, zamot\u00e1n\u00ed se do nich a degradaci ekosyst\u00e9mu. St\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji si uv\u011bdomujeme, \u017ee mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy konzumuj\u00ed plasty, ale zat\u00edm nebyly nalezeny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fadaje, kter\u00e9 by dokazovaly dopady po\u017eit\u00ed plast\u016f na celou populaci. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Otev\u0159en\u00e1 voda je pro \u017eelvy ide\u00e1ln\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm pro jejich v\u00fdvoj, proto\u017ee je zde minimum pred\u00e1tor\u016f. Ml\u00e1\u010fata mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u017eelv nemaj\u00ed vyhran\u011bn\u00fd j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek, konzumuj\u00ed cokoli a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161e, v\u010detn\u011b plast\u016f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy mohou b\u00fdt vzhledem ke sv\u00e9mu \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed a chov\u00e1n\u00ed v ur\u010dit\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch sv\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u011b zraniteln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

S v\u00fdjimkou \u017eelv ploskozob\u00fdch \u017eij\u00ed \u017eelvy po vyl\u00edhnut\u00ed obvykle v oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch oblastech, kde se obvykle vyskytuj\u00ed v n\u00edzk\u00e9m po\u010dtu na pevnin\u011b. Ve f\u00e1zi po vyl\u00edhnut\u00ed jsou \u017eelvy ploskozob\u00e9 z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch vod\u00e1ch. Pouze v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b se pono\u0159\u00ed hloub\u011bji do oce\u00e1nu, pokud se \u017eiv\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti linie p\u0159\u00edlivu a odlivu, b\u0159eh\u016f oce\u00e1nu nebo h\u0159eben\u016f, kter\u00e9 se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed. \u010casto je pro n\u011b charakteristick\u00e9 epipelagick\u00e9 krmen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee nev\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty mohou v\u00e9st ke z\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed stravy, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hladiny energie v jejich t\u011ble a u n\u011bkter\u00fdch druh\u016f tak\u00e9 k po\u0161kozen\u00ed tr\u00e1vic\u00edho traktu, kloaky a mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e.  <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\u0160ablona<\/a>
\u0160ablona Mind the Graph: T\u00e9ma oce\u00e1n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

V\u00fdsledky studie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Studie byla provedena na mlad\u00fdch mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u017eelv\u00e1ch (jak vyl\u00edhl\u00fdch, tak t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 dos\u00e1hly velikosti krun\u00fd\u0159e 50 cm), kter\u00e9 byly vyplaveny na b\u0159eh v australsk\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch nebo byly odchyceny ryb\u00e1\u0159i v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm roce. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Studie se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo 121 mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u017eelv, z nich\u017e bylo zkoum\u00e1no p\u011bt druh\u016f: \u017eelva zelenav\u00e1, \u017eelva n\u00e1dhern\u00e1, \u017eelva ost\u0159\u00ed\u017eovlas\u00e1, \u017eelva olivov\u00e1 a \u017eelva ploskozob\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu obsahovaly plastov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby v mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00ed \u017eelvy karety, \u017eelvy zelenav\u00e9, \u017eelvy ploskozob\u00e9 a \u017eelvy ostruhat\u00e9: 86%, 83%, 80% a 29%. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Indick\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu se plast nach\u00e1zel u 28% \u017eelv ploskozob\u00fdch, 21% \u017eelv karetovit\u00fdch a 9% \u017eelv zelenav\u00fdch. Na obou pob\u0159e\u017e\u00edch bylo nalezeno sedm \u017eelv karety obecn\u00e9, tak\u017ee velikost vzorku byla minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plasty nebyly nalezeny u \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch \u017eelv karetovit\u00fdch nalezen\u00fdch na obou pob\u0159e\u017e\u00edch. Pro pacifick\u00e9 \u017eelvy byly typick\u00e9 \u00falomky tvrd\u00fdch plast\u016f, kter\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b poch\u00e1zely z nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f vyroben\u00fdch \u010dlov\u011bkem, na rozd\u00edl od plast\u016f v Indick\u00e9m oce\u00e1nu, kde se jednalo p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o vl\u00e1kna z ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed nebo lan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oba oce\u00e1ny obsahovaly vysok\u00e9 koncentrace polyethylenu, nylonu a polypropylenu, kter\u00e9 \u017eelvy po\u017e\u00edvaly. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroj nalezen\u00fdch fragment\u016f nelze p\u0159esn\u011b ur\u010dit, proto\u017ee tyto polymery se v plastov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zdrojem zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek v mo\u0159\u00edch v bl\u00edzkosti vod jsou vy\u0159azen\u00e1, demontovan\u00e1 a jinak znehodnocen\u00e1 lovn\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (ALDFG), kter\u00e1 jsou b\u011b\u017en\u011b tvo\u0159ena plastov\u00fdmi vl\u00e1kny. Velikost \u010d\u00e1stic se m\u011bnila spolu s velikost\u00ed \u017eelv, obvykle mezi 5 a 10 mm. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u011bdci doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee v dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1zi sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu budou zkoumat, jak\u00fd vliv m\u00e1 po\u017eit\u00ed plast\u016f na zdrav\u00ed a p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed \u017eelv. K tomu bude zapot\u0159eb\u00ed, aby v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci a veterin\u00e1\u0159i z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta \u00fazce spolupracovali. