{"id":10301,"date":"2019-08-29T09:38:29","date_gmt":"2019-08-29T12:38:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.mindthegraph.com\/?p=10301"},"modified":"2022-10-18T17:19:36","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T20:19:36","slug":"new-infographics-solar-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindthegraph.com\/blog\/cs\/new-infographics-solar-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e1 infografika, kter\u00e1 v\u00e1m uk\u00e1\u017ee velikost slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jak velk\u00fd a rozmanit\u00fd je vesm\u00edr? To je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka i pro fyziku. Na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b a ve slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b je st\u00e1le mnoho z\u00e1had, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba vy\u0159e\u0161it. V\u00edte, \u017ee slune\u010dn\u00ed soustava m\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 4 miliardy let? M\u00e1me p\u0159ed sebou cel\u00fd vesm\u00edr, kter\u00fd mus\u00edme prozkoumat. Nezn\u00e1mo m\u016f\u017ee nah\u00e1n\u011bt hr\u016fzu, ale je to dob\u0159e. Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee se m\u00e1me co u\u010dit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pod\u00edvejme se tedy na n\u011bkter\u00e9 zaj\u00edmavosti o na\u0161\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b, kter\u00e9 lidstvo ji\u017e objevilo. A kdo v\u00ed, co objev\u00edme z\u00edtra?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Vytv\u00e1\u0159ejte efektivn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 postavy b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Velikost sol\u00e1rn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustava<\/b> je asi 36 miliardkr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Zem\u011b (3,6 X 10^10). Vzd\u00e1lenosti ve vesm\u00edru jsou tak obrovsk\u00e9, \u017ee b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 metry a kilometry nesta\u010d\u00ed. Astronomov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u011brnou jednotku, kter\u00e1 se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 astronomick\u00e1 jednotka. Jedn\u00e1 se o pr\u016fm\u011brnou vzd\u00e1lenost Zem\u011b od Slunce, tedy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 150 milion\u016f kilometr\u016f. Merkur je od Slunce vzd\u00e1len pouze 0,39 astronomick\u00e9 jednotky, zat\u00edmco Jupiter ob\u00edh\u00e1 ve vzd\u00e1lenosti 5,5 astronomick\u00e9 jednotky. A Pluto se nach\u00e1z\u00ed daleko od n\u00e1s, ve vzd\u00e1lenosti 39,2 astronomick\u00e9 jednotky. To odpov\u00edd\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenosti 5,9 miliardy kilometr\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"solar_system_mind_the_graph\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

A co teplota?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Zd\u00e1 se b\u00fdt z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee planety bl\u00ed\u017ee ke Slunci jsou teplej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ostatn\u00ed. To je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pravda, ale v\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee Venu\u0161e je teplej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e rtu\u0165?<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"temperature_planets\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

D\u011bje se tak proto, \u017ee Venu\u0161e m\u00e1 velmi hustou atmosf\u00e9ru tvo\u0159enou oxidem uhli\u010dit\u00fdm, dus\u00edkem a kyselinou s\u00edrovou, zat\u00edmco Merkur m\u00e1 velmi \u0159\u00eddkou atmosf\u00e9ru s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi plyny, ale jen velmi m\u00e1lo oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho. Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm plynem sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho efektu. Za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch okolnost\u00ed Slunce oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 povrch planety b\u011bhem dne, ale b\u011bhem noci se planeta ochlazuje uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm infra\u010derven\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (tepla) zp\u011bt do vesm\u00edru. Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd v\u0161ak energii infra\u010derven\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed velmi dob\u0159e pohlcuje a \"zachycuje\" teplo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pod\u00edvejte se na infografiku sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho efektu:<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"venus_greenhouse_effect\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Zem\u011b m\u00e1 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e tak\u00e9 oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd. Proto tak\u00e9 poci\u0165ujeme sklen\u00edkov\u00fd efekt, kter\u00fd n\u00e1s v noci zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1. Se zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a n\u00e1r\u016fstem oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho se v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee teplota p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zv\u00fd\u0161it, co\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Jste p\u0159ipraveni za\u010d\u00edt pracovat na Mind the Graph?<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

A Pluto?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pluto je trpasli\u010d\u00ed planeta v Kuiperov\u011b p\u00e1su, prstenci t\u011bles za Neptunem. Byl objeven jako prvn\u00ed objekt Kuiperova p\u00e1su a je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm zn\u00e1m\u00fdm plutoidem (neboli ledov\u00fd trpasl\u00edk<\/i>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuiper\u016fv p\u00e1s 1<\/sup> je cirkumstel\u00e1rn\u00ed disk ve vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b, kter\u00fd se rozprost\u00edr\u00e1 od dr\u00e1hy Neptunu. Je podobn\u00fd p\u00e1su planetek, ale je mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. Stejn\u011b jako p\u00e1s asteroid\u016f se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z mal\u00fdch t\u011bles nebo poz\u016fstatk\u016f z doby vzniku Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy. Zat\u00edmco mnoho planetek je slo\u017eeno p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z hornin a kov\u016f, v\u011bt\u0161ina objekt\u016f Kuiperova p\u00e1su je tvo\u0159ena p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b zmrzl\u00fdmi t\u011bkav\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami (ozna\u010dovan\u00fdmi jako \"led\"), jako je metan, \u010dpavek a voda. V Kuiperov\u011b p\u00e1su se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed t\u0159i ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uznan\u00e9 trpasli\u010d\u00ed planety: Pluto, Haumea a Makemake. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy, nap\u0159\u00edklad Neptun\u016fv Triton a Saturn\u016fv Phoebe, mohou poch\u00e1zet z t\u00e9to oblasti.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Captura<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
\n
Za\u010dn\u011bte pou\u017e\u00edvat Mind The Graph pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f zdarma!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Zobrazen\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fdch dat pomoc\u00ed infografiky<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vysv\u011btlujete v\u011bdu a slo\u017eit\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 t\u00e9mata srozumiteln\u011b? Nen\u00ed to snadn\u00fd \u00fakol. Pokud chcete, aby poslucha\u010di pochopili hlavn\u00ed koncept a byli zv\u011bdav\u00ed dozv\u011bd\u011bt se v\u00edce, mus\u00edte zapracovat na sv\u00fdch komunika\u010dn\u00edch dovednostech. Infografiky a dobr\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky jsou mocn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem pro lep\u0161\u00ed komunikaci v oblasti v\u011bdy. Pod\u00edvejte se na na\u0161e \u0161ablony infografiky a zjist\u011bte v\u00edce.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. 10 zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed o Kuiperov\u011b p\u00e1su.<\/a><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Jak velk\u00fd a rozmanit\u00fd je vesm\u00edr? To je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka i pro fyziku. Na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b a ve slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b je st\u00e1le mnoho z\u00e1had, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba vy\u0159e\u0161it. V\u00edte, \u017ee slune\u010dn\u00ed soustava m\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 4 miliardy let? M\u00e1me p\u0159ed sebou cel\u00fd vesm\u00edr, kter\u00fd mus\u00edme prozkoumat. Nezn\u00e1mo m\u016f\u017ee nah\u00e1n\u011bt hr\u016fzu, [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":10313,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[66,958],"tags":[247,306,51,340,250,339,338],"yoast_head":"\nNew infographics to see the magnitude of the solar system - Mind the Graph Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"There is still a lot of mysteries to solve in our planet and the solar system. 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