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9, abychom p\u0159estali do vodn\u00edch ploch vypou\u0161t\u011bt odpad, kter\u00fd \u017eelvy nejen zamot\u00e1v\u00e1, ale dlouhodob\u011b ovliv\u0148uje jejich genetickou v\u00fdbavu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud chcete z\u00edskat v\u00edce informac\u00ed o jejich v\u00fdzkumu, pod\u00edvejte se na n\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00fd odkaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Duncan, Emily M., et al. \"Plastic pollution and small juvenile marine turtles: a potential evolutionary trap\" (Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed plastem a mal\u00e1 ml\u00e1\u010fata mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u017eelv: potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed evolu\u010dn\u00ed past). Frontiers in Marine Science (2021): 961. DOI: 10.3389\/fmars.2021.699521<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u017delva<\/a><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u017delvy a plasty Studie ukazuje, \u017ee zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed plasty dlouhodob\u011b uv\u011bz\u0148uje mlad\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy. Ml\u00e1\u010fata mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u017eelv po vyl\u00edhnut\u00ed opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed pl\u00e1\u017ee a vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed na dn\u011b oce\u00e1nu. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu se nav\u00edc v t\u011bchto proudech nahromadilo st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed plast\u016f, kter\u00e9 mnoh\u00e9 \u017eelvy polykaj\u00ed, kdy\u017e se krm\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed. Ml\u00e1\u010fata \u017eelv, zejm\u00e9na ta, kter\u00e1 se narodila v [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":14694,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[959,28],"tags":[707,854,554,853],"yoast_head":"\nYoung sea turtles trapped by plastic: Evolutionary Trap - MTG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Study shows that plastic pollution traps young sea turtles over time. But how plastic ingestion affects turtle health and survival?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/mlade-morske-zelvy-polapene-plastovou-evolucni-pastickou\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Young sea turtles trapped by plastic: Evolutionary Trap\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/mlade-morske-zelvy-polapene-plastovou-evolucni-pastickou\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-09-28T19:19:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-05T17:33:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/face-3-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"627\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bruna Soldera\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Young sea turtles trapped by plastic: Evolutionary Trap\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Mind the Graph Blog\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/twitter-5.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bruna Soldera\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Young sea turtles trapped by plastic: Evolutionary Trap - MTG","description":"Study shows that plastic pollution traps young sea turtles over time. But how plastic ingestion affects turtle health and survival?","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/mlade-morske-zelvy-polapene-plastovou-evolucni-pastickou\/","og_locale":"cs_CZ","og_type":"article","og_title":"Young sea turtles trapped by plastic: Evolutionary Trap","og_description":"Mind the Graph Blog","og_url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/mlade-morske-zelvy-polapene-plastovou-evolucni-pastickou\/","og_site_name":"Mind the Graph Blog","article_published_time":"2021-09-28T19:19:40+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-01-05T17:33:43+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":627,"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/face-3-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Bruna Soldera","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"Young sea turtles trapped by plastic: Evolutionary Trap","twitter_description":"Mind the Graph Blog","twitter_image":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/twitter-5.jpg","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Bruna Soldera","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/young-sea-turtles-trapped-by-plastic-evolutionary-trap\/","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/young-sea-turtles-trapped-by-plastic-evolutionary-trap\/","name":"Young sea turtles trapped by plastic: Evolutionary Trap - MTG","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-09-28T19:19:40+00:00","dateModified":"2023-01-05T17:33:43+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6a3f0be2cd19879e0b9b54457a069602"},"description":"Study shows that plastic pollution traps young sea turtles over time. But how plastic ingestion affects turtle health and survival?","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/young-sea-turtles-trapped-by-plastic-evolutionary-trap\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"cs-CZ","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/young-sea-turtles-trapped-by-plastic-evolutionary-trap\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/young-sea-turtles-trapped-by-plastic-evolutionary-trap\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Young sea turtles trapped by plastic: Evolutionary Trap"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/","name":"Mind the Graph Blog","description":"Your science can be beautiful!","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"cs-CZ"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6a3f0be2cd19879e0b9b54457a069602","name":"Bruna Soldera","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs-CZ","@id":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/93afc55eb938f215d2b7a23322de49be?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/93afc55eb938f215d2b7a23322de49be?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Bruna Soldera"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/mindthegraph.com","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/bruna-soldera-826426126\/"],"url":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/author\/bruna\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14686"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14686"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14686\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26031,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14686\/revisions\/26031"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14694"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14686"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14686"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14686"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}